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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- (-) Adverse Drug Events (ADE) (23)
- Adverse Events (18)
- Blood Clots (1)
- Blood Thinners (11)
- Cancer (1)
- Cancer: Colorectal Cancer (1)
- Cancer: Prostate Cancer (1)
- (-) Cardiovascular Conditions (23)
- Care Management (1)
- Chronic Conditions (1)
- Comparative Effectiveness (1)
- COVID-19 (1)
- Diabetes (2)
- Elderly (2)
- Evidence-Based Practice (3)
- Heart Disease and Health (9)
- Hospitalization (1)
- Kidney Disease and Health (1)
- Medical Errors (1)
- Medication (21)
- Medication: Safety (9)
- Mortality (2)
- Neurological Disorders (1)
- Outcomes (1)
- Patient-Centered Healthcare (1)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (5)
- Patient Safety (11)
- Practice Patterns (1)
- Registries (3)
- Risk (7)
- Stroke (3)
- Surgery (4)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 23 of 23 Research Studies DisplayedMarcaccio CL, Patel PB, Rastogi V
Efficacy and safety of single versus dual antiplatelet therapy in carotid artery stenting.
This study’s objective was to examine the efficacy and safety of preoperative single antiplatelet therapy (AP) therapy vs double antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in patients who had undergone transfemoral CAS (tfCAS) or transcarotid artery revascularization (TCAR). The authors identified all patients who had undergone tfCAS or TCAR in the Vascular Quality Initiative database from 2016 to 2021. A total of 18,570 tfCAS patients were included, of which 70% had received DAPT, 5.6% no AP therapy, 10% ASA only, 8.0% ASA + AP loading dose, 4.6% P2Y12 inhibitor (P2Yi) only, and 2.9% P2Yi + AP loading dose. After adjustment, compared with DAPT, the incidence of stroke/death was higher with no AP therapy, ASA only, and ASA + AP loading dose, but was similar with P2Yi only, and P2Yi + AP loading dose. No differences were found in the incidence of bleeding rates between the treatment groups after tfCAS or TCAR. These findings support the current guidelines recommending DAPT before CAS but also suggest that P2Yi monotherapy might confer thromboembolic benefits similar to those with DAPT.
AHRQ-funded; HS027285.
Citation: Marcaccio CL, Patel PB, Rastogi V .
Efficacy and safety of single versus dual antiplatelet therapy in carotid artery stenting.
J Vasc Surg 2023 May; 77(5):1434-46.e11. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2022.12.034..
Keywords: Blood Thinners, Medication, Medication: Safety, Cardiovascular Conditions, Stroke, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Patient Safety
Gamyroulas EM, Jones AE, Saunders JA
Trends in antiplatelet strategies 12-months following coronary stent placement in anticoagulated patients.
The guidelines for antithrombotic management in individuals undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) who also necessitate anticoagulant treatment are continually developing. The purpose of this study is to examine adjustments to antithrombotic regimens and correlated outcomes within a year following PCI in patients needing continued anticoagulation therapy. Data from patients discovered through electronic medical record searches were manually assessed to validate alterations in antithrombotic treatment from discharge up to one year post-PCI, as well as episodes of significant bleeding, clinically relevant non-major bleeding (CRNMB), major adverse cardiovascular or neurological events (MACNE), and all-cause mortality outcomes during an extra six-month follow-up period. The study found that one year after PCI, patients (n = 120) undergoing anticoagulation treatment were categorized based on their antiplatelet therapy status: no antiplatelet therapy (n = 16), single antiplatelet therapy (SAPT) (n = 85), or dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) (n = 19). Between 12 and 18 months post-PCI, there were two significant bleeds, seven CRNMB events, six MACNE incidents, two venous thromboembolisms, and five fatalities. All but one bleeding occurrence transpired in the SAPT group. The likelihood of maintaining DAPT at 12 months was elevated in patients who underwent PCI for acute coronary syndrome and those who experienced MACNE within one year post-PCI; however, these associations did not reach statistical significance.
AHRQ-funded; HS027960
Citation: Gamyroulas EM, Jones AE, Saunders JA .
Trends in antiplatelet strategies 12-months following coronary stent placement in anticoagulated patients.
BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2023 Mar 8;23(1):117. doi: 10.1186/s12872-023-03161-7.
Keywords: Blood Thinners, Medication, Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events
Kravchenko OV, Boyce RD, Gomez-Lumbreras A
Drug-drug interaction between dexamethasone and direct-acting oral anticoagulants: a nested case-control study in the national COVID cohort collaborative (N3C).
