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Search All Research Studies
AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Adverse Drug Events (ADE) (1)
- Adverse Events (8)
- Ambulatory Care and Surgery (2)
- Arthritis (1)
- Children/Adolescents (2)
- Clinical Decision Support (CDS) (1)
- Elderly (3)
- Electronic Health Records (EHRs) (1)
- Emergency Department (1)
- Falls (1)
- Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) (4)
- Health Information Technology (HIT) (1)
- Home Healthcare (1)
- Hospitalization (1)
- Hospital Readmissions (2)
- Hospitals (2)
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) (1)
- (-) Injuries and Wounds (14)
- Kidney Disease and Health (1)
- Labor and Delivery (2)
- Long-Term Care (2)
- Medication (1)
- Men's Health (1)
- Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (1)
- Newborns/Infants (2)
- Nursing Homes (2)
- Outcomes (2)
- Patient Safety (2)
- Pregnancy (2)
- (-) Risk (14)
- Sex Factors (1)
- Shared Decision Making (1)
- Surgery (5)
- Trauma (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 14 of 14 Research Studies DisplayedSong J, Woo K, Shang J
Predictive risk models for wound infection-related hospitalization or ED visits in home health care using machine-learning algorithms.
Wound infection is prevalent in home healthcare (HHC) and often leads to hospitalizations. However, none of the previous studies of wounds in HHC have used data from clinical notes. Therefore, in this paper, the authors created a more accurate description of a patient's condition by extracting risk factors from clinical notes to build predictive models to identify a patient's risk of wound infection in HHC.
AHRQ-funded; HS024915.
Citation: Song J, Woo K, Shang J .
Predictive risk models for wound infection-related hospitalization or ED visits in home health care using machine-learning algorithms.
Adv Skin Wound Care 2021 Aug;34(8):1-12. doi: 10.1097/01.Asw.0000755928.30524.22..
Keywords: Home Healthcare, Injuries and Wounds, Risk, Hospitalization
Wahl TS, Graham LA, Morris MS
Association between preoperative proteinuria and postoperative acute kidney injury and readmission.
This retrospective cohort study investigated whether preoperative proteinuria is associated with surgical outcomes including postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) and readmission. The cohort used were undergoing elective inpatient surgery at 119 Veterans Affairs facilities from October 2007 to September 2014. The data collected was for a 7-month period in 2016. A higher probability of 30-day unplanned readmission was associated with preoperative proteinuria and postoperative AKI.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Wahl TS, Graham LA, Morris MS .
Association between preoperative proteinuria and postoperative acute kidney injury and readmission.
JAMA Surg 2018 Sep;153(9):e182009. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2018.2009..
Keywords: Kidney Disease and Health, Injuries and Wounds, Adverse Events, Surgery, Risk, Hospital Readmissions, Outcomes
Grundmeier RW, Xiao R, Ross RK
Grundmeier RW, Xiao R, Ross RK, Ramos MJ, Karavite DJ, Michel JJ, Gerber JS, et al. Identifying surgical site infections in electronic health data using predictive models,.
The objective of this study was to prospectively derive and validate a prediction rule for detecting cases warranting investigation for surgical site infections (SSI) after ambulatory surgery. The investigators concluded that electronic health record data can facilitate SSI surveillance with adequate sensitivity and positive predictive value.
AHRQ-funded; HS020921.
Citation: Grundmeier RW, Xiao R, Ross RK .
Grundmeier RW, Xiao R, Ross RK, Ramos MJ, Karavite DJ, Michel JJ, Gerber JS, et al. Identifying surgical site infections in electronic health data using predictive models,.
J Am Med Inform Assoc 2018 Sep;25(9):1160-66. doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocy075..
Keywords: Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Injuries and Wounds, Surgery, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Risk, Patient Safety, Adverse Events, Ambulatory Care and Surgery
Berry SD, Zullo AR, Lee Y
Fracture Risk Assessment in Long-term Care (FRAiL): development and validation of a prediction model.
This paper’s objective was to develop and validate a model, Fracture Risk Assessment in Long-term Care (FRAiL) to predict the 2-year risk of hip fracture in nursing home (NH) residents using readily available clinical characteristics. The FRAiL model was developed specifically to identify NH residents at greatest risk for hip fracture, and results identified a different pattern of risk factors compared with community models. This practical model could be used to screen NH residents for fracture risk and to target intervention strategies.
AHRQ-funded; HS022998.
Citation: Berry SD, Zullo AR, Lee Y .
Fracture Risk Assessment in Long-term Care (FRAiL): development and validation of a prediction model.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2018 May 9;73(6):763-69. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glx147.
