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Search All Research Studies
Topics
- Adverse Drug Events (ADE) (1)
- Adverse Events (1)
- Antibiotics (1)
- Asthma (1)
- (-) Children/Adolescents (5)
- Chronic Conditions (1)
- Comparative Effectiveness (1)
- Evidence-Based Practice (1)
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) (1)
- (-) Medication (5)
- Neurological Disorders (2)
- (-) Outcomes (5)
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- Pneumonia (1)
- Respiratory Conditions (1)
- Sickle Cell Disease (1)
- Young Adults (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 5 of 5 Research Studies DisplayedCreary SE, Beeman C, Stanek J
Impact of hydroxyurea dose and adherence on hematologic outcomes for children with sickle cell anemia.
The purpose of this study was to quantify the contributions of hydroxyurea dose and medication adherence to the association between hydroxyurea exposure and hematologic parameters in children with sickle cell anemia (SCA.) Using data from children with SCA who were enrolled in two prospective hydroxyurea adherence studies, the researchers assessed the association by video of directly observed therapy or electronic pill bottle and medication administration record. Forty-five participants were included in the analysis. The study reported that higher exposure was related with higher fetal hemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume. The researchers concluded that higher hydroxyurea dose was related with improved hematologic parameters and is affected by level of prescribed dose and adherence.
AHRQ-funded; HS023011.
Citation: Creary SE, Beeman C, Stanek J .
Impact of hydroxyurea dose and adherence on hematologic outcomes for children with sickle cell anemia.
Pediatr Blood Cancer 2022 Jun;69(6):e29607. doi: 10.1002/pbc.29607..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Medication, Sickle Cell Disease, Chronic Conditions, Outcomes, Patient Adherence/Compliance
Ing C, Jackson WM, Zaccariello MJ
Prospectively assessed neurodevelopmental outcomes in studies of anaesthetic neurotoxicity in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis tried to answer the question whether exposure to a single general anesthetic (GA) in early childhood causes long-term neurodevelopmental problems. Databases searched from inception to October 2019 were PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Outcomes common to at least three studies were evaluated using a random-effects meta-analyses. A total of 841 out of 1644 children who had a single exposure to GA were evaluated. Findings were that there were statistically significant increases in parent reports of behavioral problems but no difference in general intelligence.
AHRQ-funded; HS026493.
Citation: Ing C, Jackson WM, Zaccariello MJ .
Prospectively assessed neurodevelopmental outcomes in studies of anaesthetic neurotoxicity in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Br J Anaesth 2021 Feb;126(2):433-44. doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2020.10.022..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Neurological Disorders, Medication, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Evidence-Based Practice, Outcomes
Thomson J, Hall M, Ambroggio L
Antibiotics for aspiration pneumonia in neurologically impaired children.
The objective of the study was to compare hospital outcomes associated with commonly used antibiotic therapies for aspiration pneumonia in children with neurologic impairment (NI). The investigators concluded that anaerobic therapy appeared to be important in the treatment of aspiration pneumonia in children with NI. They suggested that while Gram-negative coverage alone was associated with worse outcomes, its addition to anaerobic therapy may not yield improved outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS025138.
Citation: Thomson J, Hall M, Ambroggio L .
Antibiotics for aspiration pneumonia in neurologically impaired children.
J Hosp Med 2020 Jul;15(7):395-402. doi: 10.12788/jhm.3338..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Pneumonia, Respiratory Conditions, Neurological Disorders, Antibiotics, Medication, Outcomes
Griffith DC, Farmer C, Gebo KA
Uptake and virological outcomes of single- versus multi-tablet antiretroviral regimens among treatment-naive youth in the HIV Research Network.
Researchers studied the impact of single-tablet regiments (STRs) versus multi-tablet regimens (MTRs) in the treatment of HIV with youth with HIV (YHIV) in the HIV Research Network between the ages of 13 and 24. The use of STRs was associated with greater compliance in their antiretroviral regiments and better outcomes over an 8-year period (2006-2014) at 18 US HIV clinical sites.
AHRQ-funded; 290201100007C.
Citation: Griffith DC, Farmer C, Gebo KA .
Uptake and virological outcomes of single- versus multi-tablet antiretroviral regimens among treatment-naive youth in the HIV Research Network.
HIV Med 2019 Feb;20(2):169-74. doi: 10.1111/hiv.12695..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Medication, Outcomes, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Young Adults
Li L, Vollmer WM, Butler MG
A comparison of confounding adjustment methods for assessment of asthma controller medication effectiveness.
Using three confounding adjustment procedures—covariate-adjusted regression, propensity score regression, and high-dimemsional propensity score regression—on a population of 24,680 children with asthma, researchers found that patients treated with leukotriene antagonists were no more likely than those treated with inhaled corticosteroids to experience adverse outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS019669
Citation: Li L, Vollmer WM, Butler MG .
A comparison of confounding adjustment methods for assessment of asthma controller medication effectiveness.
Am J Epidemiol. 2014 Mar 1;179(5):648-59. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwt323..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Outcomes, Children/Adolescents, Asthma, Medication