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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 6 of 6 Research Studies DisplayedSjoding MW, Cooke CR, Iwashyna TJ
Acute respiratory distress syndrome measurement error. Potential effect on clinical study results.
This study investigated how the degree of variability in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) measurement commonly reported in clinical studies affects study power, the accuracy of treatment effect estimates, and the measured strength of risk factor associations. It found that lower reliability measurement of ARDS during patient enrollment in randomized controlled trials seriously degraded study power and effect size estimates of clinical studies.
AHRQ-funded; HS020672.
Citation: Sjoding MW, Cooke CR, Iwashyna TJ .
Acute respiratory distress syndrome measurement error. Potential effect on clinical study results.
Ann Am Thorac Soc 2016 Jul;13(7):1123-8. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201601-072OC.
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Keywords: Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Research Methodologies, Respiratory Conditions
Brodsky MB, Suiter DM, Gonzalez-Fernandez M
Screening accuracy for aspiration using bedside water swallow tests: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
This study evaluated screening accuracy of bedside water swallow tests used to identify patients at risk for dysphagia-associated aspiration, finding that currently-used tests offer sufficient screening.
AHRQ-funded; HS022331.
Citation: Brodsky MB, Suiter DM, Gonzalez-Fernandez M .
Screening accuracy for aspiration using bedside water swallow tests: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Chest 2016 Jul;150(1):148-63. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2016.03.059.
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Keywords: Respiratory Conditions, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Pneumonia
Thompson CF, Price CP, Huang JH
A pilot study of symptom profiles from a polyp vs an eosinophilic-based classification of chronic rhinosinusitis.
Researchers hypothesized that appropriate chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) subclassification would increase homogeneity of baseline symptoms, and identify characteristic symptoms of each subtype. They found that subclassifying CRS with symptoms alone is difficult with neither polyp status nor eosinophilia giving a distinctive clinical symptom profile. However, certain symptoms may help otolaryngologists identify CRS subtypes, which may help guide future treatments.
AHRQ-funded; HS023011.
Citation: Thompson CF, Price CP, Huang JH .
A pilot study of symptom profiles from a polyp vs an eosinophilic-based classification of chronic rhinosinusitis.
Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2016 May;6(5):500-7. doi: 10.1002/alr.21687.
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Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Respiratory Conditions
Kelly MS, Smieja M, Luinstra K
Association of respiratory viruses with outcomes of severe childhood pneumonia in Botswana.
The authors examined whether detection of respiratory viruses predicts acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRI) outcomes in low- and middle-income countries. They found that respiratory viruses were detected from most children hospitalized with ALRI in Botswana, but only respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human metapneumovirus were more frequent than among children without ALRI. Further, detection of RSV from children with ALRI predicted a protracted illness course but lower mortality compared with non-RSV viruses.
AHRQ-funded; HS020939.
Citation: Kelly MS, Smieja M, Luinstra K .
Association of respiratory viruses with outcomes of severe childhood pneumonia in Botswana.
PLoS One 2015 May 14;10(5):e0126593. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126593.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Pneumonia, Respiratory Conditions
Linder JA
Sore throat: avoid overcomplicating the uncomplicated.
In this editorial, the author described issues involving sore throat diagnosis and delineated various points concerning an article within the same journal issue, concluding that physicians should remember that the prevalence of group A streptococcus in adults with a sore throat is approximately 10%; and that they should use the Centor scoring criteria; selectively use rapid antigen-detection testing; limit antibiotic treatment to patients most likely to have group A streptococcus; and most of the time when prescribing antibiotics, use penicillin.
AHRQ-funded; HS018419.
Citation: Linder JA .
Sore throat: avoid overcomplicating the uncomplicated.
Ann Intern Med 2015 Feb 17;162(4):311-2. doi: 10.7326/m14-2899.
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Keywords: Antibiotics, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Infectious Diseases, Medication, Pneumonia, Respiratory Conditions, Practice Patterns
Smith SS, Ference EH, Evans CT
The prevalence of bacterial infection in acute rhinosinusitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
The primary objective of this systematic review of 29 studies was to assess the prevalence of bacterial infection in adults with clinically diagnosed acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) who undergo culture from antral puncture or endoscopically directed middle meatus culture. The review provides evidence that the prevalence of bacterial infection in patients with clinically diagnosed ARS remains poorly defined, but is likely greater than the 0.5% to 2% figure previously widely quoted.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078.
Citation: Smith SS, Ference EH, Evans CT .
The prevalence of bacterial infection in acute rhinosinusitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Laryngoscope 2015 Jan;125(1):57-69. doi: 10.1002/lary.24709..
Keywords: Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Imaging, Respiratory Conditions