This study examined whether there is an association between thromboembolotic events (TEEs) and concomitant use of dexamethasone with either apixaban or rivaroxaban (both direct oral anticoagulants or DOACs) during treatment for COVID-19. The authors used data from the National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C) to conduct a nested case-control study. Eligible participants were adults over 18 years who were exposed to a DOAC for 10 or more consecutive days and exposure to dexamethasone at least 5 or more consecutive days. The study did not find a discernible association of TEE in patients concomitantly exposed to dexamethasone and a DOAC.
AHRQ-funded; HS025984.
Citation: Kravchenko OV, Boyce RD, Gomez-Lumbreras A .
Drug-drug interaction between dexamethasone and direct-acting oral anticoagulants: a nested case-control study in the national COVID cohort collaborative (N3C).
BMJ Open 2022 Dec 29; 12(12):e066846. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066846..
Keywords: COVID-19, Blood Thinners, Medication, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Cardiovascular Conditions, Medication: Safety, Patient Safety
Lai LY, Oerline MK, Caram MEV
Risk of metabolic and cardiovascular adverse events with abiraterone or enzalutamide among men with advanced prostate cancer.
Investigators examined the association between the use of abiraterone or enzalutamide and the risk of metabolic or cardiovascular adverse events while on treatment for advanced prostate cancer. They found that, compared with men not receiving abiraterone, men receiving abiraterone were at increased risk of both a major composite adverse event and a minor composite adverse event. Compared with men not receiving enzalutamide, men receiving enzalutamide were at an increased risk of a major composite adverse event but not a minor composite adverse event. They recommended careful monitoring and management of men on abiraterone or enzalutamide through team-based approaches.
AHRQ-funded; HS027507.
Citation: Lai LY, Oerline MK, Caram MEV .
Risk of metabolic and cardiovascular adverse events with abiraterone or enzalutamide among men with advanced prostate cancer.
J Natl Cancer Inst 2022 Aug 8;114(8):1127-34. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djac081..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Cancer, Risk, Adverse Events, Medication, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Medication: Safety, Patient Safety
Marcaccio CL, Patel PB, Wang S
Effect of postoperative antithrombotic therapy on lower extremity outcomes after infrapopliteal bypass for chronic limb-threatening ischemia.
This study’s goal was to examine the effects of different postoperative antithrombotic regimens on 3-year clinical outcomes after infrapopliteal bypass for chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI). The authors identified patients who had undergone infrapopliteal bypass for CLTI in the Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) registry from 2003 to 2017 with linkage to Medicare claims for long-term outcomes. They divided the patients into three cohorts according to the discharge antithrombotic regimen: single-antiplatelet therapy (SAPT; aspirin or clopidogrel), dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT; aspirin and clopidogrel), or anticoagulation (AC) plus any antiplatelet (AP) agent. To reduce selection bias, they restricted the analysis cohorts to patients treated by providers who discharged >50% of patients with each antithrombotic regimen. Their primary outcome was 3-year major adverse limb events (MALE; major amputation or reintervention). Among 1812 patients with a median follow-up time of >2 years, 693 (38%) were discharged with SAPT, 544 (30%) with DAPT, and 575 (32%) with AC+AP. At 3 years, MALE rates were 75% with DAPT, 74% with AC+AP, and 68% with SAPT. In adjusted analyses with SAPT as the reference group, no differences were found in 3-year MALE with DAPT or AC+AP. Across the treatment groups, we also found no differences in the individual end points of 3-year major amputation (DAPT: aHR, 0.98; AC+AP: aHR, 1.3), reintervention (DAPT: aHR, 1.0; AC+AP: aHR, 1.1), or mortality (DAPT: aHR, 1.1; AC+AP: aHR, 0.95).
AHRQ-funded; HS027285.
Citation: Marcaccio CL, Patel PB, Wang S .
Effect of postoperative antithrombotic therapy on lower extremity outcomes after infrapopliteal bypass for chronic limb-threatening ischemia.
J Vasc Surg 2022 May; 75(5):1696-706.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2022.01.011..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Medication, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Patient Safety, Surgery, Medication: Safety
Marcaccio CL, Patel PB, Liang P
Efficacy and safety of perioperative dual antiplatelet therapy with ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in carotid artery stenting.
