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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
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1 to 7 of 7 Research Studies DisplayedDesir FA, Lesko CR, Moore RD
One sIZE fITS (n)one: the influence of sex, age, and sexual human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition risk on racial/ethnic disparities in the HIV care continuum in the United States.
In this study the investigators examined the impact of sex, age, and sexual HIV acquisition risk (ie, heterosexual vs same-sex contact) on the magnitude of HIV-related racial/ethnic disparities. They found that racial/ethnic differences in HIV care persist in specific populations defined by sex, age, and sexual HIV acquisition risk. They suggest that clinical and public health interventions that jointly target these demographic factors are needed.
AHRQ-funded; 90047713.
Citation: Desir FA, Lesko CR, Moore RD .
One sIZE fITS (n)one: the influence of sex, age, and sexual human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition risk on racial/ethnic disparities in the HIV care continuum in the United States.
Clin Infect Dis 2019 Feb 15;68(5):795-802. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciy556..
Keywords: Disparities, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Risk
Wingood GM, Lambert D, Renfro T
A multilevel intervention with African American churches to enhance adoption of point-of-care HIV and diabetes testing, 2014-2018.
This article describes a multilevel intervention to enhance the adoption of point-of-care HIV and diabetes testing at church health fairs in Atlanta, GA. Church leaders viewed a video and subsequently conducted social activities that support testing; a third of the churches involved hosted HIV and diabetes health fairs and resulted in an increase in attendees receiving HIV or diabetes testing. The authors conclude that this implementation science approach could reduce HIV and diabetes disparities among African Americans.
AHRQ-funded; HS022059.
Citation: Wingood GM, Lambert D, Renfro T .
A multilevel intervention with African American churches to enhance adoption of point-of-care HIV and diabetes testing, 2014-2018.
Am J Public Health 2019 Feb;109(S2):S141-s44. doi: 10.2105/ajph.2019.304990..
Keywords: Diabetes, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Prevention, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Disparities, Screening
Rice WS, Logie CH, Napoles TM
Perceptions of intersectional stigma among diverse women living with HIV in the United States.
This study conducted 76 interviews with diverse women with HIV from varied socioeconomic backgrounds in Birmingham AL, Jackson MI, Atlanta GA, and San Francisco CA, who were enrolled in the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS). The purpose was to examine perceptions of intersectional stigma among women living with HIV. The women interviewed shared their perceptions of the various forms of stigma and discrimination they had experienced, most commonly related to gender, race, income level, as well as their incarceration histories and weight. The study’s findings highlight the complexity of the social processes of marginalization, and the need for public health strategies to promote wellbeing among women living with HIV and to reduce social structural and health disparities.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Rice WS, Logie CH, Napoles TM .
Perceptions of intersectional stigma among diverse women living with HIV in the United States.
Soc Sci Med 2018 Jul;208:9-17. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.05.001..
Keywords: Disparities, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Social Stigma, Women
Behler RL, Cornwell BT, Schneider JA
Patterns of social affiliations and healthcare engagement among young, black, men who have sex with men.
This study investigates how individuals’ social affiliations affect their knowledge of and engagement with public health services. A sample of 618 young black men who have sex with men (YBMSM) in Chicago were used to identify connections within their social networks. Men who had stronger affiliations with the Chicago gay community had more knowledge of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), while men who had stronger affiliations with the black community had improved HIV treatment outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS024167.
Citation: Behler RL, Cornwell BT, Schneider JA .
Patterns of social affiliations and healthcare engagement among young, black, men who have sex with men.
AIDS Behav 2018 Mar;22(3):806-18. doi: 10.1007/s10461-016-1668-3..
Keywords: Disparities, Healthcare Delivery, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Men's Health, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Haines CF, Fleishman JA, Yehia BR
AHRQ Author: Fleishman JA
Closing the gap in antiretroviral initiation and viral suppression: time trends and racial disparities.
In the current antiretroviral (ART) era, the evolution of HIV guidelines and emergence of new ART agents might be expected to impact the times to ART initiation (AI) and HIV virologic suppression. The researchers sought to determine if times to AI and virologic suppression decreased and if disparities exist. Since 2007, times from enrollment to AI and virologic suppression have decreased significantly compared with 2003-2004.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Haines CF, Fleishman JA, Yehia BR .
Closing the gap in antiretroviral initiation and viral suppression: time trends and racial disparities.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2016 Nov 1;73(3):340-47. doi: 10.1097/qai.0000000000001114.
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Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Disparities, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Sentell T, Marten L, Ahn HJ
Disparities in hospitalizations among HIV positive individuals for native Hawaiians and Asians compared to whites in Hawaii.
This study investigated characteristics and disparities in hospitalizations among HIV positive individuals for Asian American subgroups and Native Hawaiians using data from all hospitalizations in Hawai‘i between December 2006 and December 2010. It concluded that disparities appear to exist in rates of hospitalizations among HIV positive individuals for Native Hawaiians and Asians, as well as in the demographic and, to some degree, the clinical characteristics of those hospitalized.
AHRQ-funded; HS019990.
Citation: Sentell T, Marten L, Ahn HJ .
Disparities in hospitalizations among HIV positive individuals for native Hawaiians and Asians compared to whites in Hawaii.
Hawaii J Med Public Health 2014 Oct;73(10):308-14..
Keywords: Hospitalization, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Disparities, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Zhang SM, McGoy SL, Dawes D
The potential for elimination of racial-ethnic disparities in HIV treatment initiation in the Medicaid population among 14 southern states.
This study explored racial/ethnic disparities in the initiation of antiretroviral treatment among HIV-infected Medicaid enrollees in 14 Southern States. It found no significant differences between blacks and non-Hispanic whites but Hispanic/Latino persons were significantly less likely to receive antiretroviral treatment.
AHRQ-funded; HS022444; HS019470
Citation: Zhang SM, McGoy SL, Dawes D .
The potential for elimination of racial-ethnic disparities in HIV treatment initiation in the Medicaid population among 14 southern states.
PLoS One. 2014 Apr 25;9(4):e96148. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096148..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Disparities, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Medicaid