National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Adverse Events (1)
- Disparities (4)
- (-) Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) (8)
- Healthcare Delivery (1)
- Hospitalization (1)
- Hospital Readmissions (1)
- Hospitals (1)
- Intensive Care Unit (ICU) (1)
- Maternal Care (1)
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- Mortality (2)
- Pregnancy (1)
- Quality of Care (1)
- (-) Racial and Ethnic Minorities (8)
- Respiratory Conditions (1)
- Risk (1)
- Sepsis (1)
- Sex Factors (2)
- Stroke (1)
- Surgery (1)
- Women (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 8 of 8 Research Studies DisplayedCheung PC, Kramer MR, Kempker JA
Intermediate or intensive care unit admission across race and ethnicity.
This study’s aim was to assess the association between race and ethnicity and admission to intermediate (IMCUs) or intensive care units (ICUs) among hospitalized patients. Florida hospital discharge data from the State Inpatient Database was used to assess the relationship between race (White, Black, Other) and Hispanic ethnicity and IMCU or ICU admission. After controlling for demographics and comorbidities, the prevalence of IMCU or ICU admission was higher among non-Hispanic Blacks and non-Hispanic patients of other races compared with non-Hispanic Whites. The prevalence of IMCU or ICU use was lower among Hispanic Whites and Hispanics of other races compared with non-Hispanic Whites after controlling for other demographic characteristics and comorbidities.
AHRQ-funded; HS025240.
Citation: Cheung PC, Kramer MR, Kempker JA .
Intermediate or intensive care unit admission across race and ethnicity.
South Med J 2022 Dec;115(12):913-18. doi: 10.14423/smj.0000000000001487..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Intensive Care Unit (ICU)
Interrante JD, Tuttle MS, Admon LK
Severe maternal morbidity and mortality risk at the intersection of rurality, race and ethnicity, and Medicaid.
Using maternal discharge records from childbirth hospitalizations in the HCUP National Inpatient Sample, 2007-15, researchers examined differences in rates of severe maternal morbidity and mortality by rural or urban geography, race and ethnicity, and clinical factors among Medicaid-funded births and privately insured hospital births. The highest rate of severe maternal morbidity and mortality occurred among rural Indigenous Medicaid-funded births; births among Black rural and urban residents and among Hispanic urban residents also experienced elevated rates. The researchers concluded that heightened rates of severe maternal morbidity and mortality among Medicaid-funded births indicate an opportunity for state and federal policy responses to address the maternal health challenges faced by Medicaid beneficiaries, including Black, Indigenous, and rural residents
AHRQ-funded; HS027640.
Citation: Interrante JD, Tuttle MS, Admon LK .
Severe maternal morbidity and mortality risk at the intersection of rurality, race and ethnicity, and Medicaid.
Womens Health Issues 2022 Nov-Dec;32(6):540-49. doi: 10.1016/j.whi.2022.05.003..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Maternal Care, Women, Pregnancy, Mortality, Risk, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Medicaid
Hegland TA, Owens PL, Selden TM
AHRQ Author: Hegland TA, Owens PL, Selden TM
New evidence on geographic disparities in United States hospital capacity.
The purpose of this study was to describe hospital capacity across the United States. The researchers combined American Hospital Association Survey, Hospital Compare, and American Community Survey data with the 2017 near-census of U.S. hospital inpatient discharges from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP). The study found that 0.11 more beds per 1000 population were supplied to zip codes where Non-Hispanic individuals live than zip codes where non-Hispanic White individuals live. However, the hospitals supplying this capacity have 0.36 fewer staff per bed and perform worse on many care quality measures. Zip codes in the most urban parts of America have the least hospital capacity (2.11 beds per 1000 persons) from across the rural-urban continuum. While more rural areas have higher capacity levels, urban areas have advantages in staff and capital per bed. The researchers did not find systematic differences in care quality between rural and urban areas. The study concluded that lower hospital care quality and resource intensity plays a key role in racial, ethnic, and income disparities in hospital care related outcomes.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Hegland TA, Owens PL, Selden TM .
New evidence on geographic disparities in United States hospital capacity.