This study’s objective was to compare the efficacy and safety of perioperative dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin/ticagrelor vs aspirin/clopidogrel in patients undergoing transfemoral carotid artery stenting (tfCAS) or transcarotid artery revascularization (TCAR). The authors identified all patients who underwent tfCAS or TCAR in the Vascular Quality Initiative registry from January 2016 to March 2021. They stratified patients by procedure and assessed outcomes using 1:3 propensity score-matched cohorts of patients who received perioperative aspirin/ticagrelor vs aspirin/clopidogrel. Among the cohort of 17,731 tfCAS patients, 593 (3.3%) received aspirin/ticagrelor and 11,404 (64%) received aspirin/clopidogrel. For the 2065 matched patients, no significant differences were found in the composite endpoint of stroke/death (aspirin/ticagrelor, 4.1%; vs aspirin/clopidogrel, 2.6%) or in the individual endpoints of stroke (2.9% vs 1.8%) or death (1.7% vs 1.1%). However, aspirin/ticagrelor was associated with a higher risk of bleeding (5.8% vs 2.8%). In a subgroup analysis of 297 tfCAS patients (14%) who received intraoperative protamine, no differences remained in stroke/death (1.5% vs 3.9%), and there was no longer a difference in bleeding (3.0% vs 2.6%). Among 17,946 TCAR patients, 453 (2.5%) received aspirin/ticagrelor and 13,696 (76%) received aspirin/clopidogrel. With the 1618 matched patients, no differences were found in stroke/death (0.7% vs 1.4%), stroke (0.2% vs 1.2%), death (0.5% vs 0.2%), or bleeding (1.2% vs 1.6%). For the 1429 TCAR patients (88%) who received protamine, no differences were found in stroke/death (0.8% vs 1.2%) or bleeding (0.6% vs 1.4%).
AHRQ-funded; HS027285.
Citation: Marcaccio CL, Patel PB, Liang P .
Efficacy and safety of perioperative dual antiplatelet therapy with ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in carotid artery stenting.
J Vasc Surg 2022 Apr; 75(4):1293-303.e8. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2021.09.045..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Medication, Stroke, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Patient Safety, Surgery
Feng Y, Pai CW, Seiler K
Adverse outcomes associated with inappropriate direct oral anticoagulant starter pack prescription among patients with atrial fibrillation: a retrospective claims-based study.
This retrospective analysis investigated the risk for bleeding events with higher dosing of direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) in the first 1-3 weeks of treatment for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Findings showed that patients who received an inappropriate DOAC prescription were more likely to identify as Black. Rates of ED visits, hospitalizations, and deaths overall were numerically lower in patients with starter pack DOAC prescriptions. In contrast, rates of ED visits and hospitalizations related to significant bleeding were numerically higher in patients with starter pack DOAC prescriptions. Among patients with AF but without acute venous thromboembolism, those who received an inappropriate DOAC starter pack had numerically higher rates of severe bleeding leading to ED visits and hospitalizations compared to those prescribed an appropriate non-starter pack DOAC anticoagulant.
AHRQ-funded; HS026874.
Citation: Feng Y, Pai CW, Seiler K .
Adverse outcomes associated with inappropriate direct oral anticoagulant starter pack prescription among patients with atrial fibrillation: a retrospective claims-based study.
J Thromb Thrombolysis 2021 May;51(4):1144-49. doi: 10.1007/s11239-020-02358-3..
Keywords: Blood Thinners, Medication, Medication: Safety, Medical Errors, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions
Barnes GD
Combining antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy in cardiovascular disease.
The author describes results of a number of randomized clinical trials that have explored different combinations of anticoagulation plus antiplatelet agents aimed at minimizing bleeding risk while preserving low thrombotic event rates. Findings include shorter courses with fewer antithrombotic agents as being effective, particularly when direct oral anticoagulants are combined with clopidogrel. Combined use of very low-dose rivaroxaban plus aspirin also demonstrated benefit in atherosclerotic diseases, including coronary and peripheral artery disease. Use of proton pump inhibitor therapy while patients were taking multiple antithrombotic agents had the potential to further reduce upper gastrointestinal bleeding risk in select populations. The author recommends that applying this evidence to patients with multiple thrombotic conditions will help to avoid costly and life-threatening adverse medication events.
AHRQ-funded; HS026874; HS026322.
Citation: Barnes GD .
Combining antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy in cardiovascular disease.
Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program 2020 Dec 4;2020(1):642-48. doi: 10.1182/hematology.2020000151..
Keywords: Blood Thinners, Medication, Medication: Safety, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Patient Safety, Cardiovascular Conditions
Abraham NS, Yang EH, Noseworthy PA
Fewer gastrointestinal bleeds with ticagrelor and prasugrel compared with clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndrome following percutaneous coronary intervention.