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Keywords: Elderly, Injuries and Wounds, Long-Term Care, Nursing Homes, Risk
Dore DD, Zullo AR, Mor V
Age, sex, and dose effects of nonbenzodiazepine hypnotics on hip fracture in nursing home residents.
This study examined the rate of hip fracture in nursing home residents prescribed nonbenzodiazepine hypnotics. A sample of nursing home residents was used and linked to Medicare and Minimum Data Set (2007-2008) data. The rate of hip fracture was higher in residents aged 90 and above, and lower in residents 70 or below. There was no different by sex.
AHRQ-funded; HS022998.
Citation: Dore DD, Zullo AR, Mor V .
Age, sex, and dose effects of nonbenzodiazepine hypnotics on hip fracture in nursing home residents.
J Am Med Dir Assoc 2018 Apr;19(4):328-32.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2017.09.015..
Keywords: Injuries and Wounds, Medication, Nursing Homes, Long-Term Care, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Falls, Risk, Patient Safety
Hefele JG, Santos P, Ritter G
Risk factors for shoulder dystocia: the impact of mother's race and ethnicity.
The purpose of this observational study was to examine shoulder dystocia risk factors by race and ethnicity using a 19,236 sample of pregnant women who presented for labor and delivery. Results found that, for White non-Hispanic mothers, the strongest risk factors were delivering past 40 weeks' gestation and use of epidural anesthesia during delivery. Among Black non-Hispanic mothers, the risk factors with the greatest impact were use of epidural and having gestational diabetes and controlling the condition with insulin. Additionally, among Hispanic mothers, having Spanish as the primary language increased shoulder dystocia likelihood compared to those who did not cite it as their primary language. This study provides evidence that risk factors for a labor and delivery condition can vary significantly across racial and ethnic subgroups.
AHRQ-funded; HS019608.
Citation: Hefele JG, Santos P, Ritter G .
Risk factors for shoulder dystocia: the impact of mother's race and ethnicity.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2018 Apr;5(2):333-41. doi: 10.1007/s40615-017-0374-9..
Keywords: Adverse Events, Labor and Delivery, Injuries and Wounds, Newborns/Infants, Pregnancy, Risk
Wright NC, Hooker ER, Nielson CM
The epidemiology of wrist fractures in older men: the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) study.
The goal of this study was to calculate the frequency of and to identify risk factors for wrist fracture in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) study. The researchers identified incident wrist fractures in men aged 65 or older. Potential risk factors included demographics, lifestyle, bone mineral density, selected medications, biomarkers, and physical function and performance measures. The researcher confirmed that fracture history and certain medications are predictors, and also identified novel predictors such as markers of kidney function and an inability to perform the grip strength test. They did not find associations with factors commonly associated with wrist and other osteoporosis fractures such as falls, diabetes, calcium and vitamin D intake, or alcohol intake.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Wright NC, Hooker ER, Nielson CM .
The epidemiology of wrist fractures in older men: the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) study.
Osteoporos Int 2018 Apr;29(4):859-70. doi: 10.1007/s00198-017-4349-9..
Keywords: Arthritis, Elderly, Injuries and Wounds, Men's Health, Risk
Santos P, Hefele JG, Ritter G
Population-based risk factors for shoulder dystocia.
This retrospective observational study examined population-based risk factors for infant shoulder dystocia during labor. Five hospitals in 5 states were used and over 19,000 births evaluated between April 2011 and July 2013. An increased risk for dystocia was found for women who were prescribed insulin, indicating gestational diabetes. However this was not true of women with gestational diabetes who were not prescribed insulin. Other risk factors included being Black, Hispanic, covered by Medicaid or no insurance, infant gestational age of 41 weeks or greater, and chronic diabetes.
AHRQ-funded; HS019608.
Citation: Santos P, Hefele JG, Ritter G .
Population-based risk factors for shoulder dystocia.
J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs 2018 Jan;47(1):32-42. doi: 10.1016/j.jogn.2017.11.011..
Keywords: Labor and Delivery, Newborns/Infants, Risk, Pregnancy, Injuries and Wounds, Adverse Events
McLeod L, Flynn J, Erickson M
Variation in 60-day readmission for surgical-site infections (SSIs) and reoperation following spinal fusion operations for neuromuscular scoliosis.
The purpose of this study was to examine variation in hospital performance based on risk-standardized 60-day readmission rates for surgical-site infection (SSIs) and reoperation across 39 US Children's Hospitals. It found that reoperations were associated with an SSI in 70 percent of cases. Across hospitals, SSI and reoperation rates ranged from 1 percent to 11 percent and 1 percent to 12 percent, respectively.
