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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 3 of 3 Research Studies DisplayedRussell D, Dowding D, Trifilio M
Individual, social, and environmental factors for infection risk among home healthcare patients: a multi-method study.
This paper is a study of nurse perceptions of individual, social, and environmental factors for infection risk among home healthcare (HHC) patients and also identifies the frequency of environmental barriers to infection prevention and control in HHC. Data were collected in 2017-2018 from qualitative interviews with 50 HHC nurses and structured observations of nurse visits to patients’ homes (n = 400). Perceived infection risk among patients was characterized as being influenced by knowledge of and attitudes towards infection prevention and engagement in hygiene practices, receipt of support from informal caregivers and nurse interventions aimed at cultivating infection control knowledge and practices, and the home environment. Frequent environmental barriers observed during visits to patients included clutter (39.5%), poor lighting (38.8%), dirtiness (28.5%), and pets (17.2%).
AHRQ-funded; HS024723.
Citation: Russell D, Dowding D, Trifilio M .
Individual, social, and environmental factors for infection risk among home healthcare patients: a multi-method study.
Health Soc Care Community 2021 May;29(3):780-88. doi: 10.1111/hsc.13321..
Keywords: Home Healthcare, Community-Acquired Infections, Risk, Provider: Nurse, Provider
O'Donoghue A, Dechen T, O'Donoghue A, Dechen T, Pavlova W W
Reopening businesses and risk of COVID-19 transmission.
In this paper, the authors used anonymized cell-phone data to quantify the potential risk of COVID-19 transmission in business establishments by building a Business Risk Index that measures transmission risk over time. They used two metrics, visits per square foot and the average duration of visits from January 2020 to June 2020. They found that an increase in a county's average Business Risk Index is associated with an increase in positive COVID-19 cases in 1 week. Their risk index provides a way for policymakers and hospital decision-makers to monitor the potential risk of COVID-19 transmission from businesses based on the frequency and density of visits to businesses.
AHRQ-funded; HS024288.
Citation: O'Donoghue A, Dechen T, O'Donoghue A, Dechen T, Pavlova W W .
Reopening businesses and risk of COVID-19 transmission.
NPJ Digit Med 2021 Mar 16;4(1):51. doi: 10.1038/s41746-021-00420-9..
Keywords: COVID-19, Community-Acquired Infections, Public Health, Risk
Wang HE, Donnelly JP, Griffin R
Derivation of novel risk prediction scores for community-acquired sepsis and severe sepsis.
The researchers derived and internally validated a Sepsis Risk Score and a Severe Sepsis Risk Score predicting future sepsis and severe sepsis events among community-dwelling adults. They concluded that the Sepsis Risk Score and Severe Sepsis Risk Score predict 10-year sepsis and severe sepsis risk among community-dwelling adults and may aid in sepsis prevention or mitigation efforts.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Wang HE, Donnelly JP, Griffin R .
Derivation of novel risk prediction scores for community-acquired sepsis and severe sepsis.
Crit Care Med 2016 Jul;44(7):1285-94. doi: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000001666.
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Keywords: Community-Acquired Infections, Risk, Risk, Sepsis