National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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- Adverse Events (1)
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- Quality of Care (1)
- Quality of Life (1)
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- Respiratory Conditions (1)
- Rural Health (1)
- Shared Decision Making (1)
- (-) Social Determinants of Health (14)
- Vulnerable Populations (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 14 of 14 Research Studies DisplayedHogg-Graham R, Benitez JA, Lacy ME
Association between community social vulnerability and preventable hospitalizations.
The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between variations in social vulnerability and preventable hospitalization rates. The researchers analyzed county-level preventable hospitalization rates for 33 states linked with data from the 2020 Social Vulnerability Index (SVI). The study found that preventable hospitalizations were 40% greater in the most vulnerable counties compared with the least vulnerable. Adjusted regression results confirm the strong relationship between social vulnerability and preventable hospitalizations.
AHRQ-funded; HS025494.
Citation: Hogg-Graham R, Benitez JA, Lacy ME .
Association between community social vulnerability and preventable hospitalizations.
Med Care Res Rev 2024 Feb; 81(1):31-38. doi: 10.1177/10775587231197248..
Keywords: Hospitalization, Social Determinants of Health
Carroll AR, Hall M, Noelke C
Association of neighborhood opportunity and pediatric hospitalization rates in the United States.
This study examined associations between a validated, multidimensional measure of social determinants of health and population-based hospitalization rates among children <18 years across 18 states from the 2017 Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project State Inpatient Databases and the US Census. Exposure was ZIP code-level Child Opportunity Index (COI), a composite measure of neighborhood resources and conditions that matter for children's health. The cohort included 614,823 hospitalizations among a population of 29,244,065 children, which measures at 21.02 hospitalizations per 1000. Adjusted hospitalization rates decreased significantly and in a stepwise fashion as COI increased, from 26.56 per 1000 in very low COI areas to 14.76 per 1000 in very high COI areas (incidence rate ratio 1.8). Decreasing neighborhood opportunity was associated with increasing hospitalization rates among children in the study.
AHRQ-funded; HS026122.
Citation: Carroll AR, Hall M, Noelke C .
Association of neighborhood opportunity and pediatric hospitalization rates in the United States.
J Hosp Med 2024 Feb; 19(2):120-25. doi: 10.1002/jhm.13252..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Children/Adolescents, Hospitalization, Social Determinants of Health
Vasan A, Morgan JW, Mitra N
Effects of a standardized community health worker intervention on hospitalization among disadvantaged patients with multiple chronic conditions: a pooled analysis of three clinical trials.
The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of a standardized community health worker (CHW) intervention on hospitalization. The investigators concluded that data from three randomized clinical trials across multiple settings showed that a standardized CHW intervention reduced total hospital days and hospitalizations outside the primary health system. They indicated that this study was the largest analysis of randomized trials to demonstrate reductions in hospitalization with a health system-based social intervention.
AHRQ-funded.
Citation: Vasan A, Morgan JW, Mitra N .
Effects of a standardized community health worker intervention on hospitalization among disadvantaged patients with multiple chronic conditions: a pooled analysis of three clinical trials.
Health Serv Res 2020 Oct;55(Suppl 2):894-901. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.13321..
Keywords: Hospitalization, Chronic Conditions, Vulnerable Populations, Social Determinants of Health, Community-Based Practice
Goto T, Yoshida K, Faridi MK
Contribution of social factors to readmissions within 30 days after hospitalization for COPD exacerbation.
This study examined whether adding social factors improved the predictive ability for 30-day hospital readmissions for COPD. Social factors include educational level and marital status. Out of 905 hospitalizations identified in the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey from 2006 through 2012, 18.5% were readmitted within 30 days. The optimized model including social factors for prediction improved for early readmissions but not for late readmissions.
AHRQ-funded; HS023305.
Citation: Goto T, Yoshida K, Faridi MK .
Contribution of social factors to readmissions within 30 days after hospitalization for COPD exacerbation.
BMC Pulm Med 2020 Apr 29;20(1):107. doi: 10.1186/s12890-020-1136-8..
Keywords: Respiratory Conditions, Hospital Readmissions, Hospitalization, Social Determinants of Health, Chronic Conditions
French DD, Wang A, Prager AJ
Association of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundations' social determinants of health and Medicare ocular hospitalizations: a cross sectional data analysis.