The goal of this study was to compare gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) rates associated with clopidogrel, prasugrel, and ticagrelor using national medical and pharmacy claims data from privately insured and Medicare Advantage enrollees. Findings showed that, in the first year following percutaneous coronary intervention for acute coronary syndrome, ticagrelor and prasugrel were associated with fewer GIB events compared with clopidogrel.
AHRQ-funded; HS025402.
Citation: Abraham NS, Yang EH, Noseworthy PA .
Fewer gastrointestinal bleeds with ticagrelor and prasugrel compared with clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndrome following percutaneous coronary intervention.
Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2020 Aug;52(4):646-54. doi: 10.1111/apt.15790..
Keywords: Medication: Safety, Medication, Blood Thinners, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Patient Safety, Cardiovascular Conditions, Surgery
Angraal S, Nuti SV, Masoudi FA
Digoxin use and associated adverse events among older adults.
The authors describe national-level trends of digoxin use, hospitalizations for toxicity, and subsequent outcomes over the past two decades. They found that, while digoxin prescriptions have decreased, the drug is still widely prescribed. However, the rate of hospitalizations for digoxin toxicity and adverse outcomes associated with these hospitalizations have decreased. They concluded that these findings reflect the changing clinical practice of digoxin use, aligned with the changes in clinical guidelines.
AHRQ-funded; HS025164; HS025402; HS025517.
Citation: Angraal S, Nuti SV, Masoudi FA .
Digoxin use and associated adverse events among older adults.
Am J Med 2019 Oct;132(10):1191-98. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2019.04.022.
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Keywords: Medication, Elderly, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Patient Safety, Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Hospitalization, Practice Patterns
Mentias A, Briasoulis A, Shantha G
Impact of heart failure type on thromboembolic and bleeding risk in patients with atrial fibrillation on oral anticoagulation.
Differential impact of heart failure (HF) category on thromboembolic and bleeding risk in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients on oral anticoagulation (OAC) is unknown. In this study, the investigators used Medicare data for beneficiaries with new AF diagnosed between 2011 and 2013 to identify patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), and no HF. The investigators concluded that in AF patients, HFrEF and HFpEF are both associated with higher risk of ischemic stroke, HF and AMI admissions, even after adjusting for OAC use, compared with patients without HF.
AHRQ-funded; HS023104.
Citation: Mentias A, Briasoulis A, Shantha G .
Impact of heart failure type on thromboembolic and bleeding risk in patients with atrial fibrillation on oral anticoagulation.
Am J Cardiol 2019 May 15;123(10):1649-53. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2019.02.027..
Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Blood Thinners, Medication, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Risk, Elderly, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Registries
Assimon MM, Brookhart MA, Flythe JE
Comparative cardiac safety of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors among individuals receiving maintenance hemodialysis.
This retrospective cohort study compared cardiac safety of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) among individuals receiving maintenance hemodialysis. These individuals may be particularly susceptible to lethal cardiac consequences of drug-induced QT prolongation due to a substantial cardiovascular disease burden and their use of many medications. Data from a cohort of Medicare beneficiaries receiving hemodialysis included in the US Renal Data system registry from 2007-2014 was used. Researchers compared the 1-year risk of death among hemodialysis patients taking different SSRIs. Use of higher QT-prolonging potential SSRIs (citalopram, escitalopram) was associated with a higher risk of sudden cardiac death than patients taking lower risk SSRIs (fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, sertraline). The association was higher among elderly individuals, females, patients with conduction disorders, and those treated with other non-SSRI QT-prolonging medications.
AHRQ-funded; HS026801.
Citation: Assimon MM, Brookhart MA, Flythe JE .
Comparative cardiac safety of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors among individuals receiving maintenance hemodialysis.
J Am Soc Nephrol 2019 Apr;30(4):611-23. doi: 10.1681/asn.2018101032..
Keywords: Medication, Medication: Safety, Patient Safety, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Kidney Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Chronic Conditions
Hickson RP, Cole AL, Dusetzina SB
Implications of removing rosiglitazone's black box warning and restricted access program on the uptake of thiazolidinediones and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors among patients with type 2 diabetes.
The purpose of this study was to describe trends over time in the initiation of rosiglitazone and pioglitazone-both in the thiazolidinedione (TZD) class-and medications from the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor class before and after the FDA removed a black box warning and restricted access program for rosiglitazone regarding an increased risk of myocardial infarction.
