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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Behavioral Health (1)
- Cancer (2)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (2)
- Caregiving (1)
- Community-Acquired Infections (1)
- Dementia (2)
- Depression (1)
- Diabetes (3)
- (-) Elderly (9)
- Falls (3)
- Health Status (1)
- Mortality (2)
- Neurological Disorders (1)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (1)
- Patient Safety (3)
- Pneumonia (1)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (1)
- (-) Risk (9)
- Social Determinants of Health (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 9 of 9 Research Studies DisplayedLee AK, Lee CJ, Huang ES
Risk factors for severe hypoglycemia in black and white adults with diabetes: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study.
Severe hypoglycemia is a rare but important complication of type 2 diabetes. Few studies have examined the epidemiology of hypoglycemia in a community-based population. This study concluded that poor glycemic control, glycemic variability as captured by 1,5-anhydroglucitol, kidney damage, and measures of cognitive and functional impairments were strongly associated with increased risk of severe hypoglycemia.
AHRQ-funded; HS018542.
Citation: Lee AK, Lee CJ, Huang ES .
Risk factors for severe hypoglycemia in black and white adults with diabetes: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study.
Diabetes Care 2017 Dec;40(12):1661-67. doi: 10.2337/dc17-0819.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Elderly, Diabetes, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Risk
Park JS, Bateni SB, Bold RJ
The modified frailty index to predict morbidity and mortality for retroperitoneal sarcoma resections.
The researchers performed a retrospective analysis of patients with a diagnosis of primary malignant retroperitoneal neoplasm who underwent surgical resection. The modified frailty index (mFI) was calculated according to standard published methods. Their data demonstrate that the majority of patients undergoing retroperitoneal sarcoma resections have few, if any, comorbidities. The mFI was a limited predictor of overall and serious complications and was not a significant predictor of mortality.
AHRQ-funded; HS022236.
Citation: Park JS, Bateni SB, Bold RJ .
The modified frailty index to predict morbidity and mortality for retroperitoneal sarcoma resections.
J Surg Res 2017 Sep;217:191-97. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2017.05.025.
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Keywords: Cancer, Elderly, Health Status, Mortality, Risk
Mehta HB, Mehta V, Goodwin JS
Association of hypoglycemia with subsequent dementia in older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
This study evaluated an association of hypoglycemia with subsequent dementia in patients with type 2 diabetes. Hypoglycemia is associated with a higher risk of dementia and may be responsible in part for the higher risk of dementia in patients with diabetes. Alternatively, hypoglycemia may be a marker for undiagnosed cognitive impairment, and we cannot rule out the possibility of reverse causation between hypoglycemia and dementia.
AHRQ-funded; HS022134.
Citation: Mehta HB, Mehta V, Goodwin JS .
Association of hypoglycemia with subsequent dementia in older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2017 Aug;72(8):1110-16. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glw217.
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Keywords: Dementia, Diabetes, Elderly, Risk
Galambos C, Rantz M, Back J
Older adults' perceptions of and preferences for a fall risk assessment system: exploring stages of acceptance model.
The study aim was to explore the perceptions and preferences of older adults and their family members about a fall risk assessment system. Using a qualitative approach, this study found that there was acceptance of the technology as participants adapted to it. Two themes were present across the five points in time-safety and usefulness. Five stages of acceptance emerged from the data from preinstallation to 2 years postinstallation.
AHRQ-funded; HS018477.
Citation: Galambos C, Rantz M, Back J .
Older adults' perceptions of and preferences for a fall risk assessment system: exploring stages of acceptance model.
Comput Inform Nurs 2017 Jul;35(7):331-37. doi: 10.1097/cin.0000000000000330.
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Keywords: Elderly, Falls, Risk, Patient Safety
Hoffman GJ, Hays RD, Wallace SP
Depressive symptomatology and fall risk among community-dwelling older adults.
