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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Children/Adolescents (3)
- Decision Making (1)
- Diagnostic Safety and Quality (3)
- Digestive Disease and Health (1)
- Electronic Health Records (EHRs) (1)
- (-) Emergency Department (8)
- Health Information Technology (HIT) (1)
- Hospitalization (1)
- Hospital Readmissions (1)
- Infectious Diseases (1)
- Injuries and Wounds (1)
- Medical Errors (2)
- Patient Safety (2)
- (-) Risk (8)
- Sepsis (1)
- Surgery (1)
- Trauma (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 8 of 8 Research Studies DisplayedSmulowitz PB, Burke RC, Ostrovsky D
Attitudes toward risk among emergency physicians and advanced practice clinicians in Massachusetts.
Risk aversion is a personality trait influential to decision making in medicine. Little is known about how emergency department (ED) clinicians differ in their attitudes toward risk taking. In this study, the investigators conducted a cross-sectional survey of practicing ED clinicians (physicians and advanced practice clinicians [APCs]) in Massachusetts using the following 4 existing validated scales: the Risk-Taking Scale (RTS), Stress from Uncertainty Scale (SUS), the Fear of Malpractice Scale (FMS), and the Need for (Cognitive) Closure Scale (NCC).
AHRQ-funded; HS26730.
Citation: Smulowitz PB, Burke RC, Ostrovsky D .
Attitudes toward risk among emergency physicians and advanced practice clinicians in Massachusetts.
J Am Coll Emerg Physicians Open 2021 Oct;2(5):e12573. doi: 10.1002/emp2.12573..
Keywords: Emergency Department, Risk
Enayati M, Sir M, Zhang X
Monitoring diagnostic safety risks in emergency departments: protocol for a machine learning study.
This study’s objective will be to identify variables associated with diagnostic errors in emergency departments using large-scale EHR data and machine learning techniques. It will use trigger algorithms with electronic health record (EHR) data repositories to generate a large data set of records that are labeled trigger-positive or trigger-negative, depending on if they meet certain criteria. This study will be conducted by 2 academic medical centers with affiliated community hospitals.
AHRQ-funded; HS027363; HS026622.
Citation: Enayati M, Sir M, Zhang X .
Monitoring diagnostic safety risks in emergency departments: protocol for a machine learning study.
JMIR Res Protoc 2021 Jun 14;10(6):e24642. doi: 10.2196/24642..
Keywords: Emergency Department, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Patient Safety, Risk, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT)
Cifra CL, Westlund E, Ten Eyck P
An estimate of missed pediatric sepsis in the emergency department.
AHRQ-funded; HS025753.
Citation: Cifra CL, Westlund E, Ten Eyck P .
An estimate of missed pediatric sepsis in the emergency department.
Diagnosis 2021;8(2):193-98. doi: 10.1515/dx-2020-0023..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Sepsis, Emergency Department, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Medical Errors, Risk
Lin CY, Xie J, Freedman SB
Predicting adverse outcomes for Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli infections in emergency departments.
Investigators assessed the performance of a hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) severity score among children with Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infections and HUS by stratifying them according to their risk of adverse events. They found that the HUS severity score was able to discriminate between high- and low-risk children less than 5 years old with STEC-associated HUS at a statistically acceptable level; however, it did not appear to provide clinical benefit at a meaningful risk threshold.
AHRQ-funded; HS026503.
Citation: Lin CY, Xie J, Freedman SB .
Predicting adverse outcomes for Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli infections in emergency departments.
J Pediatr 2021 May;232:200-06.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.12.077..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Infectious Diseases, Emergency Department, Risk
Daymont C, Balamuth F, Scott HF
Elevated heart rate and risk of revisit with admission in pediatric emergency patients.
This study examines whether emergency department (ED) heart rate (HR) values can identify children at elevated risk of ED revisit with admission. The authors performed a retrospective cohort study of children ages 0-18 years discharged from a tertiary-care pediatric ED from 2013 to 2014. They created percentile curves for the last recorded HR for age using data from calendar year 2013 and used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to characterize the performance of the percentiles for predicting ED revisit with admission within 72 hours. They evaluated 183,433 eligible ED visits and found that the last recorded HR for age had poor discrimination for predicting revisit with admission.
AHRQ-funded; HS023827.
Citation: Daymont C, Balamuth F, Scott HF .
Elevated heart rate and risk of revisit with admission in pediatric emergency patients.
Pediatr Emerg Care 2021 Apr;37(4):e185-e91. doi: 10.1097/pec.0000000000001552..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Emergency Department, Risk, Hospitalization
Lumpkin ST, Mihas P, Baldwin X
Surgical patient values frame and modify the impact of risk factors for non-routine postdischarge care: a mixed-methods study.
This mixed methods study looked at patient perspectives on risk factors of non-routine postdischarge care (emergency department visit or rehospitalization) for adult colorectal surgery patients. Surgery patients were identified from hospital records from 2017 to 2018. The authors enrolled 258 participants, surveyed 167, and interviewed 18. Depressive symptoms were found to be one of the many risk factors confirmed to increase non-routine health utilization.
AHRQ-funded; HS026363.
Citation: Lumpkin ST, Mihas P, Baldwin X .
Surgical patient values frame and modify the impact of risk factors for non-routine postdischarge care: a mixed-methods study.
Am J Surg 2021 Jan;221(1):195-203. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2020.05.016..
Keywords: Digestive Disease and Health, Surgery, Risk, Hospital Readmissions, Emergency Department
Okafor N, Payne VL, Chathampally Y
Using voluntary reports from physicians to learn from diagnostic errors in emergency medicine.
The researchers analysed incidents reported by ED physicians to determine disease conditions, contributory factors and patient harm associated with ED-related diagnostic errors. Among the 209 incidents, they identified 214 diagnostic errors associated with 65 unique diseases/conditions. Most diagnostic errors in ED appeared to relate to common disease conditions.
AHRQ-funded; HS017586; HS022087.
Citation: Okafor N, Payne VL, Chathampally Y .
Using voluntary reports from physicians to learn from diagnostic errors in emergency medicine.
Emerg Med J 2016 Apr;33(4):245-52. doi: 10.1136/emermed-2014-204604.
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Keywords: Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Emergency Department, Medical Errors, Risk, Patient Safety
Vogel JA, Newgard CD, Holmes JF
Validation of the Denver emergency department trauma organ failure score to predict post-injury multiple organ failure.
The objective of the study was to externally validate the Denver Emergency Department (ED) Trauma Organ Failure (TOF) Score, a 6-item instrument that includes age, intubation, hematocrit, systolic blood pressure, blood urea nitrogen, and white blood cell count, which was designed to predict the development of multiple organ failure (MOF) within 7 days of hospitalization. It was determined that the Denver ED TOF Score predicted development of MOF within 7 days of hospitalization.
AHRQ-funded; HS017526; HS023901.
Citation: Vogel JA, Newgard CD, Holmes JF .
Validation of the Denver emergency department trauma organ failure score to predict post-injury multiple organ failure.
J Am Coll Surg 2016 Jan;222(1):73-82. doi: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2015.10.010.
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Keywords: Emergency Department, Trauma, Decision Making, Risk, Injuries and Wounds