National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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Topics
- Ambulatory Care and Surgery (2)
- Behavioral Health (1)
- Burnout (2)
- Care Coordination (1)
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- Chronic Conditions (1)
- Clinician-Patient Communication (2)
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- (-) Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS) (34)
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- Shared Decision Making (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 25 of 34 Research Studies DisplayedQuigley DD, Elliott MN, Slaughter ME
Shadow coaching improves patient experience with care, but gains erode later.
Health care organizations strive to improve patient care experiences. Some use one-on-one provider counseling (shadow coaching) to identify and target modifiable provider behaviors. In this study, the investigators examined whether shadow coaching improved patient experience across 44 primary care practices in a large urban Federally Qualified Health Center. The investigators concluded that shadow coaching improved providers' overall performance and communication immediately after being coached.
AHRQ-funded; HS025920.
Citation: Quigley DD, Elliott MN, Slaughter ME .
Shadow coaching improves patient experience with care, but gains erode later.
Med Care 2021 Nov;59(11):950-60. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000001629..
Keywords: Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Patient Experience, Provider Performance, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care, Primary Care
Roberts ET, Song Z, Ding L
Changes in patient experiences and assessment of gaming among large clinician practices in precursors of the merit-based incentive payment system.
Medicare's Merit-Based Incentive Payment System (MIPS), a public reporting and pay-for-performance program, adjusts clinician payments based on publicly reported measures that are chosen primarily by clinicians or their practices. Within precursor programs of the MIPS, this study examined 1) practices' selection of Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS) patient experience measures for quality scoring under pay-for-performance and 2) the association between mandated public reporting on CAHPS measures and performance on those measures.
AHRQ-funded; HS026727.
Citation: Roberts ET, Song Z, Ding L .
Changes in patient experiences and assessment of gaming among large clinician practices in precursors of the merit-based incentive payment system.
JAMA Health Forum 2021 Oct;2(10). doi: 10.1001/jamahealthforum.2021.3105..
Keywords: Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Patient Experience, Medicare, Provider Performance, Payment, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care
Fowler FJ, Brenner PS, Hargraves JL
Comparing web and mail protocols for administering Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems surveys.
This study’s objective was to compare results of using web-based and mail HCAHPS data collection protocols. The cohort included patients who were hospitalized in a New England Hospital. Patients who provided email addresses were randomized to 1 of 3 data collection protocols: web-only, web with postal mail follow-up, and postal mail only. Those who did not provide email addresses were surveyed by postal mail only. The study lasted 8 weeks. Measures looked at included response rates, characteristics of respondents, 6 composite measures of their patient experiences, and two ratings of the hospital. Web-only response rates were significantly lower than for mail or combined protocols, and those who had not provided email addresses also had lower response rates. Older adults over age 65 were more likely to respond to all protocols, especially for mail-only respondents. Respondents without email addresses were older, less educated, and reported worse health than those who had email addresses.
AHRQ-funded; HS016978.
Citation: Fowler FJ, Brenner PS, Hargraves JL .
Comparing web and mail protocols for administering Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems surveys.
Med Care 2021 Oct;59(10):907-12. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000001627..
Keywords: Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Hospitals, Health Information Technology (HIT), Quality Measures, Provider Performance, Quality of Care
Prasad T, Buta E, Cleary PD
Is patient-physician gender concordance related to the quality of patient care experiences?
There is great interest in identifying factors that are related to positive patient experiences such as physician communication style. Documented gender-specific physician communication and patient behavior differences raise the question of whether gender concordant relationships (i.e., both the provider and patient share the same gender) might affect patient experiences. The objective of this study was to assess whether patient experiences were more positive in gender concordant primary care relationships.
AHRQ-funded; HS016978.
Citation: Prasad T, Buta E, Cleary PD .
Is patient-physician gender concordance related to the quality of patient care experiences?
J Gen Intern Med 2021 Oct;36(10):3058-63. doi: 10.1007/s11606-020-06411-y..
Keywords: Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Patient Experience
Quigley DD, Slaughter ME, Gidengil C
Usefulness of child HCAHPS survey data for improving inpatient pediatric care experiences.
Quality improvement (QI) requires data, indicators, and national benchmarks. Knowledge about the usefulness of Child Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (Child HCAHPS) data are lacking. In this study the investigators examined quality leader and frontline staff perceptions about patient experience measurement and use of Child HCAHPS data for QI. The investigators surveyed children's hospital leaders and staff about their use of Child HCAHPS for QI, including measures from other studies. They compared scale and item means for leaders and staff and compared means to other studies.
