National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
51 to 75 of 551 Research Studies DisplayedYang P, Diaz A, Chhabra KR
Surgical quality assurance at expanding health networks: a qualitative study.
This study used qualitative methods to understand the nuances that affect the variation in network-level surgical quality assurance and provided strategies that surgical leaders can use to improve surgical quality at expanding health networks. Through semi-structured interviews, three themes emerged. Participants wanted standardized tools for quality measurement, an organizational structure that provides clear oversight over quality, and a culture shift toward quality improvement.
AHRQ-funded; HS024763.
Citation: Yang P, Diaz A, Chhabra KR .
Surgical quality assurance at expanding health networks: a qualitative study.
Surgery 2022 Apr;171(4):966-72. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2021.09.023..
Keywords: Surgery, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care
Raman DL, Bixby EC, Wang K
A Comprehensive Unit-based Safety Program to improve perioperative efficiency in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.
In this study, the Comprehensive Unit-based Safety Program (CUSP) methodology was utilized to improve perioperative efficiency in pediatric spine surgery, and pre-implementation and post-implementation efficiency were compared. Findings showed that CUSP was effective in enhancing perioperative efficiency, demonstrating strong improvement in on-time starts over 5 years. These results indicated that process improvement in operating rooms requires consistent attention to sustain gains over time. Recommendations included engaging frontline staff in quality improvement in order to foster collaboration and provide employee buy-in to promoting a culture of safety and improving value in patient care.
AHRQ-funded; HS022198.
Citation: Raman DL, Bixby EC, Wang K .
A Comprehensive Unit-based Safety Program to improve perioperative efficiency in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.
J Pediatr Orthop 2022 Mar;42(3):123-30. doi: 10.1097/bpo.0000000000001992..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Patient Safety, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care
Perry CK, Linder S, Hall J
How type of practice ownership affects participation with quality improvement external facilitation: findings from EvidenceNOW.
This study examined how practice ownership influences participation in external facilitation using data from EvidenceNOW. The authors collected data from practices on practice characteristics and ownership type via surveys and from facilitators on the number of hours, encounters, and months each practice had with a facilitator via facilitation logs. Semi-structured interviewers with EvidenceNOW leadership (n = 12) and facilitators (n = 51) were conducted, and facilitators (n = 64) were observed for patterns of facilitation. In the fully adjusted model, differences by ownership were non-significant. Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) however, had significantly less participation in facilitation than clinician-owned practices for the measures number of encounters and number of months with encounters.
AHRQ-funded; HS023940.
Citation: Perry CK, Linder S, Hall J .
How type of practice ownership affects participation with quality improvement external facilitation: findings from EvidenceNOW.
J Gen Intern Med 2022 Mar;37(4):793-801. doi: 10.1007/s11606-021-07204-7..
Keywords: Quality Improvement, Quality of Care, Primary Care, Practice Improvement
de Loizaga SR, Schneider K, Beck AF
Socioeconomic impact on outcomes during the first year of life of patients with single ventricle heart disease: an analysis of the National Pediatric Cardiology Quality Improvement Collaborative Registry.
In a retrospective cohort analysis of infants enrolled in the National Pediatric Cardiology Improvement Collaborative, researchers investigated the impact of community-level deprivation on morbidity and mortality for infants with single ventricle heart disease in the first year of life. They found that community deprivation was associated with mortality and length of stay for patients with single ventricle congenital heart disease. While patients near the mean deprivation index had a higher hazard of one year mortality compared to those at the extremes of the deprivation index, length of stay and deprivation index were linearly associated, demonstrating the complex nature of socioeconomic factors.
AHRQ-funded; HS021114.
Citation: de Loizaga SR, Schneider K, Beck AF .
Socioeconomic impact on outcomes during the first year of life of patients with single ventricle heart disease: an analysis of the National Pediatric Cardiology Quality Improvement Collaborative Registry.
