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- Ambulatory Care and Surgery (1)
- (-) Cancer (9)
- Cancer: Lung Cancer (1)
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- Diagnostic Safety and Quality (1)
- (-) Emergency Department (9)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 9 of 9 Research Studies DisplayedKhalaf N, Ali B, Liu Y
Emergency presentations predict worse outcomes among patients with pancreatic cancer.
This study evaluated the association between pancreatic emergency presentation (EP) and cancer stage, treatment, and survival. The authors conducted a retrospective cohort study among patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma diagnosed from 2007 to 2019 at a tertiary-care Veterans Affairs medical center. They used electronic health records to identify EP cases, defined as a new pancreatic cancer diagnosis made within 30 days of an ED visit where cancer was suspected. Of 243 identified pancreatic cancer patients, 66.7% had EPs. Although there was no difference in stage by EP status, patients diagnosed through EPs were 72% less likely to receive cancer treatment compared to non-emergency presenters. Patients with EPs also had a 73% higher mortality risk. This difference in mortality remained statistically significant after adjusting for cancer stage and receipt of cancer treatment.
AHRQ-funded; HS029347; HS028595.
Citation: Khalaf N, Ali B, Liu Y .
Emergency presentations predict worse outcomes among patients with pancreatic cancer.
Dig Dis Sci 2024 Feb; 69(2):603-14. doi: 10.1007/s10620-023-08207-6.
Keywords: Cancer, Emergency Department, Outcomes
Young AL, Monuteaux MC, Cooney TM
Predictors of delayed diagnosis of pediatric CNS tumors in the emergency department.
Delays in the diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) tumors in children may lead to adverse outcomes and undue burdens on families. The purpose of this study was to examine factors related with delayed emergency department (ED) diagnosis to identify approaches to reduce delays. Researchers included 2828 children, 76% were controls, 24% were cases). Among cases, 68% had 1 preceding ED visit, 21% had 2, and 11% had 3 or more. The study found significant predictors of delayed diagnosis included presence of a complex chronic condition, rural hospital location, nonteaching hospital status, age younger than 5 years, public insurance, and black race.
AHRQ-funded; HS026503.
Citation: Young AL, Monuteaux MC, Cooney TM .
Predictors of delayed diagnosis of pediatric CNS tumors in the emergency department.
Pediatr Emerg Care 2023 Aug; 39(8):617-22. doi: 10.1097/pec.0000000000002943..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Cancer, Emergency Department
Ray EM, Hinton SP, Reeder-Hayes KE
Risk factors for return to the emergency department and readmission in patients with hospital-diagnosed advanced lung cancer.
The objectives of this study were to examine the patterns of care and risk factors for subsequent acute care utilization among patients with hospital-diagnosed advanced lung cancer (ALC). Researchers identified patients with incident ALC from 2007-13 and an index hospitalization within 7 days of diagnosis in Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare. Results showed that more than half of the incident ALC patients were hospitalized around the time of diagnosis; among those who survived to discharge, only 37% received systemic cancer treatment. Many patients experienced an early readmittance and most died within 6 months. The researchers conclude that such patients may benefit from increased access to palliative and other supportive care during hospitalization to prevent subsequent health care utilization.
AHRQ-funded; HS000032.
Citation: Ray EM, Hinton SP, Reeder-Hayes KE .
Risk factors for return to the emergency department and readmission in patients with hospital-diagnosed advanced lung cancer.
Med Care 2023 Apr;61(4):237-46. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000001829.
Keywords: Emergency Department, Hospital Readmissions, Cancer: Lung Cancer, Cancer, Risk
Hong AS, Nguyen DQ, Lee SC
Prior frequent emergency department use as a predictor of emergency department visits after a new cancer diagnosis.
This study’s objective was to determine whether emergency department (ED) visit history prior to cancer diagnosis is associated with ED visit volume after cancer diagnosis. This retrospective cohort study included adults with an incident cancer diagnosis (excluding nonmelanoma skin cancers or leukemia) at an academic medical center between 2008 and 2018 and a safety-net hospital between 2012 and 2016. Primary outcome was the number of ED visits in the first 6 months after cancer diagnosis. Among 35,090 patients with cancer, 57% had ≥ 1 ED visit in the 6 months immediately following cancer diagnosis and 20% had ≥ 1 ED visit in the 6-12 months prior to cancer diagnosis. The strongest predictor of postdiagnosis ED visits was frequent (4 or more) prediagnosis ED visits. Other covariates associated with greater postdiagnosis ED use was having 1-3 prediagnosis ED visits, Hispanic and Black race, homelessness, advanced-stage cancer, and treatment regiments including chemotherapy.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Hong AS, Nguyen DQ, Lee SC .
