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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
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1 to 5 of 5 Research Studies DisplayedMcCreedy E, Ogarek JA, Thomas KS
The minimum data set agitated and reactive behavior scale: measuring behaviors in nursing home residents with dementia.
Researchers in this study test the internal consistency and construct validity of the Agitated and Reactive Behavior Scale (ARBS), a measure created to measure agitated and aggressive behaviors in dementia residents at nursing homes (NHs). This cross-sectional study used data from the 2016 national sample of 15,326 Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services-certified NHs. The sample included 489,854 new admissions and 765,367 long-stay residents (defined as 90 days or more) all diagnosed with dementia. The ARBS is a composite measure of physical and verbal agitation or aggressiveness towards other people; other behavioral symptoms not directed at other people; and rejection of care. The study found that 1) the ARBS score has borderline-adequate internal consistency in the national population of NH residents with dementia; 2) only 18% of new admissions, and 21% of long-stay residents with dementia displayed any aggressive or agitated behaviors in the previous week; and 3) the ARBS demonstrated good construct validity. Conclusions were that nationally available MDS data may significantly underestimate the prevalence of agitated and aggressive behaviors among NH dementia patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS000011.
Citation: McCreedy E, Ogarek JA, Thomas KS .
The minimum data set agitated and reactive behavior scale: measuring behaviors in nursing home residents with dementia.
J Am Med Dir Assoc 2019 Dec;20(12):1548-52. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2019.08.030..
Keywords: Elderly, Dementia, Neurological Disorders, Nursing Homes, Long-Term Care, Behavioral Health
Parker WF, Georges RJ, Gao YN
Association between groundwater lithium and the diagnosis of bipolar disorder and dementia in the United States.
This study examined the association between groundwater lithium and the diagnoses of bipolar disorder and dementia in the United States, with adjustment for local health care resources and demographics. Data on groundwater lithium concentrations was collected by the US Geological Survey, and diagnoses were identified from inpatient hospital, long-term care, and other therapy claims files from several sources. The results of the study indicate that, in spite of the substantial variations in groundwater lithium exposure, no significant association between exposure and the risk of bipolar disorder or dementia after adjustment for county-level demographics and health care resource was found. The authors note that therapeutic lithium doses are orders of magnitude larger than groundwater lithium concentrations, which makes a true causal relationship between groundwater lithium and mental health dubious.
AHRQ-funded; HS000084.
Citation: Parker WF, Georges RJ, Gao YN .
Association between groundwater lithium and the diagnosis of bipolar disorder and dementia in the United States.
JAMA Psychiatry 2018 Jul;75(7):751-54. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.1020..
Keywords: Dementia, Behavioral Health, Neurological Disorders, Risk
Callahan CM, Bateman DR, Wang S
State of science: bridging the science-practice gap in aging, dementia and mental health.
This article describes why new models of care in aging, dementia, and mental health diffuse inadequately into the healthcare systems and communities where they might benefit older adults. The investigators review a general framework for the diffusion of innovations and highlight the importance of other features of innovations that deter or facilitate diffusion.
AHRQ-funded; HS024384.
Citation: Callahan CM, Bateman DR, Wang S .
State of science: bridging the science-practice gap in aging, dementia and mental health.
J Am Geriatr Soc 2018 Apr;66(Suppl 1):S28-s35. doi: 10.1111/jgs.15320..
Keywords: Elderly, Dementia, Behavioral Health, Healthcare Delivery, Neurological Disorders, Implementation, Evidence-Based Practice
Jutkowitz E, MacLehose RF, Gaugler JE
Risk factors associated with cognitive, functional, and behavioral trajectories of newly diagnosed dementia patients.
This study examined the effect of sociodemographic and clinical risk factors on cognitive, functional, and behavioral declines in incident dementia patients. Age of onset, region of residence, and history of hypertension and psychiatric problems predicted behaviors at diagnosis. Cognition explained changes in behavior. Sociodemographic characteristics and clinical comorbidities predicted cognitive and functional changes. Only cognitive status explained behavioral decline.
AHRQ-funded; HS024165.
Citation: Jutkowitz E, MacLehose RF, Gaugler JE .
Risk factors associated with cognitive, functional, and behavioral trajectories of newly diagnosed dementia patients.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2017 Feb;72(2):251-58. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glw079.
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Keywords: Dementia, Elderly, Behavioral Health, Neurological Disorders, Risk, Social Determinants of Health
Gerhard T, Devanand DP, Huang C
Lithium treatment and risk for dementia in adults with bipolar disorder: population-based cohort study.
This study examined the association of lithium and dementia risk in a large claims-based US cohort of publicly insured older adults with bipolar disorder. It found that compared with non-use, 301–365 days of lithium exposure was associated with significantly reduced dementia risk. No corresponding association was observed for shorter lithium exposures.
AHRQ-funded; HS021112.
Citation: Gerhard T, Devanand DP, Huang C .
Lithium treatment and risk for dementia in adults with bipolar disorder: population-based cohort study.
Br J Psychiatry 2015 Jul;207(1):46-51. doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.114.154047..
Keywords: Dementia, Risk, Behavioral Health, Medication