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AHRQ Research Studies Date
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- Adverse Events (1)
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- (-) Comparative Effectiveness (18)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 18 of 18 Research Studies DisplayedBerkman ND, Lohr KN, Ansari MT, et al.
AHRQ Author: Chang S
Grading the strength of a body of evidence when assessing health care interventions: an EPC update.
The purpose of this article is to revise the 2010 guidance on grading the strength of evidence (SOE) of the effectiveness of drugs, devices, and other preventive and therapeutic interventions produced by AHRQ’s Evidence-based Practice Center program. It concluded that no single approach for grading SOE suits all reviews, but a more consistent and transparent approach to reporting summary information will make reviews more useful.
AHRQ authored; AHRQ-funded 290200710056I
Citation: Berkman ND, Lohr KN, Ansari MT, et al..
Grading the strength of a body of evidence when assessing health care interventions: an EPC update.
J Clin Epidemiol. 2015 Nov;68(11):1312-24. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2014.11.023..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice, Research Methodologies, Quality Measures
Berkman ND, Lohr KN, Ansari MT
Grading the strength of a body of evidence when assessing health care interventions: an EPC update.
The authors discussed the state of revision of 2010 guidance on grading the strength of evidence (SOE) of the effectiveness of drugs, devices, and other preventive and therapeutic interventions in systematic reviews produced by AHRQ's Evidence-based Practice Center (EPC) program. They concluded that EPC working groups will consider ongoing challenges and modify guidance as needed, on issues such as combining trials and observational studies in bodies of evidence, weighting domains, and combining qualitative and quantitative syntheses.
AHRQ-funded; 290200710056I.
Citation: Berkman ND, Lohr KN, Ansari MT .
Grading the strength of a body of evidence when assessing health care interventions: an EPC update.
J Clin Epidemiol 2015 Nov;68(11):1312-24. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2014.11.023.
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Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice, Quality of Care, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Research Methodologies
Bangalore S, Ogedegbe G, Gyamfi J
Outcomes with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors vs other antihypertensive agents in hypertensive blacks.
The study’s objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors when compared with other antihypertensive agents in hypertensive blacks. It found that in a large cohort of hypertensive blacks, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors were associated with less benefit when compared with calcium channel blockers or thiazide diuretics.
AHRQ-funded; HS018589.
Citation: Bangalore S, Ogedegbe G, Gyamfi J .
Outcomes with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors vs other antihypertensive agents in hypertensive blacks.
Am J Med 2015 Nov;128(11):1195-203. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.04.034..
Keywords: Blood Pressure, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Medication, Outcomes, Cardiovascular Conditions, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice, Comparative Effectiveness
Whicher DM, Miller JE, Dunham KM
Gatekeepers for pragmatic clinical trials.
The authors provided a framework to help guide gatekeepers' decision-making related to the use of resources for pragmatic clinical trials. They stated that recognition of the complex set of considerations that should inform decision-making will guide gatekeepers in making justifiable choices regarding the use of limited and valuable resources.
AHRQ-funded; HS000029.
Citation: Whicher DM, Miller JE, Dunham KM .
Gatekeepers for pragmatic clinical trials.
Clin Trials 2015 Oct;12(5):442-8. doi: 10.1177/1740774515597699.
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Keywords: Decision Making, Evidence-Based Practice, Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Research Methodologies
Chou R, Hashimoto R, Friedly J
Epidural corticosteroid injections for radiculopathy and spinal stenosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
The researchers reviewed evidence on the benefits and harms of epidural corticosteroid injections in adults with radicular low back pain or spinal stenosis of any duration. They concluded that epidural corticosteroid injections for radiculopathy were associated with immediate reductions in pain and function. However, benefits were small and not sustained, and there was no effect on long-term surgery risk.
AHRQ-funded; 290201200014I.
Citation: Chou R, Hashimoto R, Friedly J .
Epidural corticosteroid injections for radiculopathy and spinal stenosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Ann Intern Med 2015 Sep 1;163(5):373-81. doi: 10.7326/m15-0934.
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Keywords: Medication, Back Health and Pain, Chronic Conditions, Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice
Haney E, Smith ME, McDonagh M
Diagnostic methods for myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome: a systematic review for a National Institutes of Health Pathways to Prevention Workshop.
The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate and compare studies of methods to diagnose myalgic encephalomyelitis /chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), identify limitations of current studies, and determine needs for future research. It found that 9 sets of clinical criteria are used to define ME/CFS, yet none of the current diagnostic methods have been adequately tested to identify patients with ME/CFS when diagnostic uncertainty exists.
AHRQ-funded; 290201200014I.
Citation: Haney E, Smith ME, McDonagh M .
Diagnostic methods for myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome: a systematic review for a National Institutes of Health Pathways to Prevention Workshop.
