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Search All Research Studies
Topics
- Adverse Events (1)
- Antibiotics (2)
- Behavioral Health (1)
- Blood Clots (2)
- Blood Thinners (1)
- Cancer (1)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (1)
- (-) Comparative Effectiveness (7)
- Dementia (1)
- Evidence-Based Practice (4)
- Guidelines (1)
- Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) (2)
- Heart Disease and Health (1)
- Hospitalization (1)
- Injuries and Wounds (1)
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- (-) Medication (7)
- Neurological Disorders (1)
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- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (4)
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- (-) Prevention (7)
- Surgery (2)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 7 of 7 Research Studies DisplayedBrajcic BC, Ko CY, Liu JB
A NSQIP-based randomized clinical trial evaluating choice of prophylactic antibiotics for pancreaticoduodenectomy.
This paper describes the protocol for an upcoming multicenter randomized surgical trial to evaluate choice of prophylactic antibiotics for pancreaticoduodenectomy. The rationale and methodology of the trial evaluating piperacillin-tazobactam compared to cefoxitin for surgical site infection prevention is described. The study will utilize a clinical registry for data collection.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078.
Citation: Brajcic BC, Ko CY, Liu JB .
A NSQIP-based randomized clinical trial evaluating choice of prophylactic antibiotics for pancreaticoduodenectomy.
J Surg Oncol 2021 May;123(6):1387-94. doi: 10.1002/jso.26402..
Keywords: Cancer, Antibiotics, Medication, Prevention, Surgery, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice
Oh ES, Needham DM, Nikooie R
Antipsychotics for preventing delirium in hospitalized adults: a systematic review.
The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review evaluating the benefits and harms of antipsychotics to treat delirium in adults. Results showed that there was little evidence demonstrating neurologic harms associated with short-term use of antipsychotics for treating delirium in adult inpatients, but potentially harmful cardiac effects tended to occur more frequently. Current evidence does not support routine use of haloperidol or second-generation antipsychotics to treat delirium in adult inpatients.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500006I.
Citation: Oh ES, Needham DM, Nikooie R .
Antipsychotics for preventing delirium in hospitalized adults: a systematic review.
Ann Intern Med 2019 Oct 1;171(7):474-84. doi: 10.7326/m19-1859..
Keywords: Neurological Disorders, Medication, Hospitalization, Inpatient Care, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Evidence-Based Practice, Comparative Effectiveness, Behavioral Health, Prevention
Wang SV, Huybrechts KF, Fischer MA
Generalized boosted modeling to identify subgroups where effect of dabigatran versus warfarin may differ: an observational cohort study of patients with atrial fibrillation.
The purpose of this study was to explore generalized boosted modeling (GBM) as a method for identifying subgroups with greater benefit or harm with dabigatran versus warfarin for treatment of atrial fibrillation. The investigators concluded that dabigatran's superiority to warfarin at prevention of thromboembolism may be greater in secondary than primary prevention. They indicated that in practice, secondary prevention patients are more often treated with warfarin.
AHRQ-funded; HS022193.
Citation: Wang SV, Huybrechts KF, Fischer MA .
Generalized boosted modeling to identify subgroups where effect of dabigatran versus warfarin may differ: an observational cohort study of patients with atrial fibrillation.
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2018 Apr;27(4):383-90. doi: 10.1002/pds.4395..
Keywords: Blood Clots, Blood Thinners, Cardiovascular Conditions, Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice, Heart Disease and Health, Medication, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Prevention
Fink HA, Jutkowitz E, McCarten JR
Pharmacologic interventions to prevent cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment, and clinical Alzheimer-type dementia: a systematic review.
This review summarized current evidence on the efficacy and harms of pharmacologic interventions to prevent or delay cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or dementia in adults with normal cognition or MCI. It concluded that evidence does not support use of the studied pharmacologic treatments for cognitive protection in persons with normal cognition or MCI.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500008I.
Citation: Fink HA, Jutkowitz E, McCarten JR .
Pharmacologic interventions to prevent cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment, and clinical Alzheimer-type dementia: a systematic review.
Ann Intern Med 2018 Jan 2;168(1):39-51. doi: 10.7326/m17-1529.
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Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Dementia, Medication, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Prevention
Obremskey WT, Schmidt AH, O'Toole RV
A prospective randomized trial to assess oral versus intravenous antibiotics for the treatment of postoperative wound infection after extremity fractures (POvIV study).
The POvIV study is a prospective, multicenter, randomized trial to compare oral (PO) with intravenous (IV) antibiotic therapy in patients with postoperative wound infections after extremity fractures. This study will be the largest prospective randomized trial to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of PO antibiotic use for treatment of postoperative wound infections. Results will inform clinician decisions on antibiotic delivery in patients with postoperative wound infections.
AHRQ-funded; HS000029.
Citation: Obremskey WT, Schmidt AH, O'Toole RV .
A prospective randomized trial to assess oral versus intravenous antibiotics for the treatment of postoperative wound infection after extremity fractures (POvIV study).
J Orthop Trauma 2017 Apr;31 Suppl 1:S32-s38. doi: 10.1097/bot.0000000000000802.
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Keywords: Antibiotics, Surgery, Injuries and Wounds, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Comparative Effectiveness, Medication, Patient Safety, Adverse Events, Prevention, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes
Shekelle PG, Newberry SJ, FitzGerald JD
Management of gout: a systematic review in support of an American College of Physicians clinical practice guideline.
The authors reviewed evidence about treatment of acute gout attacks, management of hyperuricemia to prevent attacks, and discontinuation of medications for chronic gout in adults. They concluded that colchicine, NSAIDs, and corticosteroids relieve pain in adults with acute gout. Urate-lowering therapy decreases serum urate levels and reduces risk for acute gout attacks.
AHRQ-funded; 290201200006I.
Citation: Shekelle PG, Newberry SJ, FitzGerald JD .
Management of gout: a systematic review in support of an American College of Physicians clinical practice guideline.
Ann Intern Med 2017 Jan 3;166(1):37-51. doi: 10.7326/m16-0461.
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Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Prevention, Medication, Comparative Effectiveness
Wong A, Kraus PS, Lau BD
Patient preferences regarding pharmacologic venous thromboembolism prophylaxis.
The purpose of this study was to assess patient preferences regarding pharmacological venous thromboembolism prophylaxis. It found that a majority preferred an oral route of administration for prophylaxis. Also, patients preferring subcutaneous injections were less likely to refuse doses of ordered pharmacologic prophylaxis.
AHRQ-funded; HS017952.
Citation: Wong A, Kraus PS, Lau BD .
Patient preferences regarding pharmacologic venous thromboembolism prophylaxis.
J Hosp Med 2015 Feb;10(2):108-11. doi: 10.1002/jhm.2282..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Blood Clots, Medication, Prevention