AHRQ-funded; HS025920.
Citation: Quigley DD, Slaughter ME, Gidengil C .
Usefulness of child HCAHPS survey data for improving inpatient pediatric care experiences.
Hosp Pediatr 2021 Oct;11(10):e199-e214. doi: 10.1542/hpeds.2020-004283..
Keywords: Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Children/Adolescents, Hospitals, Patient Experience, Quality Improvement, Quality Measures, Quality of Care
Quigley DD, Qureshi N, AlMasarweh L
Using CAHPS patient experience data for patient-centered medical home transformation.
The purpose of this study was to examine how primary care practices used the Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS) survey and its patient-centered medical home (PCMH) items during their PCMH transition. The investigators concluded that CAHPS surveys were considered actionable for PCMH transformation and used in standardizing and coordinating care. The CAHPS PCMH items were considered integral to the continuous QI needed for moving beyond formal PCMH recognition and maximizing transformation.
AHRQ-funded; HS016980; HS025920.
Citation: Quigley DD, Qureshi N, AlMasarweh L .
Using CAHPS patient experience data for patient-centered medical home transformation.
Am J Manag Care 2021 Sep;27(9):e322-e29. doi: 10.37765/ajmc.2021.88745..
Keywords: Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Patient Experience, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Primary Care, Practice Improvement, Healthcare Delivery, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care
Meyers DJ, Rahman M, Mor V
Association of Medicare Advantage Star Ratings with racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic disparities in quality of care.
This cross-sectional study looked at racial/ethnic minority and socioeconomic disparities in ratings for Medicare Advantage (MA) plans, which disproportionately enroll these populations. A total of 1,578,564 enrollees were included in this analysis that used 22 measures of quality and satisfaction at the individual enrollee level, aggregated into simulated star ratings from 2-5 stratified by socioeconomic status (SES) and race/ethnicity. Low SES enrollees had simulated stratified star ratings 0.5 stars lower than individuals with high SES in the same contract. Black enrollees had simulated star ratings that were 0.3 stars lower and Hispanic enrollees had 0.1 lower simulated star ratings than White enrollees in the same contract. There was a larger difference in ratings with 4.5 to 5-star contracts with Black and Hispanic enrollees with Whites, and no statistical difference in 2.0 to 2.5 star-rated contracts. There was only low correlation between simulated ratings for enrollees of low SES and high SES.
AHRQ-funded; HS02705101.
Citation: Meyers DJ, Rahman M, Mor V .
Association of Medicare Advantage Star Ratings with racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic disparities in quality of care.
JAMA Health Forum 2021 Jun;2(6):e210793..
Keywords: Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Medicare, Patient Experience, Disparities, Quality Measures, Provider Performance, Quality of Care, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Chatterjee P, Qi M, Werner RM
Association of Medicaid expansion with quality in safety-net hospitals.
The authors compared changes in quality from 2012 to 2018 between safety net hospitals (SNHs) in states that expanded Medicaid vs those in states that did not. They found that, despite reductions in uncompensated care and improvements in operating margins, there appeared to be little evidence of quality improvement among SNHs in states that expanded Medicaid compared with those in states that did not.
AHRQ-funded; HS024266.
Citation: Chatterjee P, Qi M, Werner RM .
Association of Medicaid expansion with quality in safety-net hospitals.
JAMA Intern Med 2021 May;181(5):590-97. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.9142..
Keywords: Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Hospitals, Medicaid, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care
Willard-Grace R, Knox M, Huang B
Primary care clinician burnout and engagement association with clinical quality and patient experience.
Burnout and engagement are commonly conceptualized as opposite ends of a spectrum, and there is concern that high clinician burnout and lack of engagement may adversely impact patient care. In this study, the investigators matched self-reported data on burnout and engagement for 182 primary care clinicians with data on clinical quality (cancer screenings, hypertension and diabetes control) and patient experience (Clinician and Group Survey-Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems [CG-CAHPS] communication scores, overall rating, and likelihood to recommend the clinic).
AHRQ-funded; HS026067.
Citation: Willard-Grace R, Knox M, Huang B .
Primary care clinician burnout and engagement association with clinical quality and patient experience.
J Am Board Fam Med 2021 May-Jun;34(3):542-52. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2021.03.200515..