The purpose of this paper was to determine whether social determinants of health are associated with ocular hospitalizations. Results showed that, compared to an all-condition hospitalized population, ocular hospitalizations tended to have small, yet statistically significant, associations with health behaviors, socioeconomic, and physical environment factors. Further research is recommended on how these variables affect ocular health relative to all-cause hospitalizations.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078; HS000084.
Citation: French DD, Wang A, Prager AJ .
Association of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundations' social determinants of health and Medicare ocular hospitalizations: a cross sectional data analysis.
Ophthalmol Ther 2019 Dec;8(4):611-22. doi: 10.1007/s40123-019-00220-1..
Keywords: Social Determinants of Health, Eye Disease and Health, Hospitalization, Medicare
Roy B, Riley C, Herrin J
Associations between community well-being and hospitalisation rates: results from a cross-sectional study within six US states.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between community well-being, a positively framed, multidimensional assessment of the health and quality of life of a geographic community, and hospitalisation rates. The investigators found that community well-being was inversely associated with local hospitalisation rates. They suggest that in addition to health and quality-of-life benefits, higher community well-being may also result in fewer unnecessary hospitalisations.
AHRQ-funded; HS023000.
Citation: Roy B, Riley C, Herrin J .
Associations between community well-being and hospitalisation rates: results from a cross-sectional study within six US states.
BMJ Open 2019 Nov 27;9(11):e030017. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030017..
Keywords: Hospitalization, Health Status, Quality of Life, Healthcare Utilization, Social Determinants of Health
Phillips AZ, Rodriguez HP
Adults with diabetes residing in "food swamps" have higher hospitalization rates.
This study examined the relationship between ‘food swamps’ and hospitalization rates among adults with diabetes. Food Swamps are defined and measured by a ratio of fast food outlets to grocery stores within a given area. Data resources for this study included the Blue Cross Blue Shield Association Community Health Management Hub(R), AHRQ’s Health Care Cost and Utilization Project State Inpatient Databases, and HHS’s Area Health Resources File. The study concludes that higher hospitalization rates among adults with diabetes are significantly associated with food swamps, more so in rural than urban communities, and that improvements to local food environments may help to reduce this disparity.
AHRQ-funded; HS022241.
Citation: Phillips AZ, Rodriguez HP .
Adults with diabetes residing in "food swamps" have higher hospitalization rates.
Health Serv Res 2019 Feb;54(Suppl 1):217-25. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.13102..
Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Diabetes, Disparities, Nutrition, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospitalization, Social Determinants of Health
Stockwell DC, Landrigan CP, Toomey SL
Racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic disparities in patient safety events for hospitalized children.
Previous studies have revealed racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in quality of care and patient safety. However, these disparities have not been examined in a pediatric inpatient environment by using a measure of clinically confirmed adverse events (AEs). In this study, the investigators do so using the Global Assessment of Pediatric Patient Safety (GAPPS) Trigger Tool. The investigators concluded that the GAPPS analysis revealed racial and/or ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in rates of AEs experienced by hospitalized children across a broad range of geographic and hospital settings.
AHRQ-funded; HS020513; HS025299.
Citation: Stockwell DC, Landrigan CP, Toomey SL .
Racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic disparities in patient safety events for hospitalized children.
Hosp Pediatr 2019 Jan;9(1):1-5. doi: 10.1542/hpeds.2018-0131..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Disparities, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Social Determinants of Health, Hospitalization, Patient Safety, Quality of Care, Adverse Events
Davidov DM, Davis SM, Zhu M
AHRQ Author: Stocks C
Intimate partner violence-related hospitalizations in Appalachia and the non-Appalachian United States.
The objective of this study was to estimate the rate of intimate partner violence -related hospitalizations in Appalachia and the non-Appalachian United States for 2007-2011 and compare hospitalizations in each region by clinical and sociodemographic factors.. After adjusting for age and rurality, Appalachian counties had a 22 percent higher hospitalization rate than non-Appalachian counties.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Davidov DM, Davis SM, Zhu M .
Intimate partner violence-related hospitalizations in Appalachia and the non-Appalachian United States.