The directionality of observed relationship between falls and depressive symptoms (DS) is in need of elaboration given that cross-sectional study designs can yield biased estimates of the DS-falls relationship. This study found that the DS-falls relationship was not significant when use of psychiatric medications, which was positively associated with falls, was included in the model.
AHRQ-funded; HS000046.
Citation: Hoffman GJ, Hays RD, Wallace SP .
Depressive symptomatology and fall risk among community-dwelling older adults.
Soc Sci Med 2017 Apr;178:206-13. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.02.020.
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Keywords: Depression, Elderly, Falls, Patient Safety, Risk
Palta P, Huang ES, Kalyani RR
Hemoglobin A1c and mortality in older adults with and without diabetes: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (1988-2011).
In this paper, the investigators sought to estimate the risk of mortality by HbA1c levels among older adults with and without diabetes. They concluded that an HbA1c >8.0% was associated with increased risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality in older adults with diabetes. The investigators suggest that their results support the idea that better glycemic control is important for reducing mortality; however, they also indicate that there is a need for individualized glycemic targets for older adults with diabetes depending on their demographics, duration of diabetes, and existing comorbidities.
AHRQ-funded; HS018542.
Citation: Palta P, Huang ES, Kalyani RR .
Hemoglobin A1c and mortality in older adults with and without diabetes: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (1988-2011).
Diabetes Care 2017 Apr;40(4):453-60. doi: 10.2337/dci16-0042.
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Keywords: Cancer, Cardiovascular Conditions, Diabetes, Elderly, Mortality, Risk
Hoffman GJ, Hays RD, Wallace SP
Receipt of caregiving and fall risk in US community-dwelling older adults.
The researchers examined whether receipt of low (0-13 weekly hours) and high levels (>/=14 weekly hours) of informal care or any formal care is associated with lower risk of falls and fall-related injuries (FRI) among community-dwelling older adults. They found that among individuals with >/=3 activities of daily living, fall risks were reduced by 21 percent for those receiving high levels of informal care.
AHRQ-funded; HS000046.
Citation: Hoffman GJ, Hays RD, Wallace SP .
Receipt of caregiving and fall risk in US community-dwelling older adults.
Med Care 2017 Apr;55(4):371-78. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000677.
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Keywords: Caregiving, Elderly, Falls, Risk, Patient Safety
Frei CR, Rehani S, Lee GC
Application of a risk score to identify older adults with community-onset pneumonia most likely to benefit from empiric pseudomonas therapy.
The researchers assessed the impact of empiric Pseudomonas pharmacotherapy on 30-day mortality in hospitalized patients with community-onset pneumonia stratified according to their risk (low, medium, or high) of drug-resistant pathogens. By using a risk score, they found that empiric Pseudomonas therapy was associated with lower 30-day mortality in the high-risk group but not the low- or medium-risk groups.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Frei CR, Rehani S, Lee GC .
Application of a risk score to identify older adults with community-onset pneumonia most likely to benefit from empiric pseudomonas therapy.
Pharmacotherapy 2017 Feb;37(2):195-203. doi: 10.1002/phar.1891.
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Keywords: Elderly, Community-Acquired Infections, Pneumonia, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Risk
Jutkowitz E, MacLehose RF, Gaugler JE
Risk factors associated with cognitive, functional, and behavioral trajectories of newly diagnosed dementia patients.
This study examined the effect of sociodemographic and clinical risk factors on cognitive, functional, and behavioral declines in incident dementia patients. Age of onset, region of residence, and history of hypertension and psychiatric problems predicted behaviors at diagnosis. Cognition explained changes in behavior. Sociodemographic characteristics and clinical comorbidities predicted cognitive and functional changes. Only cognitive status explained behavioral decline.
AHRQ-funded; HS024165.
Citation: Jutkowitz E, MacLehose RF, Gaugler JE .
Risk factors associated with cognitive, functional, and behavioral trajectories of newly diagnosed dementia patients.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2017 Feb;72(2):251-58. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glw079.
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Keywords: Dementia, Elderly, Behavioral Health, Neurological Disorders, Risk, Social Determinants of Health