Pediatr Cardiol 2022 Mar;43(3):605-15. doi: 10.1007/s00246-021-02763-2..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Social Determinants of Health, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care, Cardiovascular Conditions, Registries, Outcomes
Patel S, Pierce L, Jones M
Using participatory design to engage physicians in the development of a provider-level performance dashboard and feedback system.
This study examined the use of participatory design to engage physicians in the development of a provider-level performance dashboard and feedback system. The study took place at the University of California, San Francisco with 20 hospitalist physicians who participated in a series of six design sessions and two surveys. Key components of the feedback system were systematically addressed in each design session and survey, including design, metric selection, data delivery, and incentives. The authors used the Capability Opportunity Motivation and Behavior (COM-B) model to identify behavior change interventions to facilitate engagement with the dashboard during a pilot implementation. They found that physicians preferred collaboration over competition and internal motivation over external incentives and that the dashboard be used as a tool to aid in clinical practice improvement and not punitively by leadership. The physicians also felt that metrics that were clinical or patient-centered were perceived as more meaningful and more likely to motivate behavior change. Next steps after this study will be targeted feedback interventions to attempt to improve performance.
AHRQ-funded; HS026383.
Citation: Patel S, Pierce L, Jones M .
Using participatory design to engage physicians in the development of a provider-level performance dashboard and feedback system.
Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf 2022 Mar; 48(3):165-72. doi: 10.1016/j.jcjq.2021.10.003..
Keywords: Provider Performance, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care
Radhakrishnan A, Reyes-Gastelum D, Abrahamse P
Physician specialties involved in thyroid cancer diagnosis and treatment: implications for improving health care disparities.
The authors sought to characterize providers involved in diagnosing and treating thyroid cancer. Patients with differentiated thyroid cancer from the Georgia and Los Angeles County Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results registries were surveyed. The authors found that, among thyroid cancer patients, 40.6% reported being informed of their diagnosis by their surgeon, 37.9% by their endocrinologist, and 13.5% by their primary care physician (PCP). The researchers concluded that PCPs were involved in thyroid cancer diagnosis and treatment, and their involvement was greater among older patients and patients of minority race/ethnicity.
AHRQ-funded; HS024512.
Citation: Radhakrishnan A, Reyes-Gastelum D, Abrahamse P .
Physician specialties involved in thyroid cancer diagnosis and treatment: implications for improving health care disparities.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022 Feb 17;107(3):e1096-e105. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgab781..
Keywords: Cancer, Disparities, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Practice Patterns, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care
Ross SW, Reinke CE, Ingraham AM
Emergency general surgery quality improvement: a review of recommended structure and key issues.
In this article, the authors presented a collective narrative review of advances in quality improvement structure in emergency general surgery (EGS) in recent years and summarized plans for a national EGS registry and American College of Surgeons verification for this under-resourced area of surgery.
AHRQ-funded; HS025224.
Citation: Ross SW, Reinke CE, Ingraham AM .
Emergency general surgery quality improvement: a review of recommended structure and key issues.
J Am Coll Surg 2022 Feb;234(2):214-25. doi: 10.1097/xcs.0000000000000044..
Keywords: Surgery, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care
Hysong Hysong, Arredondo K, Hughes AM
An evidence-based, structured, expert approach to selecting essential indicators of primary care quality.
The purpose of this article was to illustrate the application of an evidence-based, structured performance measurement methodology to identify, prioritize, and generate new measures of health care quality, using primary care as a case example. Subject matter experts identified three fundamental objectives: access, patient-health care team partnerships, and technical quality. The authors indicated that their article provides an actionable guide to applying their Productivity Measurement and Enhancement System, which can be adapted to the needs of various industries, including measure selection and modification from existing data sources, and proposing new measures.
Citation: Hysong Hysong, Arredondo K, Hughes AM .
An evidence-based, structured, expert approach to selecting essential indicators of primary care quality.
PLoS One 2022 Jan 18;17(1):e0261263. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261263..