AHRQ-funded; HS000032.
Citation: Hickson RP, Cole AL, Dusetzina SB .
Implications of removing rosiglitazone's black box warning and restricted access program on the uptake of thiazolidinediones and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors among patients with type 2 diabetes.
J Manag Care Spec Pharm 2019 Jan;25(1):72-79. doi: 10.18553/jmcp.2019.25.1.072..
Keywords: Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Cardiovascular Conditions, Diabetes, Medication, Heart Disease and Health, Patient Safety
Lowenstern A, Al-Khatib SM, Sharan L
Interventions for preventing thromboembolic events in patients with atrial fibrillation: a systematic review.
The purpose of this review was to compare the effectiveness of therapies to prevent thromboembolic events and bleeding complications in adults with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF). Two independent reviewers screened citations in order to identify comparative studies of treatments to prevent stroke in adults with nonvalvular AF who reported thromboembolic or bleeding complications, then abstracted data from 220 selected articles, assessed study quality and applicability, and rated the strength of evidence. The article concludes that available direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are at least as effective and safe as warfarin for patients with nonvalvular AF and had similar benefits across several patient subgroups.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500004I.
Citation: Lowenstern A, Al-Khatib SM, Sharan L .
Interventions for preventing thromboembolic events in patients with atrial fibrillation: a systematic review.
Ann Intern Med 2018 Dec 4;169(11):774-87. doi: 10.7326/m18-1523..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Heart Disease and Health, Blood Thinners, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Medication, Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice
Borre ED, Goode A, Raitz G
Predicting thromboembolic and bleeding event risk in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: a systematic review.
This systematic review compared the strength of tools to predict stroke and bleeding risk in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) taking blood thinners. Sixty-one studies were found to predict thromboembolic risk and 38 to predict bleeding risk.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500004I.
Citation: Borre ED, Goode A, Raitz G .
Predicting thromboembolic and bleeding event risk in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: a systematic review.
Thromb Haemost 2018 Dec;118(12):2171-87. doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1675400..
Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Stroke, Blood Clots, Blood Thinners, Medication, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Risk, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice
Trivedi LU, Alvarez CA, Mansi IA
Association of statin therapy with risk of epilepsy in 2 propensity score-matched cohorts.
The objective of this study was to examine the association between statin use and epilepsy risk in a general population and in a healthy population (individuals with no severe comorbidities). The study did not demonstrate a significant beneficial or deleterious effect of statin use on risk of being diagnosed with epilepsy. The authors assert that clinicians should not withhold statins, whenever indicated, in patients with epilepsy.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Trivedi LU, Alvarez CA, Mansi IA .
Association of statin therapy with risk of epilepsy in 2 propensity score-matched cohorts.
Ann Pharmacother 2018 Jun;52(6):546-53. doi: 10.1177/1060028018756650..
Keywords: Medication, Medication: Safety, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Cardiovascular Conditions, Neurological Disorders, Risk
Leonard CE, Brensinger CM, Aquilante CL
Comparative safety of sulfonylureas and the risk of sudden cardiac arrest and ventricular arrhythmia.
This study examined the association between individual antidiabetic sulfonylureas and outpatient-originating sudden cardiac arrest and ventricular arrhythmia (SCA/VA). It concluded that glyburide may be associated with a lower risk of SCA/VA than glipizide, consistent with a very small clinical trial suggesting that glyburide may reduce ventricular tachycardia and isolated ventricular premature complexes.
AHRQ-funded; HS023898.
Citation: Leonard CE, Brensinger CM, Aquilante CL .
Comparative safety of sulfonylureas and the risk of sudden cardiac arrest and ventricular arrhythmia.
Diabetes Care 2018 Apr;41(4):713-22. doi: 10.2337/dc17-0294.
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Keywords: Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Cardiovascular Conditions, Medication, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Patient Safety
Lopes RD, Rordorf R, De Ferrari GM
Digoxin and mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation.
This study examined whether digoxin was independently associated with mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Digoxin is a widely used medication for AF. The association was assessed in 17,897 patients who were score-matched with control participants. Baseline digoxin was not associated with increased mortality, but patients with a serum digoxin concentration of greater or equal to 1.2 ng/ml had a 56% increased hazard of mortality.
AHRQ-funded; HS024310.
Citation: Lopes RD, Rordorf R, De Ferrari GM .
Digoxin and mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation.
J Am Coll Cardiol 2018 Mar 13;71(10):1063-74. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.060..