Ann Intern Med 2015 Jun 16;162(12):834-40. doi: 10.7326/m15-0443..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Evidence-Based Practice
Smith ME, Haney E, McDonagh M
Treatment of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome: a systematic review for a National Institutes of Health Pathways to Prevention Workshop.
This review evaluates and summarizes research on the benefits and harms of medical and nonmedical treatments for myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) based on trials enrolling patients meeting criteria for ME, CFS, or both. It concluded that trials of rintatolimod, counseling therapies, and graded exercise therapy suggest benefit for some patients meeting case definitions for CFS, whereas evidence for other treatments and harms is insufficient.
AHRQ-funded; 290201200014I.
Citation: Smith ME, Haney E, McDonagh M .
Treatment of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome: a systematic review for a National Institutes of Health Pathways to Prevention Workshop.
Ann Intern Med 2015 Jun 16;162(12):841-50. doi: 10.7326/m15-0114..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice, Treatments
Whicher D, Kass N, Faden R
Stakeholders' views of alternatives to prospective informed consent for minimal-risk pragmatic comparative effectiveness trials.
This paper reports on interviews with Institutional Review Board members and researchers and on focus groups with patients from Geisinger and Johns Hopkins health systems, with the objective of eliciting participants' views of the acceptability of four different disclosure and authorization models for low-risk pragmatic comparative effectiveness trials of widely-used therapies. Results suggested that many participants believed that it was acceptable to streamline information disclosure and to use an opt-out process for eligible individuals who would prefer not to participate.
AHRQ-funded; HS021064.
Citation: Whicher D, Kass N, Faden R .
Stakeholders' views of alternatives to prospective informed consent for minimal-risk pragmatic comparative effectiveness trials.
J Law Med Ethics 2015 Summer;43(2):397-409. doi: 10.1111/jlme.12256.
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Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Research Methodologies
Francis DO, Krishnaswami S, Mcpheeters M
Treatment of ankyloglossia and breastfeeding outcomes: a systematic review.
This systematic review of literature on surgical and nonsurgical treatments for infants with ankyloglossia, a condition restricting tongue mobility in infants, found that frenotomy may be associated with mother-reported improvements in breastfeeding, and potentially in nipple pain. Since the existing studies are small and short-term with inconsistent methodology, the strength of the evidence is low to insufficient.
AHRQ-funded; 290201200009I.
Citation: Francis DO, Krishnaswami S, Mcpheeters M .
Treatment of ankyloglossia and breastfeeding outcomes: a systematic review.
Pediatrics 2015 Jun;135(6):e1458-66. doi: 10.1542/peds.2015-0658..
Keywords: Breast Feeding, Outcomes, Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice, Newborns/Infants
Singh JA, Akhras KS, Shiozawa A
Comparative effectiveness of urate lowering with febuxostat versus allopurinol in gout: analyses from large U.S. managed care cohort.
The researchers sought to assess the comparative effectiveness of febuxostat and allopurinol in reducing serum urate (sUA) levels in a real-world U.S. managed care setting. It concluded that febuxostat was more effective than allopurinol at the currently used doses in lowering sUA in gout patients as demonstrated by post-index mean sUA level, the likelihood of and the time to achieving sUA goals.
AHRQ-funded; HS021110.
Citation: Singh JA, Akhras KS, Shiozawa A .
Comparative effectiveness of urate lowering with febuxostat versus allopurinol in gout: analyses from large U.S. managed care cohort.
Arthritis Res Ther 2015 May 12;17(1):120. doi: 10.1186/s13075-015-0624-3..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice, Medication, Treatments
Carman KL, Mallery C, Maurer M
Effectiveness of public deliberation methods for gathering input on issues in healthcare: results from a randomized trial.
The researchers conducted a 5-arm randomized controlled trial, assigning participants to one of four deliberative methods or to a reading materials only control group. They found that participating in deliberation increased participants' knowledge of evidence and comparative effectiveness research and shifted participants' attitudes regarding the role of evidence in decision-making.
AHRQ-funded; 290201000005C.
Citation: Carman KL, Mallery C, Maurer M .
Effectiveness of public deliberation methods for gathering input on issues in healthcare: results from a randomized trial.
Soc Sci Med 2015 May;133:11-20. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.03.024..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice, Research Methodologies, Decision Making
Cottrell EK, Whitlock EP, Kato E
AHRQ Author: Kato E
Defining the benefits and challenges of stakeholder engagement in systematic reviews.
The researchers examined the following questions: 1) what are the expected benefits of involving stakeholders in systematic reviews, and 2) what are the perceived challenges of involving stakeholders in systematic reviews? Using a literature scan and series of key informant interviews, they identified expected benefits such as establishing credibility and anticipating controversy. Challenges included time, training, resources and finding the right people.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded; 290201200004C
Citation: Cottrell EK, Whitlock EP, Kato E .
Defining the benefits and challenges of stakeholder engagement in systematic reviews.
