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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 4 of 4 Research Studies DisplayedOates GR, Hamby BW, Bae S
Bikeshare use in urban communities: individual and neighborhood factors.
This study examined factors associated with bikeshare use in a metropolitan area in the southern United States. The study found that higher neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage was associated with higher bikeshare use. Bikeshare was a viable transportation option in low-resource neighborhoods and may be an effective tool to improve the connectivity, livability, and health of urban communities.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Oates GR, Hamby BW, Bae S .
Bikeshare use in urban communities: individual and neighborhood factors.
Ethn Dis 2017 Nov 9;27(Suppl 1):303-12. doi: 10.18865/ed.27.S1.303..
Keywords: Health Status, Social Determinants of Health, Urban Health
Tung EL, Wroblewski KE, Boyd K
Police-recorded crime and disparities in obesity and blood pressure status in Chicago.
The purpose of this study was to examine associations between several types of police-recorded crime (violent, nonviolent, and homicide) and cardiometabolic health (obesity and elevated blood pressure [BP]), and to determine if associations were modified by age and sex. It concluded that in a densely populated, high-poverty region in Chicago, recurrent exposure to high rates of violent crime was consistently associated with obesity and elevated BP, but rare exposure to homicide was not.
AHRQ-funded; HS023007.
Citation: Tung EL, Wroblewski KE, Boyd K .
Police-recorded crime and disparities in obesity and blood pressure status in Chicago.
J Am Heart Assoc 2018 Mar 24;7(7). doi: 10.1161/jaha.117.008030.
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Keywords: Blood Pressure, Disparities, Risk, Social Determinants of Health, Urban Health
Beck A, Davidson AJ, Xu S
A multilevel analysis of individual, health system, and neighborhood factors associated with depression within a large metropolitan area.
This study geocoded depression diagnosis and demographic data from electronic health records to obtain both individual and neighborhood factors related to depression. The researchers found higher depression rates associated with greater age, female gender, white race, medical comorbidities, and with lower rates of home owner occupancy, residential stability, and higher educational attainment, but not with economic disadvantage. Among the cohort, higher depression rates were associated with higher crime rates and a lower percent of foreign born residents and single mother households.
AHRQ-funded; HS022143.
Citation: Beck A, Davidson AJ, Xu S .
A multilevel analysis of individual, health system, and neighborhood factors associated with depression within a large metropolitan area.
J Urban Health 2017 Dec;94(6):780-90. doi: 10.1007/s11524-017-0190-x..
Keywords: Depression, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Social Determinants of Health, Urban Health
Tung EL, Cagney KA, Peek ME
Spatial context and health inequity: reconfiguring race, place, and poverty.
The authors build on the Chicago School of Sociology's contributions in urban research and one of its contemporary elaborations, often described as the "neighborhood effects approach," to propose a three-axis model of health inequity. This model, in alignment with Chicago School theory, postulates a dynamic and adaptive relationship between spatial context and health inequity. Compositional axes of race and poverty form the foundation of the model.
AHRQ-funded; HS023007.
Citation: Tung EL, Cagney KA, Peek ME .
Spatial context and health inequity: reconfiguring race, place, and poverty.
J Urban Health 2017 Dec;94(6):757-63. doi: 10.1007/s11524-017-0210-x.
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Keywords: Disparities, Low-Income, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Social Determinants of Health, Urban Health