Keywords: Primary Care, Evidence-Based Practice, Quality Improvement, Quality Indicators (QIs), Quality Measures, Quality of Care
Dewan M, Soberano B, Sosa T
Assessment of a situation awareness quality improvement intervention to reduce cardiac arrests in the PICU.
The purpose of this study was to use improved situation awareness to decrease cardiopulmonary resuscitation events by 25% over 18 months and demonstrate process and outcome sustainability. Findings showed that interprofessional teams using shared situation awareness may reduce cardiopulmonary resuscitation events and, thereby, improve outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS026975.
Citation: Dewan M, Soberano B, Sosa T .
Assessment of a situation awareness quality improvement intervention to reduce cardiac arrests in the PICU.
Pediatr Crit Care Med 2022 Jan;23(1):4-12. doi: 10.1097/pcc.0000000000002816..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Quality Improvement, Quality of Care
Nether KG, Thomas EJ, Khan A
Implementing a robust process improvement program in the neonatal intensive care unit to reduce harm.
This article describes the results of a robust process improvement (RPI) program implemented in a hospital neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to improve processes and reduce harm. A total of 67 participants completed pretraining and post-training surveys after initiatives for improvements in central line blood stream infection handling, very low birth weight infant nutrition, and unplanned extubations. Training scores (0-10 scale) improved from an average of 4.45-7.60 for confidence in leading process improvement work, 2.36 to 7.49 for RPI knowledge, and 2.19 to 7.30 for confidence in using RPI tools.
AHRQ-funded; HS024459.
Citation: Nether KG, Thomas EJ, Khan A .
Implementing a robust process improvement program in the neonatal intensive care unit to reduce harm.
J Healthc Qual 2022 Jan-Feb;44(1):23-30. doi: 10.1097/jhq.0000000000000310..
Keywords: Newborns/Infants, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), Quality Improvement, Quality of Care
Chopra V, O'Malley M, Horowitz J
Improving peripherally inserted central catheter appropriateness and reducing device-related complications: a quasiexperimental study in 52 Michigan hospitals.
It is unknown whether implementing the Michigan Appropriateness Guide for Intravenous Catheters (MAGIC) reduces complications and improves peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) use. The purpose of this quasi-experimental study design was to utilize MAGIC in 52 Michigan hospitals and collect data from medical records to measure hospital performance on three appropriateness criteria. The three criteria included: PICC use of less than 5 days, PICC placement in patients with chronic kidney disease, and the use of multi-lumen PICCs. The researchers compared PICC device complications and appropriateness preintervention and post intervention. The study found that among 38,592 PICCs, PICC appropriateness post-intervention increased 17.1% to 49%, and complications decreased 4% to 10.7%. Patients with appropriate PICC use had lower rate of complications than those with inappropriate PICC placement. The study concluded that the utilization of MAGIC in Michigan hospitals was associated with less complications for patients and increased PICC appropriateness.
AHRQ-funded; HS025891.
Citation: Chopra V, O'Malley M, Horowitz J .
Improving peripherally inserted central catheter appropriateness and reducing device-related complications: a quasiexperimental study in 52 Michigan hospitals.
BMJ Qual Saf 2022 Jan;31(1):23-30. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2021-013015..
Keywords: Quality Improvement, Quality of Care, Hospitals, Adverse Events
Yount N, Zebrak KA, Famolaro T
Linking patient safety culture to quality ratings in the nursing home setting.
This study examined the relationship between scores on the AHRQ Surveys on Patient Safety Culture™ (SOPS®) Nursing Home Survey (NH SOPS) and Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Nursing Home Five-Star Quality Ratings. The authors used data on 186 nursing homes to conduct multiple regression analyses predicting the Five-Star Quality Ratings from the NH SOPS survey measures. Five NH SOPS measures were related to the Overall, Health Inspections, and Quality Five-Star Ratings; four NH SOPS measures were related to at least two of the four Five-Star Quality Ratings and three SOPS measures were related to one Five-Star Rating. No NH SOPS measures were significantly associated with the Staffing Five-Star Rating.