PLoS One 2017 Sep 8;12(9):e0184222. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184222.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Domestic Violence, Hospitalization, Social Determinants of Health, Rural Health
Spatz ES, Beckman AL, Wang Y
Geographic variation in trends and disparities in acute myocardial infarction hospitalization and mortality by income levels, 1999-2013.
The researchers sought to determine whether trends in US county-level, risk-standardized acute myocardial infarction (AMI) hospitalization and mortality rates varied by county-based median income level. They concluded that hospitalization and mortality rates of AMI declined among counties of all income levels, although hospitalization rates among low-income counties lag behind those of the higher income groups.
AHRQ-funded; HS023000.
Citation: Spatz ES, Beckman AL, Wang Y .
Geographic variation in trends and disparities in acute myocardial infarction hospitalization and mortality by income levels, 1999-2013.
JAMA Cardiol 2016 Jun 1;1(3):255-65. doi: 10.1001/jamacardio.2016.0382.
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Keywords: Disparities, Hospitalization, Heart Disease and Health, Mortality, Social Determinants of Health
Hwang SW, Chambers C, Katic M
Accuracy of self-reported health care use in a population-based sample of homeless adults.
The objective of this study was to assess the accuracy of self-reported ambulatory care visits, emergency department (ED) encounters, and overnight hospitalizations in a population-based sample of homeless adults.It found that adults experiencing homelessness are quite accurate reporters of their use of health care, especially for ED encounters and hospitalizations.
AHRQ-funded; HS014129.
Citation: Hwang SW, Chambers C, Katic M .
Accuracy of self-reported health care use in a population-based sample of homeless adults.
Health Serv Res 2016 Feb. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.12329..
Keywords: Hospitalization, Behavioral Health, Social Determinants of Health, Healthcare Utilization, Emergency Department
Sentell T, Miyamura J, Ahn HJ
Potentially preventable hospitalizations for congestive heart failure among Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders in Hawai'i.
The authors studied congestive heart failure (CHF) hospitalizations among racial groups. They found that high preventable CHF hospitalization rates are seen in some Asian and Pacific Islander groups, especially Native Hawaiians and Filipinos, who have these hospitalizations at younger ages than other studied groups.
AHRQ-funded; HS019990.
Citation: Sentell T, Miyamura J, Ahn HJ .
Potentially preventable hospitalizations for congestive heart failure among Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders in Hawai'i.
J Immigr Minor Health 2015 Oct;17(5):1289-97. doi: 10.1007/s10903-014-0098-4.
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Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Hospitalization, Prevention, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Social Determinants of Health
Eapen ZJ, McCoy LA, Fonarow CG
Utility of socioeconomic status in predicting 30-day outcomes after heart failure hospitalization.
The researchers investigated whether accounting for socioeconomic status (SES) can improve risk-adjusted models for 30-day outcomes among CMS beneficiaries hospitalized with heart failure. They found that county-level SES data are modestly associated with 30-day outcomes but do not improve risk adjustment models based on patient characteristics alone.
AHRQ-funded; HS021092.
Citation: Eapen ZJ, McCoy LA, Fonarow CG .
Utility of socioeconomic status in predicting 30-day outcomes after heart failure hospitalization.
Circ Heart Fail 2015 May;8(3):473-80. doi: 10.1161/circheartfailure.114.001879.
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Keywords: Shared Decision Making, Heart Disease and Health, Hospitalization, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Social Determinants of Health
Chambers C, Katic M, Chiu S
Predictors of medical or surgical and psychiatric hospitalizations among a population-based cohort of homeless adults.
This study identified factors associated with inpatient hospitalizations among a population-based cohort of homeless adults in Toronto, Ontario. Health care need was a strong predictor of medical or surgical and psychiatric hospitalizations. Some hospitalizations among homeless adults were potentially avoidable, whereas others represented an unavoidable use of health services.
AHRQ-funded; HS014129.
Citation: Chambers C, Katic M, Chiu S .
Predictors of medical or surgical and psychiatric hospitalizations among a population-based cohort of homeless adults.
Am J Public Health 2013 Dec;103 Suppl 2:S380-8. doi: 10.2105/ajph.2013.301646..
Keywords: Hospitalization, Social Determinants of Health, Behavioral Health, Health Status