National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
Latest available findings on quality of and access to health care
Data
- Data Infographics
- Data Visualizations
- Data Tools
- Data Innovations
- All-Payer Claims Database
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS)
- AHRQ Quality Indicator Tools for Data Analytics
- State Snapshots
- United States Health Information Knowledgebase (USHIK)
- Data Sources Available from AHRQ
Search All Research Studies
AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Access to Care (2)
- Brain Injury (1)
- Children/Adolescents (1)
- Disparities (2)
- Elderly (3)
- Emergency Department (1)
- Hospital Discharge (1)
- (-) Injuries and Wounds (9)
- Long-Term Care (1)
- (-) Mortality (9)
- Nursing Homes (1)
- Obesity (1)
- Outcomes (1)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (1)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (1)
- Risk (1)
- Sex Factors (1)
- Social Determinants of Health (3)
- Surgery (1)
- Trauma (8)
AHRQ Research Studies
Sign up: AHRQ Research Studies Email updates
Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 9 of 9 Research Studies DisplayedZhang T, Lary CW, Zullo AR
Post-hip fracture mortality in nursing home residents by obesity status.
This research letter discusses a study that examined whether obesity status affected mortality in post-hip fracture patients who were nursing home residents. A national cohort of nursing home (NH) residents was examined from national Medicare fee-for-service claims linked to the Minimum Data Set (MDS) from January 2008 through the end of 2009. A total of 33, 622 long-stay residents were identified who had been hospitalized for a hip fracture. They excluded 6918 patients due to a number of factors. They classified residents based on their BMI: normal BMI, overweight, mild obesity, or moderate/severe obesity. They found that being moderate/severely obese did not increase mortality.
AHRQ-funded; HS022998.
Citation: Zhang T, Lary CW, Zullo AR .
Post-hip fracture mortality in nursing home residents by obesity status.
J Am Geriatr Soc 2019 Sep;67(9):1983-85. doi: 10.1111/jgs.16028..
Keywords: Injuries and Wounds, Surgery, Nursing Homes, Obesity, Mortality, Elderly, Long-Term Care, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Albrecht JS, Al Kibria GM, Greene CR
Post-discharge mortality of older adults with traumatic brain injury or other trauma.
This study examined post-discharge mortality of older adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI) or non-TBI trauma compared with the general population. A retrospective cohort study of adults 65 years and older was conducted using data from an urban trauma center from 1997 to 2008. The data was then linked to the National Death Index through 2008 to obtain date and cause of death. A higher rate of death was associated with both cohorts after moderate to severe injury from accidents than for older adults without TBI or non-TBI trauma.
AHRQ-funded; HS024560.
Citation: Albrecht JS, Al Kibria GM, Greene CR .
Post-discharge mortality of older adults with traumatic brain injury or other trauma.
J Am Geriatr Soc 2019 Jul 25;67(11):2382-86. doi: 10.1111/jgs.16098..
Keywords: Elderly, Hospital Discharge, Injuries and Wounds, Mortality, Trauma
Meagher AD, Lin A, Mandell SP
A comparison of scoring systems for predicting short- and long-term survival after trauma in older adults.
Researchers conducted a retrospective cohort study to identify injured older adults at highest risk for 30-day mortality. They found that older, injured adults transported by EMS to a large variety of trauma and non-trauma hospitals were more likely to die within 30 days if they required emergent airway management or had a higher comorbidity burden. They concluded that identification of an ideal prognostic tool remains elusive.
AHRQ-funded; HS023796.
Citation: Meagher AD, Lin A, Mandell SP .
A comparison of scoring systems for predicting short- and long-term survival after trauma in older adults.
Acad Emerg Med 2019 Jun;26(6):621-30. doi: 10.1111/acem.13727..
Keywords: Elderly, Trauma, Mortality, Injuries and Wounds, Emergency Department
Jarman MP, Pollack Porter K, Curriero FC
Factors mediating demographic determinants of injury mortality.
The authors investigated the role of injury characteristics and access to trauma care as mediators of the relationships between race, ethnicity, sex, and injury mortality. They found that distance, injury characteristics, and insurance mediate the effects of demographic characteristics on injury mortality and appear to contribute to disparities in injury mortality.
AHRQ-funded; HS000029.
Citation: Jarman MP, Pollack Porter K, Curriero FC .