AHRQ-funded; HS022198.
Citation: McLeod L, Flynn J, Erickson M .
Variation in 60-day readmission for surgical-site infections (SSIs) and reoperation following spinal fusion operations for neuromuscular scoliosis.
J Pediatr Orthop 2016 Sep;36(6):634-9. doi: 10.1097/bpo.0000000000000495.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Surgery, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Injuries and Wounds, Adverse Events, Hospital Readmissions, Hospitals, Risk
Yin MT, Shiau S, Rimland D
Fracture prediction with modified-FRAX in older HIV-infected and uninfected men.
The authors investigated considering HIV as a cause of secondary osteoporosis when calculating FRAX, a clinical fracture risk calculator, in HIV-infected individuals. They found that modified-FRAX underestimated the fracture rates more in older HIV-infected than in otherwise similar uninfected men. and they recommend further studies to determine how to risk stratify for screening and treatment in older HIV-infected individuals.
AHRQ-funded; HS018372.
Citation: Yin MT, Shiau S, Rimland D .
Fracture prediction with modified-FRAX in older HIV-infected and uninfected men.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2016 Aug 15;72(5):513-20. doi: 10.1097/qai.0000000000000998.
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Keywords: Clinical Decision Support (CDS), Elderly, Injuries and Wounds, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Risk
Rinke ML, Jan D, Nassim J
Surgical site infections following pediatric ambulatory surgery: an epidemiologic analysis.
The authors identified surgical site infection (SSI) rates following pediatric ambulatory surgery, SSI outcomes and risk factors, and sensitivity and specificity of SSI administrative billing codes. They concluded that SSI following pediatric ambulatory surgery occurs at an appreciable rate and conveys morbidity on children.
AHRQ-funded; HS021282.
Citation: Rinke ML, Jan D, Nassim J .
Surgical site infections following pediatric ambulatory surgery: an epidemiologic analysis.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016 Aug;37(8):931-8. doi: 10.1017/ice.2016.98.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Ambulatory Care and Surgery, Surgery, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Injuries and Wounds, Adverse Events, Risk
Lipman GS, Krabak BJ, Rundell SD
Incidence and prevalence of acute kidney injury during multistage ultramarathons.
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, incidence, and risk factors of acute kidney injury (AKI) during multistage ultramarathons. The authors found that prevalence of AKI was 63%-78% during multistage ultramarathons, and that female sex, lower pack weight, and greater weight loss were associated with renal impairment.
AHRQ-funded; HS022982.
Citation: Lipman GS, Krabak BJ, Rundell SD .
Incidence and prevalence of acute kidney injury during multistage ultramarathons.
Clin J Sport Med 2016 Jul;26(4):314-9. doi: 10.1097/jsm.0000000000000253.
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Keywords: Injuries and Wounds, Risk, Sex Factors, Outcomes
Baker AW, Dicks KV, Durkin MJ
Epidemiology of surgical site infection in a community hospital network.
The researchers described the epidemiology of complex surgical site infection (SSI) following commonly performed surgical procedures in community hospitals and to characterize trends of SSI prevalence rates over time for MRSA and other common pathogens. They found that the prevalence of MRSA SSI decreased from 2008 to 2012. This decrease in MRSA SSI prevalence led to an overall decrease in SSI prevalence.
AHRQ-funded; HS023866.
Citation: Baker AW, Dicks KV, Durkin MJ .
Epidemiology of surgical site infection in a community hospital network.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016 May;37(5):519-26. doi: 10.1017/ice.2016.13.
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Keywords: Surgery, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Injuries and Wounds, Adverse Events, Risk, Hospitals
Vogel JA, Newgard CD, Holmes JF
Validation of the Denver emergency department trauma organ failure score to predict post-injury multiple organ failure.
The objective of the study was to externally validate the Denver Emergency Department (ED) Trauma Organ Failure (TOF) Score, a 6-item instrument that includes age, intubation, hematocrit, systolic blood pressure, blood urea nitrogen, and white blood cell count, which was designed to predict the development of multiple organ failure (MOF) within 7 days of hospitalization. It was determined that the Denver ED TOF Score predicted development of MOF within 7 days of hospitalization.
AHRQ-funded; HS017526; HS023901.
Citation: Vogel JA, Newgard CD, Holmes JF .
Validation of the Denver emergency department trauma organ failure score to predict post-injury multiple organ failure.
J Am Coll Surg 2016 Jan;222(1):73-82. doi: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2015.10.010.
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Keywords: Emergency Department, Trauma, Shared Decision Making, Risk, Injuries and Wounds