Keywords: Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Burnout, Patient Experience, Patient and Family Engagement, Provider: Clinician, Provider: Physician, Quality of Care, Provider: Nurse, Provider: Health Personnel
Kirby JB, Berdahl TA, Stone RA
AHRQ Author: Kirby JB, Berdahl TA
Perceptions of patient-provider communication across the six largest Asian subgroups in the USA.
Investigators sought to estimate racial/ethnic differences in perceptions of provider communication among the six largest Asian subgroups. Using MEPS data, they found that negative views of provider communication are not pervasive among all Asians but, rather, primarily reflect the perceptions of Chinese and, possibly, Vietnamese patients. They recommended that researchers, policymakers, health plan executives, and others who produce or use data on patients' experiences with health care avoid categorizing all Asians into a single group.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Kirby JB, Berdahl TA, Stone RA .
Perceptions of patient-provider communication across the six largest Asian subgroups in the USA.
J Gen Intern Med 2021 Apr;36(4):888-93. doi: 10.1007/s11606-020-06391-z..
Keywords: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Clinician-Patient Communication, Communication, Patient Experience, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Cultural Competence
Ahmedov M, Pourat N, Liu H
Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS®) survey of experiences with ambulatory healthcare for Asians and non-Hispanic Whites in the United States.
This paper discusses the results of the Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS®) Clinical and Group (CG-CAHPS) Adult Visit Survey 1.0 which includes data on care experiences to compare specific aspects of care of Asians and Whites. Most surveys were administered by mail with a sample comprised of 64% female, 89% White, 2% Asian, 39% 65 years or older, and 32% were high school graduates or less. Asians reported worse access, lower scores on office staff courtesy and helpfulness and rating their doctors, and were less likely to recommend their doctors to family/friends than did Whites.
AHRQ-funded; HS016980; HS016978.
Citation: Ahmedov M, Pourat N, Liu H .
Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS®) survey of experiences with ambulatory healthcare for Asians and non-Hispanic Whites in the United States.
J Patient Rep Outcomes 2021 Mar 24;5(1):29. doi: 10.1186/s41687-021-00303-3..
Keywords: Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Patient Experience, Quality of Care, Ambulatory Care and Surgery
Hays RD, Mallett JS, Haas A
Associations of CAHPS composites with global ratings of the doctor vary by Medicare beneficiaries' health status.
This study examines whether the association of care coordination with global ratings of one's personal doctor varies by number of chronic conditions and self-rated health. Results were consistent with the hypothesis that patients in worse health weigh care coordination more heavily in global physician assessments than patients in better health. Emphasis on improving care coordination, especially for patients in poorer health, may improve patients' overall assessments of their providers.
AHRQ-funded; HS016980; HS025920.
Citation: Hays RD, Mallett JS, Haas A .
Associations of CAHPS composites with global ratings of the doctor vary by Medicare beneficiaries' health status.
Med Care 2018 Aug;56(8):736-39. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000942..
Keywords: Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Quality of Care, Health Status, Medicare, Provider Performance
Quigley DD, Elliott MN, Setodji CM
Quantifying magnitude of group-level differences in patient experiences with health care.
The purpose of this paper is to review approaches for assessing magnitude of differences in patient experience scores between different providers. The authors suggest routine estimation of magnitude in patient experience research. More work is needed documenting magnitude of differences between providers to make patient experience data more interpretable and usable.
AHRQ-funded; HS016980.
Citation: Quigley DD, Elliott MN, Setodji CM .
Quantifying magnitude of group-level differences in patient experiences with health care.
Health Serv Res 2018 Aug;53 Suppl 1:3027-51. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.12828..
Keywords: Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Health Services Research (HSR), Patient Experience, Patient Experience, Quality Measures
Parast L, Burkhart Q, Gidengil C
Validation of new care coordination quality measures for children with medical complexity.
The purpose of this paper was to validate new caregiver-reported quality measures assessing care coordination services for children with medical complexity (CMC). Results showed that 19 newly-developed Family Experiences with Coordination of Care quality measures demonstrated convergent validity with previously-validated CAHPS measures. These new measures are valid for assessing the quality of care coordination services provided to CMC and may be useful for evaluating new models of care focused on improving these services.
AHRQ-funded; HS020506.
Citation: Parast L, Burkhart Q, Gidengil C .
Validation of new care coordination quality measures for children with medical complexity.
Acad Pediatr 2018 Jul;18(5):581-88. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2018.03.006..
Keywords: Care Coordination, Children/Adolescents, Chronic Conditions, Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Patient Experience, Quality Indicators (QIs), Quality Measures, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care
Al Danaf J, Chang BH, Shaear M
Surfacing and addressing hospitalized patients' needs: proactive nurse rounding as a tool.