AHRQ-funded; 233201500026I.
Citation: Yount N, Zebrak KA, Famolaro T .
Linking patient safety culture to quality ratings in the nursing home setting.
J Appl Gerontol 2022 Jan;41(1):73-81. doi: 10.1177/0733464820969283..
Keywords: Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Patient Safety, Nursing Homes, Long-Term Care, Quality Indicators (QIs), Quality Measures, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care
Hemler JR, Edwards ST, Valenzuela S
The effects of major disruptions on practice participation in facilitation during a primary care quality improvement initiative.
This study explored the relationship between disruptions in primary care practices and practice participation in facilitated quality improvement (QI). Using data from EvidenceNOW, findings showed that disruptions are prevalent in primary care, but practices can continue participating in QI interventions, particularly when supported by a facilitator.
AHRQ-funded; HS023940.
Citation: Hemler JR, Edwards ST, Valenzuela S .
The effects of major disruptions on practice participation in facilitation during a primary care quality improvement initiative.
J Am Board Fam Med 2022 Jan-Feb;35(1):124-39. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2022.01.210205..
Keywords: Primary Care, Practice Improvement, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care, Workforce
Zimolzak AJ, Shahid U, Giardina TD
Why test results are still getting "lost" to follow-up: a qualitative study of implementation gaps.
Lack of timely follow-up of abnormal test results is common and has been implicated in missed or delayed diagnosis, resulting in potential for patient harm. As part of a larger project to implement change strategies to improve follow-up of diagnostic test results, this study sought to identify specifically where implementation gaps exist, as well as possible solutions identified by front-line staff.
AHRQ-funded; HS27363.
Citation: Zimolzak AJ, Shahid U, Giardina TD .
Why test results are still getting "lost" to follow-up: a qualitative study of implementation gaps.
J Gen Intern Med 2022 Jan;37(1):137-44. doi: 10.1007/s11606-021-06772-y..
Keywords: Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Patient Safety, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care
Franklin PD, Bond CP, Rothrock NE
Strategies for effective implementation of patient-reported outcome measures in arthroplasty practice.
This study’s goal was to synthesize patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) implementation strategies that are successfully used by hundreds of arthroplasty surgeons and early PROM-adopter clinical systems. The authors developed guidelines to inform clinical care, drive quality-improvement activities, and support reporting for payer-sponsored incentives. They also outlined future research that is needed to define methods for optimal patient engagement, technology infrastructure, and operational systems to seamlessly integrate PROM collection in clinical care.
AHRQ-funded; HS018910.
Citation: Franklin PD, Bond CP, Rothrock NE .
Strategies for effective implementation of patient-reported outcome measures in arthroplasty practice.
J Bone Joint Surg Am 2021 Dec 15;103(24):e97. doi: 10.2106/jbjs.20.02072..
Keywords: Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Orthopedics, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care, Evidence-Based Practice, Implementation, Outcomes
Fris E, Sedlock E, Etchegaray J
Development and testing of the Stakeholder Quality Improvement Perspectives Survey (SQuIPS).
The authors created a theory-informed survey that quality improvement (QI) teams can use to understand stakeholder perceptions of an intervention. Through a cross-sectional survey of QI stakeholders, they found that The Stakeholder Quality Improvement Perspectives Survey was feasible for QI teams to use, and it identified stakeholder perspectives about QI interventions that leaders used to alter their QI interventions to potentially increase the likelihood of stakeholder acceptance of the intervention.
AHRQ-funded; HS024459.
Citation: Fris E, Sedlock E, Etchegaray J .
Development and testing of the Stakeholder Quality Improvement Perspectives Survey (SQuIPS).
BMJ Open Qual 2021 Dec;10(4). doi: 10.1136/bmjoq-2020-001332..
Keywords: Quality Improvement, Quality of Care, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), Patient Safety, Newborns/Infants
Gephart SM, Newnam K, Weiss A
Feasibility and acceptability of a Neonatal Project ECHO (NeoECHO) as a dissemination and implementation strategy to prevent necrotizing enterocolitis.