Prior frequent emergency department use as a predictor of emergency department visits after a new cancer diagnosis.
JCO Oncol Pract 2021 Nov;17(11):1738-e52. doi: 10.1200/op.20.00889..
Keywords: Emergency Department, Cancer
Hong AS, Chang H, Courtney DM
Patterns and results of triage advice before emergency department visits made by patients with cancer.
This study investigated the use of telephone triage for acute care for patients with cancer undergoing treatment. Findings showed that, although patients self-referred for six of every ten emergency department (ED) visits, self-referred visits were not more severe. When patients called for advice, clinicians regularly recommended the ED. Recommendations included better understanding of barriers that patients and clinicians experienced when trying to access non-ED acute care.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Hong AS, Chang H, Courtney DM .
Patterns and results of triage advice before emergency department visits made by patients with cancer.
JCO Oncol Pract 2021 Apr;17(4):e564-e74. doi: 10.1200/op.20.00617..
Keywords: Emergency Department, Cancer
Mueller EL, Jacob SA, Cochrane AR
Variation in hospital admission from the emergency department for children with cancer: a pediatric health information system study.
Children with cancer experience a wide range of conditions that require urgent evaluation in the emergency department (ED), yet variation in admission rates is poorly documented. In this study, the investigators performed a retrospective cohort study using the Pediatric Health Information System of ED encounters by children with cancer between July 2012 and June 2015. They concluded that the percentage of children with cancer admitted through the ED varied widely by institution and diagnosis.
AHRQ-funded; HS026390.
Citation: Mueller EL, Jacob SA, Cochrane AR .
Variation in hospital admission from the emergency department for children with cancer: a pediatric health information system study.
Pediatr Blood Cancer 2020 Jun;67(6):e28140. doi: 10.1002/pbc.28140..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Cancer, Emergency Department, Hospitalization
Hong AS, Sadeghi N, Harvey V
Characteristics of emergency department visits and select predictors of hospitalization for adults with newly diagnosed cancer in a safety-net health system.
There is little description of emergency department (ED) visits and subsequent hospitalizations among a safety-net cancer population. In this study, the investigators characterized patterns of ED visits and explored nonclinical predictors of subsequent hospitalization, including time of ED arrival. They concluded that ED visits are common among safety-net patients with newly diagnosed cancer, and hospitalizations may be influenced by nonclinical factors.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Hong AS, Sadeghi N, Harvey V .
Characteristics of emergency department visits and select predictors of hospitalization for adults with newly diagnosed cancer in a safety-net health system.
J Oncol Pract 2019 Jun;15(6):e490-e500. doi: 10.1200/jop.18.00614..
Keywords: Cancer, Emergency Department, Hospitalization, Hospital Discharge
Hongs S AS, Froehlich T, Clayton Hobbs S
Impact of a cancer urgent care clinic on regional emergency department visits.
In this study, the researchers investigated whether the creation of an urgent care clinic specifically for patients with cancer affected emergency department visits among adults newly diagnosed with cancer? They concluded that although only one in eight emergency department-visiting patients also used the urgent care clinic, the growth rate of emergency department visits fell by half after the urgent care clinic was established.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Hongs S AS, Froehlich T, Clayton Hobbs S .
Impact of a cancer urgent care clinic on regional emergency department visits.
J Oncol Pract 2019 Jun;15(6):e501-e09. doi: 10.1200/jop.18.00743..
Keywords: Cancer, Emergency Department, Hospitalization, Healthcare Utilization, Ambulatory Care and Surgery
Mueller EL, Sabbatini A, Gebremariam A
Why pediatric patients with cancer visit the emergency department: United States, 2006-2010.
The authors explored reasons prompting emergency department (ED) visits and factors associated with hospital admission among pediatric patients with cancer. They concluded that fever with neutropenia was the most common reason for ED visits among pediatric patients with cancer and was the condition most strongly associated with admission, and that socioeconomic factors appeared to influence ED disposition for this population.
AHRQ-funded; HS022982.
Citation: Mueller EL, Sabbatini A, Gebremariam A .
Why pediatric patients with cancer visit the emergency department: United States, 2006-2010.
Pediatr Blood Cancer 2015 Mar;62(3):490-5. doi: 10.1002/pbc.25288.
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Keywords: Cancer, Children/Adolescents, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Emergency Department, Hospitalization