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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 6 of 6 Research Studies DisplayedCampbell JI, Sandora TJ, Haberer JE
A scoping review of paediatric latent tuberculosis infection care cascades: initial steps are lacking.
This literature review looked at current studies on the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric latent tuberculosis infection (TB infection), commonly known as the TB infection care cascade. The authors conducted a systematic search of several medical databases and included articles and meeting abstracts that studied children and adolescents 21 years or younger who were screened for or diagnosed with TB infection. They identified 146 studies examining steps in the pediatric TB infection care cascade, including 31 in children living in low- and middle-income countries. Most literature described the final cascade step, which is treatment initiation to completion. Strengths and gaps were identified and future research in examining cascade steps upstream of treatment initiation was recommended.
AHRQ-funded; HS000063.
Citation: Campbell JI, Sandora TJ, Haberer JE .
A scoping review of paediatric latent tuberculosis infection care cascades: initial steps are lacking.
BMJ Glob Health 2021 May;6(5). doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-004836..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Respiratory Conditions, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Treatments, Care Management, Evidence-Based Practice
Miller AC, Arakkal AT, Koeneman S
Incidence, duration and risk factors associated with delayed and missed diagnostic opportunities related to tuberculosis: a population-based longitudinal study.
Missed opportunities to diagnose tuberculosis are costly to patients and society. In this retrospective cohort study, the investigators (1) estimated the frequency and duration of diagnostic delays among patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and (2) determined the risk factors for experiencing a diagnostic delay. The investigators found that many patients with tuberculosis experience multiple missed diagnostic opportunities prior to diagnosis.
AHRQ-funded; HS027375.
Citation: Miller AC, Arakkal AT, Koeneman S .
Incidence, duration and risk factors associated with delayed and missed diagnostic opportunities related to tuberculosis: a population-based longitudinal study.
BMJ Open 2021 Feb 18;11(2):e045605. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045605..
Keywords: Respiratory Conditions, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Risk
Shipe ME, Deppen SA, Sullivan S
Validation of histoplasmosis enzyme immunoassay to evaluate suspicious lung nodules.
Granulomas caused by infectious lung diseases can present as indeterminate pulmonary nodules (IPN). This study aimed to validate an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for histoplasma immunoglobulins G and M (IgG, IgM) for diagnosing benign IPN in areas with endemic histoplasmosis. The investigators concluded that this study confirmed that histoplasma EIA testing could be useful for diagnosing benign IPN in areas with endemic histoplasmosis in a population at high risk for lung cancer.
AHRQ-funded; HS026122.
Citation: Shipe ME, Deppen SA, Sullivan S .
Validation of histoplasmosis enzyme immunoassay to evaluate suspicious lung nodules.
Ann Thorac Surg 2021 Feb;111(2):416-20. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.05.101..
Keywords: Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Respiratory Conditions
Sjoding MW, Cooke CR, Iwashyna TJ
Acute respiratory distress syndrome measurement error. Potential effect on clinical study results.
This study investigated how the degree of variability in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) measurement commonly reported in clinical studies affects study power, the accuracy of treatment effect estimates, and the measured strength of risk factor associations. It found that lower reliability measurement of ARDS during patient enrollment in randomized controlled trials seriously degraded study power and effect size estimates of clinical studies.
AHRQ-funded; HS020672.
Citation: Sjoding MW, Cooke CR, Iwashyna TJ .
Acute respiratory distress syndrome measurement error. Potential effect on clinical study results.
Ann Am Thorac Soc 2016 Jul;13(7):1123-8. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201601-072OC.
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Keywords: Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Research Methodologies, Respiratory Conditions
Brodsky MB, Suiter DM, Gonzalez-Fernandez M
Screening accuracy for aspiration using bedside water swallow tests: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
This study evaluated screening accuracy of bedside water swallow tests used to identify patients at risk for dysphagia-associated aspiration, finding that currently-used tests offer sufficient screening.
AHRQ-funded; HS022331.
Citation: Brodsky MB, Suiter DM, Gonzalez-Fernandez M .
Screening accuracy for aspiration using bedside water swallow tests: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Chest 2016 Jul;150(1):148-63. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2016.03.059.
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Keywords: Respiratory Conditions, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Pneumonia
Thompson CF, Price CP, Huang JH
A pilot study of symptom profiles from a polyp vs an eosinophilic-based classification of chronic rhinosinusitis.
Researchers hypothesized that appropriate chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) subclassification would increase homogeneity of baseline symptoms, and identify characteristic symptoms of each subtype. They found that subclassifying CRS with symptoms alone is difficult with neither polyp status nor eosinophilia giving a distinctive clinical symptom profile. However, certain symptoms may help otolaryngologists identify CRS subtypes, which may help guide future treatments.
AHRQ-funded; HS023011.
Citation: Thompson CF, Price CP, Huang JH .
A pilot study of symptom profiles from a polyp vs an eosinophilic-based classification of chronic rhinosinusitis.
Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2016 May;6(5):500-7. doi: 10.1002/alr.21687.
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Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Respiratory Conditions