Investigators examined the feasibility and acceptability of the care tools bundle NeoECHO to disseminate NEC-Zero education and describe the intentions of internal facilitators and clinicians to initiate quality improvement changes. They found that NeoECHO was an acceptable and feasible way to engage under-resourced NICUs and share NEC-Zero evidence and tools. They recommended more research to examine the impact of NeoECHO on care processes and patient outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS022908.
Citation: Gephart SM, Newnam K, Weiss A .
Feasibility and acceptability of a Neonatal Project ECHO (NeoECHO) as a dissemination and implementation strategy to prevent necrotizing enterocolitis.
Worldviews Evid Based Nurs 2021 Dec;18(6):361-70. doi: 10.1111/wvn.12529..
Keywords: Newborns/Infants, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Implementation
Davila H, Shippee TP, Park YS
Inside the black box of improving on nursing home quality measures.
This qualitative study investigated how nursing homes (NHs) interact with quality measures (QMs) used by Nursing Home Compare (NHC) as part of its 5-star rating system. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 110 NH personnel and 23 NH provider association representatives. Observations of organizational processes in 12 NHs in three states were also done. The authors found that most NHs are working to improve the quality of care they provide, not merely to improve their QM scores. They also found limitations with the QMs, suggesting that the QMs on their own may not accurately reflect the quality of care that NHs provide. The findings suggest several changes to improve NHC.
AHRQ-funded; HS024967.
Citation: Davila H, Shippee TP, Park YS .
Inside the black box of improving on nursing home quality measures.
Med Care Res Rev 2021 Dec;78(6):758-70. doi: 10.1177/1077558720960326..
Keywords: Nursing Homes, Quality Indicators (QIs), Quality Measures, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care, Provider Performance, Long-Term Care
Bender M, Williams M, Cruz MF
A study protocol to evaluate the implementation and effectiveness of the Clinical Nurse Leader care model in improving quality and safety outcomes.
The authors discuss the Clinical Nurse Leader care model, a Hybrid Type II Implementation-Effectiveness study to evaluate the effect of the care model on standardized quality and safety outcomes and to identify implementation characteristics that are sufficient and necessary to achieve outcomes. Findings are expected to elucidate Registered Nurse's mechanisms of action as organized into frontline models of care and link actions to improved care quality and safety.
AHRQ-funded; HS027181.
Citation: Bender M, Williams M, Cruz MF .
A study protocol to evaluate the implementation and effectiveness of the Clinical Nurse Leader care model in improving quality and safety outcomes.
Nurs Open 2021 Nov;8(6):3688-96. doi: 10.1002/nop2.910..
Keywords: Implementation, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care, Patient Safety, Nursing, Evidence-Based Practice
Vaughan CP, Hwang U, Vandenberg AE
Early prescribing outcomes after exporting the EQUIPPED medication safety improvement programme.
Enhancing quality of prescribing practices for older adults discharged from the Emergency Department (EQUIPPED) aims to reduce the monthly proportion of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) prescribed to older adults discharged from the ED to 5% or less. In this paper, the investigator described prescribing outcomes at three academic health systems adapting and sequentially implementing the EQUIPPED medication safety programme.
AHRQ-funded; HS024499.
Citation: Vaughan CP, Hwang U, Vandenberg AE .
Early prescribing outcomes after exporting the EQUIPPED medication safety improvement programme.
BMJ Open Qual 2021 Nov;10(4). doi: 10.1136/bmjoq-2021-001369..
Keywords: Elderly, Medication: Safety, Medication, Patient Safety, Emergency Department, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care
Delaney LD, Howard R, Palazzolo K
Outcomes of a presurgical optimization program for elective hernia repairs among high-risk patients.
The authors evaluated the feasibility of evidence-based patient optimization before surgery by implementing a low-cost preoperative optimization clinic. They found that a hernia optimization clinic safely improved management of high-risk patients and increased operative yield for the institution. They concluded that their results represented an opportunity to create sustainable and scalable models that provide longitudinal care and optimize patients to improve outcomes of hernia repair.