Comp Eff Rev. 2015 Apr;5:13-19..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Research Methodologies
Vogel JA, Haukoos JS, Erickson CL
Is long-axis view superior to short-axis view in ultrasound-guided central venous catheterization?
The authors evaluated whether using long-axis or short-axis view during ultrasound-guided internal jugular and subclavian central venous catheterization results in fewer skin breaks, decreased time to cannulation, and fewer posterior wall penetrations. They found the long-axis view for the internal jugular more efficient than the short-axis view with fewer redirections; the long-axis view for subclavian central venous catheterization more efficient with decreased time to cannulation and fewer redirections; the long-axis approach to subclavian central venous catheterization associated with fewer posterior wall penetrations; and the long-axis view for subclavian central venous catheterization and avoiding posterior wall penetrations resulting in fewer central venous catheter-related complications.
AHRQ-funded; HS017526.
Citation: Vogel JA, Haukoos JS, Erickson CL .
Is long-axis view superior to short-axis view in ultrasound-guided central venous catheterization?
Crit Care Med 2015 Apr;43(4):832-9. doi: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000000823.
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Keywords: Adverse Events, Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Patel MB, Humble SS, Cullinane DC
Cervical spine collar clearance in the obtunded adult blunt trauma patient: a systematic review and practice management guideline from the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma.
The authors’ aims were to perform a systematic review and to develop evidence-based recommendations that might be used to direct decision making in the removal of a cervical collar from adult obtunded blunt trauma patients. In conclusion, they conditionally recommended cervical collar removal after a negative high-quality C-spine CT scan result alone.
AHRQ-funded; HS017952.
Citation: Patel MB, Humble SS, Cullinane DC .
Cervical spine collar clearance in the obtunded adult blunt trauma patient: a systematic review and practice management guideline from the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma.
J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2015 Feb;78(2):430-41. doi: 10.1097/ta.0000000000000503..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Trauma, Decision Making
Scheife RT, Hines LE, Boyce RD
Consensus recommendations for systematic evaluation of drug-drug interaction evidence for clinical decision support.
An expert workgroup developed recommendations by consensus for systematic evaluation of evidence for DDIs from the scientific literature, drug product labeling, and regulatory documents. It concluded that evidence-based clinical decision support for drug–drug interactions (DDIs) requires consistent application of transparent and systematic methods to evaluate the evidence.
AHRQ-funded; HS021826; HS019461.
Citation: Scheife RT, Hines LE, Boyce RD .
Consensus recommendations for systematic evaluation of drug-drug interaction evidence for clinical decision support.
Drug Saf 2015 Feb;38(2):197-206. doi: 10.1007/s40264-014-0262-8..
Keywords: Clinical Decision Support (CDS), Guidelines, Evidence-Based Practice, Comparative Effectiveness
Roberts AW, Dusetzina SB, Farley JF
Revisiting the washout period in the incident user study design: why 6-12 months may not be sufficient.
The purpose of this study was to describe how washout period duration affects the size and accuracy of retrospective incident user cohorts. It found that the 6- and 12-month washouts excluded 75 and 85% of the samples, respectively. Half of subjects in the 6-month washout cohorts were actually prevalent users, and the 12-month washout period resulted in 30% misclassified.
AHRQ-funded; HS000032.
Citation: Roberts AW, Dusetzina SB, Farley JF .
Revisiting the washout period in the incident user study design: why 6-12 months may not be sufficient.
J Comp Eff Res 2015 Jan;4(1):27-35. doi: 10.2217/cer.14.53..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice, Research Methodologies
Gerber DE, Pruitt SL, Halm EA
Should criteria for inclusion in cancer clinical trials be expanded?
The authors argue that the time is right to take a more evidence-based approach to assessing the validity of many traditional exclusion criteria for cancer clinical trials. Furthermore, for investigators, it is critically important that their selection of inclusion and exclusion criteria be thoughtful, deliberate and justified. To accomplish this, they will need to use an array of methodological approaches to assess their validity and impact.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Gerber DE, Pruitt SL, Halm EA .
Should criteria for inclusion in cancer clinical trials be expanded?
J Comp Eff Res 2015;4(4):289-91. doi: 10.2217/cer.15.27..
Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice, Research Methodologies, Cancer, Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Fleurence R, Whicher D, Dunham K
The Patient-centered Outcomes Research Institute's role in advancing methods for Patient-centered Outcomes Research.
The authors described PCORI’s legislatively mandated Methodology Committee and its Methodology Report; discussed PCORI’s current slate of CER methods projects; and shared some initial thoughts about future areas where further methods development is needed.
AHRQ-funded; HS000029.
Citation: Fleurence R, Whicher D, Dunham K .
The Patient-centered Outcomes Research Institute's role in advancing methods for Patient-centered Outcomes Research.
Med Care 2015 Jan;53(1):2-8. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000244.
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Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Research Methodologies