Health Serv Res 2022 Oct;57(5):1006-19. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.14010..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Disparities, Hospitals, Quality of Care, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Jones JM, Fingar KR, Miller MA
AHRQ Author: Miller MA; Heslin KC
Racial disparities in sepsis-related in-hospital mortality: using a broad case capture method and multivariate controls for clinical and hospital variables, 2004-2013.
The objective of this study was to use a broad method of capturing sepsis cases to estimate 2004-2013 trends in in-hospital sepsis mortality rates by race/ethnicity. Mortality rates adjusted for patient characteristics were higher for all minority groups than for white patients. After adjusting for hospital characteristics, sepsis mortality rates in 2013 were similar for white, black, and Hispanic patients.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Jones JM, Fingar KR, Miller MA .
Racial disparities in sepsis-related in-hospital mortality: using a broad case capture method and multivariate controls for clinical and hospital variables, 2004-2013.
Crit Care Med 2017 Dec;45(12):e1209-e17. doi: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000002699.
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Keywords: Disparities, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Mortality, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Sepsis
Goto T, Faridi MK, Gibo K
Sex and racial/ethnic differences in the reason for 30-day readmission after COPD hospitalization.
This retrospective cohort study used 2006-2012 data from the State Inpatient Database of eight geographically-diverse US states (Arkansas, California, Florida, Iowa, Nebraska, New York, Utah, and Washington) to examine 30-day readmissions in patients hospitalized for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In their analysis of all-payer population-based data, the authors found sex and racial/ethnic differences in the reason for 30-day readmission in patients hospitalized for COPD.
AHRQ-funded; HS023305.
Citation: Goto T, Faridi MK, Gibo K .
Sex and racial/ethnic differences in the reason for 30-day readmission after COPD hospitalization.
Respir Med 2017 Oct;131:6-10. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2017.07.056..
Keywords: Respiratory Conditions, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Hospital Readmissions, Sex Factors
Boehme AK, Carr BG, Kasner SE
Sex differences in rt-PA utilization at hospitals treating stroke: the National Inpatient Sample.
The researchers sought to explore sex and race differences in the utilization of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) at primary stroke centers (PSCs) compared to non-PSCs across the US. They found that women are less likely to receive rt-PA than men at both PSCs and non-PSCs. Absolute treatment rates are lowest in black women.
AHRQ-funded; HS17960; HS018362; HS013852.
Citation: Boehme AK, Carr BG, Kasner SE .
Sex differences in rt-PA utilization at hospitals treating stroke: the National Inpatient Sample.
Front Neurol 2017 Sep 27;8:500. Original Research. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00500.
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Keywords: Healthcare Delivery, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Sex Factors, Stroke
Witt WP, Coffey RM, Lopez-Gonzalez L
AHRQ Author: Andrews RM, Washington RE
Understanding racial and ethnic disparities in postsurgical complications occurring in U.S. hospitals.
This study of 5,474,067 inpatient surgical discharges examined the role of patient, hospital, and community characteristics on racial and ethnic disparities in in-hospital postsurgical complications. It concluded that race does not appear to be an important determinant of in-hospital postsurgical complications, but insurance and community characteristics have an effect.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded; 290201300002C.
Citation: Witt WP, Coffey RM, Lopez-Gonzalez L .
Understanding racial and ethnic disparities in postsurgical complications occurring in U.S. hospitals.
Health Serv Res 2017 Feb;52(1):220-43. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.12475.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Disparities, Surgery, Adverse Events
Gounder PP, Holman RC, Seeman SM
AHRQ Author: Steiner CA
Infectious disease hospitalizations among American Indian/Alaska native and non-American Indian/Alaska native persons in Alaska, 2010-2011.
The researchers used a merged state database to determine infectious disease (ID) hospitalization rates among American Indian/Alaska native (AI/AN) and non-American Indian/Alaska native persons in Alaska. They concluded that a substantial disparity in ID hospitalization rates exists between AI/AN and non-AI/AN persons, and the most common reason for ID hospitalization among AI/AN persons was lower respiratory tract infection.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Gounder PP, Holman RC, Seeman SM .
Infectious disease hospitalizations among American Indian/Alaska native and non-American Indian/Alaska native persons in Alaska, 2010-2011.
Public Health Rep 2017 Jan/Feb;132(1):65-75. doi: 10.1177/0033354916679807.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Hospitalization, Disparities, Racial and Ethnic Minorities