This paper reported on rounding interventions employed at high performing hospitals, and provided three case studies on how proactive nurse rounding was successfully implemented to improve patient-centredness. The investigators concluded that proactive rounding interventions are a feasible approach to help surface and address hospitalized patients' needs in a timely manner.
AHRQ-funded; HS021921.
Citation: Al Danaf J, Chang BH, Shaear M .
Surfacing and addressing hospitalized patients' needs: proactive nurse rounding as a tool.
J Nurs Manag 2018 Jul;26(5):540-47. doi: 10.1111/jonm.12580..
Keywords: Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Hospitalization, Hospitals, Inpatient Care, Nursing, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient Experience, Quality Improvement
Hatfield LA, Zaslavsky AM
Separable covariance models for health care quality measures across years and topics.
Public quality reports for Medicare Advantage health plans include 11 measures of patient experiences reported in the annual Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems surveys. To summarize associations among measures and years, the authors model the variance-covariance matrix governing the plan-level vectors of yearly quality measures as a Kronecker product of an across-measure matrix and an across-year matrix, or a sum of such Kronecker products.
AHRQ-funded; HS016978.
Citation: Hatfield LA, Zaslavsky AM .
Separable covariance models for health care quality measures across years and topics.
Stat Med 2018 May 30;37(12):2053-66. doi: 10.1002/sim.7656..
Keywords: Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Quality Measures, Quality of Care, Patient Experience, Medicare
Parast L, Bardach NS, Burkhart Q
Development of new quality measures for hospital-based care of suicidal youth.
This study researched the value of 4 new quality measures developed to assess hospital-based care for suicidal youth. The four quality measures focused on counseling caregivers about restricting access to lethal means of self-harm, and the benefits and risks of antidepressant medications. They were divided into measures for the emergency department (ED) and inpatient measures. Survey field tests were conducted with caregivers of youth who were admitted to the ED or inpatient care for suicidality at 1 of 2 children’s hospitals between July 2013 and June 2014. Most caregivers did receive counseling about restricting their child’s access to lethal means of self-harm and also reported higher rates of counseling of benefits on antidepressants both in the ED and in the inpatient setting than the risks.
AHRQ-funded; HS020506.
Citation: Parast L, Bardach NS, Burkhart Q .
Development of new quality measures for hospital-based care of suicidal youth.
Acad Pediatr 2018 Apr;18(3):248-55. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2017.09.017..
Keywords: Caregiving, Children/Adolescents, Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Education: Patient and Caregiver, Emergency Department, Hospitalization, Hospitals, Inpatient Care, Behavioral Health, Prevention, Quality of Care, Quality Measures
Shaikh U, Yin HS, Mistry KB
AHRQ Author: Mistry KB
Leveraging medical conferences and webinars for hands-on clinical quality improvement: an intervention to improve health literacy-informed communication in pediatrics.
In this article, the authors describe the process and results with integrating a hands-on quality improvement learning session at the 2016 American Academy of Pediatrics meeting supplemented with virtual peer and expert support through webinars. Their results indicate that this process provided participants with the opportunity to improve clinical care through the use of health literacy–informed communication strategies.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Shaikh U, Yin HS, Mistry KB .
Leveraging medical conferences and webinars for hands-on clinical quality improvement: an intervention to improve health literacy-informed communication in pediatrics.
Am J Med Qual 2018 Mar/Apr;33(2):213-15. doi: 10.1177/1062860617719129.
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Keywords: Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Education: Continuing Medical Education, Health Literacy, Children/Adolescents, Quality Improvement
Yang L, Liu C, Huang C
Patients' perceptions of interactions with hospital staff are associated with hospital readmissions: a national survey of 4535 hospitals.
The researchers examined the extent to which patients' experience with hospital care is related to hospital readmission. Their finding suggests that hospitals with better staff responsiveness were significantly more likely to have lower 30-day readmissions for all conditions. The effect size depended on the baseline readmission rates, with the largest effect on hospitals in the upper 75th quartile.
AHRQ-funded; HS021844.
Citation: Yang L, Liu C, Huang C .
Patients' perceptions of interactions with hospital staff are associated with hospital readmissions: a national survey of 4535 hospitals.
BMC Health Serv Res 2018 Jan 29;18(1):50. doi: 10.1186/s12913-018-2848-9.