Keywords: Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Cardiovascular Conditions, Heart Disease and Health, Medication, Mortality, Risk
Childers CP, Maggard-Gibbons M, Ulloa JG
Perioperative management of antiplatelet therapy in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery following coronary stent placement: a systematic review.
Researchers conducted a systematic review on the use of antiplatelet therapy (APT) after non-cardiac surgery (NCS) following stent placement surgery done previously. There has been some debate among the American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association as to the guidelines of how long to delay NCS after stent placement. Out of 4,882 articles, only 16 were included in the review. All of them were small. Reviewers looked for rates of cardiac events and/or bleeding events with the different APT strategies used. There did not seem to be much difference in outcomes between the different strategies.
AHRQ-funded; HS025079.
Citation: Childers CP, Maggard-Gibbons M, Ulloa JG .
Perioperative management of antiplatelet therapy in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery following coronary stent placement: a systematic review.
Syst Rev 2018 Jan 10;7(1):4. doi: 10.1186/s13643-017-0635-z..
Keywords: Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Blood Thinners, Cardiovascular Conditions, Care Management, Medication, Outcomes, Surgery
Leonard CE, Hennessy S, Han X
Pro- and antiarrhythmic actions of sulfonylureas: Mechanistic and clinical evidence.
In this review, the authors explore the influence of sulfonylureas on the risk of serious arrhythmias, with specific foci on ischemic preconditioning, cardiac excitability, and serious hypoglycemia as putative mechanisms. They argue that elucidating the relationship between individual sulfonylureas and serious arrhythmias is critical, especially as the diabetes epidemic intensifies and sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) incidence increases in persons with diabetes.
AHRQ-funded; HS023898.
Citation: Leonard CE, Hennessy S, Han X .
Pro- and antiarrhythmic actions of sulfonylureas: Mechanistic and clinical evidence.
Trends Endocrinol Metab 2017 Aug;28(8):561-86. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2017.04.003.
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Keywords: Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Cardiovascular Conditions, Diabetes, Medication, Mortality
Newhall KA, Saunders EC, Larson RJ
Use of protamine for anticoagulation during carotid endarterectomy: a meta-analysis.
The researchers reviewed the evidence for and against protamine use at the conclusion of carotid endarterectomy (CEA), both in its association with increased thrombotic complications and with decreased bleeding. They concluded that based on available evidence, the use of protamine following CEA is associated with a reduction in bleeding complications, without increasing major thrombotic outcomes, including stroke, myocardial infarction, or death.
AHRQ-funded; HS021581.
Citation: Newhall KA, Saunders EC, Larson RJ .
Use of protamine for anticoagulation during carotid endarterectomy: a meta-analysis.
JAMA Surg 2016 Mar;151(3):247-55. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2015.3592.
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Keywords: Medication, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Registries, Cardiovascular Conditions
Du XL, Zhang Y
Risks of venous thromboembolism, stroke, heart disease, and myelodysplastic syndrome associated with hematopoietic growth factors in a large population-based cohort of patients with colorectal cancer.
This study sought to determine the relationship between the receipt of colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) and the risk of developing venous thromboembolism (VTE), stroke, heart disease, and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) in patients with colorectal cancer. It found that the use of ESAs was significantly associated with a substantially increased risk of MDS in patients with colorectal cancer.
AHRQ-funded; HS018956.
Citation: Du XL, Zhang Y .
Risks of venous thromboembolism, stroke, heart disease, and myelodysplastic syndrome associated with hematopoietic growth factors in a large population-based cohort of patients with colorectal cancer.
Clin Colorectal Cancer 2015 Dec;14(4):e21-31. doi: 10.1016/j.clcc.2015.05.007.
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Keywords: Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Cardiovascular Conditions, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Risk
O'Brien EC, Simon DN, Thomas LE
The ORBIT bleeding score: a simple bedside score to assess bleeding risk in atrial fibrillation.
The researchers sought to develop and validate a novel bleeding risk score using routinely available clinical information to predict major bleeding in a large, community-based in atrial fibrillation (AF) population. They concluded that their five-element ORBIT bleeding risk score had better ability to predict major bleeding in AF patients when compared with HAS-BLED and ATRIA risk scores.
AHRQ-funded; HS021092.
Citation: O'Brien EC, Simon DN, Thomas LE .
The ORBIT bleeding score: a simple bedside score to assess bleeding risk in atrial fibrillation.
Eur Heart J 2015 Dec 7;36(46):3258-64. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehv476.
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Keywords: Blood Thinners, Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Risk, Registries, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice