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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 15 of 15 Research Studies DisplayedSaldanha IJ, Smith BT, Ntzani E
The Systematic Review Data Repository (SRDR): descriptive characteristics of publicly available data and opportunities for research.
Funded by the US Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), the Systematic Review Data Repository (SRDR) is a free, web-based, open-source, data management and archival platform for reviews. The objectives of this study were to describe (1) the current extent of usage of SRDR and (2) the characteristics of all projects with publicly available data on the SRDR website.
AHRQ-funded; HHSA290201500002I_HHSA29032012T.
Citation: Saldanha IJ, Smith BT, Ntzani E .
The Systematic Review Data Repository (SRDR): descriptive characteristics of publicly available data and opportunities for research.
Syst Rev 2019 Dec 20;8(1):334. doi: 10.1186/s13643-019-1250-y..
Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice, Data, Research Methodologies, Registries
Liang Q, Ward S, Pagani FD
Linkage of Medicare records to the interagency registry of mechanically assisted circulatory support.
This study merged Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support (INTERMACS) records with CMS Medicare claims regarding adults receiving durable FDA-approved mechanical circulatory support devices (MCSDs) in order to investigate the uncertainty of penetrance of Medicare beneficiaries within INTERMACS. The results indicated that there was an annual increase in CMS and INTERMACS centers performing durable MCSD implants among adults from 2008 to 2013, but the CMS centers outnumbered the INTERMAC centers throughout this period. Representation within INTERMACS of MCSDs implanted in Medicare beneficiaries more than doubled in 2013. The authors conclude that ‘the vast majority’ of Medicare beneficiaries receiving MCSDs are increasingly captured in INTERMACS, and that contemporary studies in INTERMACS are therefore relevant and generalizable to the Medicare population.
AHRQ-funded; HS022535.
Citation: Liang Q, Ward S, Pagani FD .
Linkage of Medicare records to the interagency registry of mechanically assisted circulatory support.
Ann Thorac Surg 2018 May;105(5):1397-402. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2017.11.044..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Heart Disease and Health, Data, Medicare, Registries
Liang Q, Ward S, Pagani FD
Linkage of Medicare records to the interagency registry of mechanically assisted circulatory support.
This study merged Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support (INTERMACS) records with CMS Medicare claims regarding adults receiving durable FDA-approved mechanical circulatory support devices (MCSDs) in order to investigate the uncertainty of penetrance of Medicare beneficiaries within INTERMACS. The results indicated that there was an annual increase in CMS and INTERMACS centers performing durable MCSD implants among adults from 2008 to 2013, but the CMS centers outnumbered the INTERMAC centers throughout this period. Representation within INTERMACS of MCSDs implanted in Medicare beneficiaries more than doubled in 2013. The authors conclude that ‘the vast majority’ of Medicare beneficiaries receiving MCSDs are increasingly captured in INTERMACS, and that contemporary studies in INTERMACS are therefore relevant and generalizable to the Medicare population.
AHRQ-funded; HS022535.
Citation: Liang Q, Ward S, Pagani FD .
Linkage of Medicare records to the interagency registry of mechanically assisted circulatory support.
Ann Thorac Surg 2018 May;105(5):1397-402. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2017.11.044..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Heart Disease and Health, Data, Medicare, Registries
Ong T, Pradhananga R, Holve E
A framework for classification of electronic health data extraction-transformation-loading challenges in data network participation.
The researchers conducted key-informant interviews with data partner representatives to survey the Extract, Transform, Load (ETL) process challenges faced in clinical data research networks (CDRNs) and registries. The paper concluded that overcoming ETL technical challenges requires significant investments in a broad array of information technologies and human resources. Identifying these technical obstacles can inform optimal resource allocation to minimize the barriers and cost of entry for new data partners into extant networks, which in turn can expand data networks' inclusiveness and diversity.
AHRQ-funded; HS019564.
Citation: Ong T, Pradhananga R, Holve E .
A framework for classification of electronic health data extraction-transformation-loading challenges in data network participation.
eGEMS 2017 Jun 13;5(1):10. doi: 10.5334/egems.222..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Data, Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Registries
Hu Z, Melton GB, Arsoniadis EG
Strategies for handling missing clinical data for automated surgical site infection detection from the electronic health record.
Proper handling of missing data is important for many secondary uses of electronic health record (EHR) data. Data imputation methods can be used to handle missing data, but their use for postoperative complication detection is unclear. Overall, models with missing data imputation almost always outperformed reference models without imputation that included only cases with complete data for detection of SSI overall achieving very good average area under the curve values.
AHRQ-funded; HS024532.
Citation: Hu Z, Melton GB, Arsoniadis EG .
Strategies for handling missing clinical data for automated surgical site infection detection from the electronic health record.
J Biomed Inform 2017 Apr;68:112-20. doi: 10.1016/j.jbi.2017.03.009.
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Keywords: Data, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Registries, Surgery, Injuries and Wounds, Health Information Technology (HIT), Quality Improvement, Quality of Care, Adverse Events
Cato KD, Bockting W, Larson E
Did I tell you that? Ethical issues related to using computational methods to discover non-disclosed patient characteristics.
Using the Belmont Report's principles of respect for persons, beneficence, and justice as a framework, the authors examined the ethical issues posed by electronic phenotyping. Ethical issues identified include the ability of the patient to consent for the use of their information, the ability to suppress pediatric information, and ensuring that the potential benefits justify the risks of harm to patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS022961.
Citation: Cato KD, Bockting W, Larson E .
Did I tell you that? Ethical issues related to using computational methods to discover non-disclosed patient characteristics.
J Empir Res Hum Res Ethics 2016 Jul;11(3):214-9. doi: 10.1177/1556264616661611.
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Keywords: Clinician-Patient Communication, Data, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Registries, Research Methodologies
Lee SJ, Grobe JE, Tiro JA
Assessing race and ethnicity data quality across cancer registries and EMRs in two hospitals.
The objective of this study was to characterize the quality of race/ethnicity data collection efforts. The authors assessed race and ethnicity data quality across cancer registries and electronic medical records in two hospitals. Their findings suggested that high-quality race/ethnicity data are attainable. Many of the "errors" in race/ethnicity data were caused by missing or "Unknown" data values.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Lee SJ, Grobe JE, Tiro JA .
Assessing race and ethnicity data quality across cancer registries and EMRs in two hospitals.
J Am Med Inform Assoc 2016 May;23(3):627-34. doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocv156..
Keywords: Cancer, Data, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Hospitals, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Registries
Zhu Y, Chen CY, Matsuyama Y
Comparative validity of methods to select appropriate cutoff weight for probabilistic linkage without unique personal identifiers.
The researchers aimed to assess the validity of probabilistic linkage in the absence of unique personal identifiers (UPI) and the methods of cutoff weight selection. They found that probabilistic linkage without UPI generated valid linkages when an optimal cutoff was chosen and concluded that histogram inspection, the duplicate method, and the odds formula method can be used in conjunction when a gold standard is not available.
AHRQ-funded; 29020050016I.
Citation: Zhu Y, Chen CY, Matsuyama Y .
Comparative validity of methods to select appropriate cutoff weight for probabilistic linkage without unique personal identifiers.
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2016 Apr;25(4):444-52. doi: 10.1002/pds.3832.
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Keywords: Data, Medical Devices, Registries
Bakken S, Reame N
The promise and potential perils of big data for advancing symptom management research in populations at risk for health disparities.
The purposes of this chapter are to (a) briefly summarize the current drivers for the use of big data in research; (b) describe the promise of big data and associated data science methods for advancing symptom management research; and (c) explicate the potential perils of big data and data science from the perspective of the ethical principles of autonomy, beneficence, and justice.
AHRQ-funded; HS022961.
Citation: Bakken S, Reame N .
The promise and potential perils of big data for advancing symptom management research in populations at risk for health disparities.
Annu Rev Nurs Res 2016;34:247-60. doi: 10.1891/0739-6686.34.247..
Keywords: Disparities, Data, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Registries
Zingmond DS, Parikh P, Louie R
Improving hospital reporting of patient race and ethnicity--approaches to data auditing.
This study investigated new metrics to improve the reporting of patient race and ethnicity (R/E) by hospitals. It examined agreement between hospital reported R/E versus self-report among mothers delivering babies and a cancer cohort in California. It concluded that comparison between reported R/E and R/E estimates using zip code level data may be a reasonable first approach to evaluate and track hospital R/E reporting.
AHRQ-funded; HS019963.
Citation: Zingmond DS, Parikh P, Louie R .
Improving hospital reporting of patient race and ethnicity--approaches to data auditing.
Health Serv Res 2015 Aug;50 Suppl 1:1372-89. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.12324..
Keywords: Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Hospitals, Hospital Discharge, Health Services Research (HSR), Registries, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care, Data
Naessens JM, Visscher SL, Peterson SM
Incorporating the last four digits of social security numbers substantially improves linking patient data from de-identified hospital claims databases.
The study objective was to assess algorithms for linking patients across de-identified databases without compromising confidentiality. It found that addition of SSNL4 to administrative data, accompanied by appropriate data use and data release policies, can enable trusted repositories to link data with nearly perfect accuracy.
AHRQ-funded; HS020043.
Citation: Naessens JM, Visscher SL, Peterson SM .
Incorporating the last four digits of social security numbers substantially improves linking patient data from de-identified hospital claims databases.
Health Serv Res 2015 Aug;50 Suppl 1:1339-50. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.12323..
Keywords: Data, Registries, Hospital Discharge, Health Information Technology (HIT)
Bigback KM, Hoopes M, Dankovchik J
Using record linkage to improve race data quality for American Indians and Alaska Natives in two Pacific Northwest State Hospital Discharge Databases.
This study aimed to evaluate and adjust for American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) racial misclassification in two hospital discharge datasets in the Pacific Northwest. It found that in Oregon, 55.4 percent of matching records were misclassified (66.5 percent miscoded white, and 22.1 percent were missing race information). Linkage increased ascertainment of AI/AN hospitalizations by 31.8 percent in Oregon and 33.9 percent in Washington.
AHRQ-funded; HS019972.
Citation: Bigback KM, Hoopes M, Dankovchik J .
Using record linkage to improve race data quality for American Indians and Alaska Natives in two Pacific Northwest State Hospital Discharge Databases.
Health Serv Res 2015 Aug;50 Suppl 1:1390-402. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.12331..
Keywords: Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Quality Improvement, Registries, Hospital Discharge, Data
Hannan EL, Qian F, Pine M
The value of adding laboratory data to coronary artery bypass grafting registry data to improve models for risk-adjusting provider mortality rates.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether the addition of laboratory data to the clinical database for coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) would identify laboratory variables that are significant independent predictors of short-term (in-hospital / 30-day) mortality. The researchers found that there was no significant difference in the discrimination of the registry model or the combined registry/laboratory model.
AHRQ-funded; HS019965.
Citation: Hannan EL, Qian F, Pine M .
The value of adding laboratory data to coronary artery bypass grafting registry data to improve models for risk-adjusting provider mortality rates.
Ann Thorac Surg 2015 Feb;99(2):495-501. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2014.08.043..
Keywords: Registries, Mortality, Risk, Surgery, Data
Setoguchi S, Zhu Y, Jalbert JJ
Validity of deterministic record linkage using multiple indirect personal identifiers: linking a large registry to claims data.
The researchers compared the validity of several deterministic record linkage methods with multiple indirect identifiers by using data from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) registry and administrative Medicare inpatient claims data. Linkage rules using 2 or 3 indirect, patient-level identifiers and hospital ID produced linkages with sensitivity of 95% and specificity of 98% compared with a gold standard linkage rule.
AHRQ-funded; 29020050016I; HS017731.
Citation: Setoguchi S, Zhu Y, Jalbert JJ .
Validity of deterministic record linkage using multiple indirect personal identifiers: linking a large registry to claims data.
Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2014 May;7(3):475-80. doi: 10.1161/circoutcomes.113.000294..
Keywords: Medical Devices, Medicare, Registries, Data, Inpatient Care
Wernli KJ, DeMartini WB, Ichikawa L
Patterns of breast magnetic resonance imaging use in community practice.
The researchers described patterns of breast MRI use in US community practice during the period 2005 through 2009. They found that the overall rate of breast MRI from 2005 through 2009 nearly tripled from 4.2 to 11.5 examinations per 1000 women, with the most rapid increase from 2005 to 2007.
AHRQ-funded; HS019482.
Citation: Wernli KJ, DeMartini WB, Ichikawa L .
Patterns of breast magnetic resonance imaging use in community practice.
JAMA Intern Med 2014 Jan;174(1):125-32. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.11963..
Keywords: Cancer: Breast Cancer, Data, Healthcare Utilization, Imaging, Registries