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Keywords: Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Hospitals, Patient Experience, Patient Experience, Hospital Readmissions
Martsolf GR, Gibson TB, Benevent R
AHRQ Author: Jiang HJ, Stocks C
An examination of hospital nurse staffing and patient experience with care: Differences between cross-sectional and longitudinal estimates.
The researchers studied the association between hospital nurse staffing and Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) scores. After controlling for unobserved hospital characteristics, they found that the positive influences of increased nurse staffing levels and skill mix were relatively small in size and limited to a few measures of patients' inpatient experience.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Martsolf GR, Gibson TB, Benevent R .
An examination of hospital nurse staffing and patient experience with care: Differences between cross-sectional and longitudinal estimates.
Health Serv Res 2016 Dec;51(6):2221-41. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.12462.
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Keywords: Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Nursing, Patient Experience, Patient Experience, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)
Melnick ER, Powsner SM
Empathy in the time of burnout.
The authors argue that before adding empathy measurements to the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) survey, it would be wise to consider that measurement fatigue contributes to burnout. Adding empathy measurements might reduce empathy: a perverse Hawthorne effect. A health care system hoping for more substantial physician-patient relationships must invest more in the well-being of its caregivers.
AHRQ-funded; HS021271.
Citation: Melnick ER, Powsner SM .
Empathy in the time of burnout.
Mayo Clin Proc 2016 Dec;91(12):1678-79. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2016.09.003.
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Keywords: Burnout, Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Hospitals, Patient Experience
Rajaram R, Saddat L, Chung J
Impact of the 2011 ACGME resident duty hour reform on hospital patient experience and processes-of-care.
The investigators evaluated the association between resident duty hour reform and measures of processes-of-care and patient experience. They concluded that the 2011 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education duty hour reform was not associated with improvements in process-of-care and patient experience measures.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078.
Citation: Rajaram R, Saddat L, Chung J .
Impact of the 2011 ACGME resident duty hour reform on hospital patient experience and processes-of-care.
BMJ Qual Saf 2016 Dec;25(12):962-70. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2015-004794.
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Keywords: Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Education: Continuing Medical Education, Quality of Care, Patient Experience, Patient Safety
Bilimoria KY, Barnard C
The new CMS Hospital Quality Star Ratings: the stars are not aligned.
This viewpoint paper discussed the Overall Hospital Quality Star Ratings, released by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, including issues concerning stakeholders. The authors recommended continuing vigorous work to improve the availability of meaningful measures. They concluded that current hospital rating systems do not provide comprehensive, relevant, accessible information, and current composites may mislead patients, payers, and hospitals; however, opportunities to provide meaningful hospital quality report cards are within reach.
AHRQ-funded; HS021857; HS024516.
Citation: Bilimoria KY, Barnard C .
The new CMS Hospital Quality Star Ratings: the stars are not aligned.
JAMA 2016 Nov 1;316(17):1761-62. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.13679.
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Keywords: Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Quality of Care, Hospitals, Quality Improvement, Quality Measures
Dorr DA, Anastas T, Ramsey K
Effect of a pragmatic, cluster-randomized controlled trial on patient experience with care: The Transforming Outcomes for Patients Through Medical Home Evaluation and reDesign (TOPMED) Study.
This study's objective is to understand whether focusing on high value elements (HVEs) would improve patient experience with care. The authors found that practices targeting HVEs showed significantly more improvement in patient experience of care. However, contemporaneous trends may have affected results, leading to declines in patient experience.
AHRQ-funded; HS017832.
Citation: Dorr DA, Anastas T, Ramsey K .
Effect of a pragmatic, cluster-randomized controlled trial on patient experience with care: The Transforming Outcomes for Patients Through Medical Home Evaluation and reDesign (TOPMED) Study.
Med Care 2016 Aug;54(8):745-51. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000552.
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Keywords: Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient Experience
Cleary PD
Evolving concepts of patient-centered care and the assessment of patient care experiences: optimism and opposition.
Improving the infrastructure supporting certain aspects of care may have broad effects because system changes can influence multiple outcomes. Thus, rather than detract from general quality improvement efforts, making changes that facilitate patient-centered care may lead to broader improvements. There is good reason to be optimistic that our health care system will increasingly be "patient centered."
AHRQ-funded; HS016978.
Citation: Cleary PD .
Evolving concepts of patient-centered care and the assessment of patient care experiences: optimism and opposition.
J Health Polit Policy Law 2016 Aug;41(4):675-96. doi: 10.1215/03616878-3620881.
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Keywords: Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient Experience, Quality of Care, Quality Improvement