AHRQ-funded; HS025778.
Citation: Delaney LD, Howard R, Palazzolo K .
Outcomes of a presurgical optimization program for elective hernia repairs among high-risk patients.
JAMA Netw Open 2021 Nov;4(11):e2130016. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.30016..
Keywords: Surgery, Risk, Evidence-Based Practice, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care, Outcomes
Quigley DD, Elliott MN, Slaughter ME
Shadow coaching improves patient experience with care, but gains erode later.
Health care organizations strive to improve patient care experiences. Some use one-on-one provider counseling (shadow coaching) to identify and target modifiable provider behaviors. In this study, the investigators examined whether shadow coaching improved patient experience across 44 primary care practices in a large urban Federally Qualified Health Center. The investigators concluded that shadow coaching improved providers' overall performance and communication immediately after being coached.
AHRQ-funded; HS025920.
Citation: Quigley DD, Elliott MN, Slaughter ME .
Shadow coaching improves patient experience with care, but gains erode later.
Med Care 2021 Nov;59(11):950-60. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000001629..
Keywords: Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Patient Experience, Provider Performance, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care, Primary Care
Schechter S, Jaladanki S, Rodean J
Sustainability of paediatric asthma care quality in community hospitals after ending a national quality improvement collaborative.
Community hospitals, which care for most hospitalised children in the USA, may be vulnerable to declines in paediatric care quality when quality improvement (QI) initiatives end. In this study, the investigators aimed to evaluate changes in care quality in community hospitals after the end of the Pathways for Improving Paediatric Asthma Care (PIPA) national QI collaborative. The investigators concluded that the end of the paediatric asthma QI collaborative was associated with concerning declines in guideline adherence in community hospitals.
AHRQ-funded; HS027041.
Citation: Schechter S, Jaladanki S, Rodean J .
Sustainability of paediatric asthma care quality in community hospitals after ending a national quality improvement collaborative.
BMJ Qual Saf 2021 Nov;30(11):876-83. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2020-012292..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Hospitals, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care
Linzer M, Neprash H, Brown R
Where trust flourishes: perceptions of clinicians who trust their organizations and are trusted by their patients.
Investigators sought to determine perceived characteristics of clinics by clinicians who trust their organizations and whose patients have trust in them. Baseline data was obtained from the Healthy Work Place trial and included 165 clinicians with 1,132 patients. They found that high clinician-high patient trust occurred when clinicians perceived their organizational cultures to have (1) an emphasis on quality, (2) an emphasis on communication and information, (3) cohesiveness among clinicians, and (4) values alignment between clinicians and leaders.
AHRQ-funded; HS018160.
Citation: Linzer M, Neprash H, Brown R .
Where trust flourishes: perceptions of clinicians who trust their organizations and are trusted by their patients.
Ann Fam Med 2021 Nov-Dec;19(6):521-26. doi: 10.1370/afm.2732..
Keywords: Practice Improvement, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care
Roberts ET, Song Z, Ding L
Changes in patient experiences and assessment of gaming among large clinician practices in precursors of the merit-based incentive payment system.
Medicare's Merit-Based Incentive Payment System (MIPS), a public reporting and pay-for-performance program, adjusts clinician payments based on publicly reported measures that are chosen primarily by clinicians or their practices. Within precursor programs of the MIPS, this study examined 1) practices' selection of Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS) patient experience measures for quality scoring under pay-for-performance and 2) the association between mandated public reporting on CAHPS measures and performance on those measures.
AHRQ-funded; HS026727.
Citation: Roberts ET, Song Z, Ding L .
Changes in patient experiences and assessment of gaming among large clinician practices in precursors of the merit-based incentive payment system.
JAMA Health Forum 2021 Oct;2(10). doi: 10.1001/jamahealthforum.2021.3105..
Keywords: Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Patient Experience, Medicare, Provider Performance, Payment, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care