Factors mediating demographic determinants of injury mortality.
Ann Epidemiol 2019 Jun;34:58-64.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2019.03.013..
Keywords: Access to Care, Disparities, Injuries and Wounds, Mortality, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Sex Factors, Social Determinants of Health, Trauma
Albrecht JS, Al Kibria G, Gruber-Baldini A
Risk of mortality in individuals with hip fracture and traumatic brain injury.
Researchers estimated the prevalence of TBI (traumatic brain injury) with individuals hospitalized with hip fracture and their all-cause mortality. The population studied were Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 and older from 2006 to 2010. They concluded that there was a higher risk of death with individuals who had TBI than those who had only a hip fracture.
AHRQ-funded; HS024560.
Citation: Albrecht JS, Al Kibria G, Gruber-Baldini A .
Risk of mortality in individuals with hip fracture and traumatic brain injury.
J Am Geriatr Soc 2019 Jan;67(1):124-27. doi: 10.1111/jgs.15661..
Keywords: Brain Injury, Injuries and Wounds, Mortality, Risk, Trauma
Shi J, Shen J, Caupp S
A new weighted injury severity scoring system: Better predictive power for pediatric trauma mortality.
The objective of this study was to develop a weighted Injury Severity Score (wISS) system for pediatric blunt trauma patients with better predictive power than ISS. The authors suggest that by weighting the Abbreviated Injury Scale from different body regions, the wISS had significantly better predictive power for mortality than the ISS, especially in critically injured children.
AHRQ-funded; HS024263.
Citation: Shi J, Shen J, Caupp S .
A new weighted injury severity scoring system: Better predictive power for pediatric trauma mortality.
J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2018 Aug;85(2):334-40. doi: 10.1097/ta.0000000000001943..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Injuries and Wounds, Mortality, Children/Adolescents, Trauma
Jarman MP, Haut ER, Curriero FC
Mapping areas with concentrated risk of trauma mortality: a first step toward mitigating geographic and socioeconomic disparities in trauma.
This study sought to classify injury event locations based on features of the built and social environment at the injury scene, and to examine patterns in individual patient demographics, injury characteristics, and mortality by location class. The investigators concluded identification of location classes may be useful for targeted primary prevention and treatment interventions, both by identifying geographic areas with the highest risk of injury mortality and by identifying patterns of individual risk within location classes.
AHRQ-funded; HS000029.
Citation: Jarman MP, Haut ER, Curriero FC .
Mapping areas with concentrated risk of trauma mortality: a first step toward mitigating geographic and socioeconomic disparities in trauma.
J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2018 Jul;85(1):54-61. doi: 10.1097/ta.0000000000001883..
Keywords: Disparities, Injuries and Wounds, Mortality, Social Determinants of Health, Trauma
Sakran JV, Mehta A, Fransman R
Nationwide trends in mortality following penetrating trauma: are we up for the challenge?
This study analyzed contemporary trends in pre-hospital mortality from penetrating trauma in the past decade using The National Trauma Data Bank. The authors concluded the odds of pre-hospital mortality has increased over 4-fold for gunshot wounds and almost 9-fold for stab wounds. Examining violence intensity, along with improvements in hospital care and data collection, may explain these findings.
AHRQ-funded; HS024547.
Citation: Sakran JV, Mehta A, Fransman R .
Nationwide trends in mortality following penetrating trauma: are we up for the challenge?
J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2018 Jul;85(1):160-66. doi: 10.1097/ta.0000000000001907..
Keywords: Injuries and Wounds, Mortality, Outcomes, Trauma
Jarman MP, Curriero FC, Haut ER
Associations of distance to trauma care, community income, and neighborhood median age with rates of injury mortality.
The purpose of this study was to examine the association of injury scene characteristics with injury mortality. The study concluded that injury scene characteristics are associated with injury mortality. The authors found that odds of death are highest for patients injured in communities with higher median age or lower per capita income and at locations farthest from level 1 or 2 trauma centers.
AHRQ-funded; HS000029.
Citation: Jarman MP, Curriero FC, Haut ER .
Associations of distance to trauma care, community income, and neighborhood median age with rates of injury mortality.
JAMA Surg 2018 Jun;153(6):535-43. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2017.6133..
Keywords: Access to Care, Mortality, Social Determinants of Health, Trauma, Injuries and Wounds