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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
251 to 275 of 319 Research Studies DisplayedParikh KS, Lippmann SJ, Greiner M
Scope of sacubitril/valsartan eligibility after heart failure hospitalization: findings from the GWTG-HF Registry (Get With The Guidelines-Heart Failure).
Researchers used the Get With The Guidelines-Heart Failure (GWTG-HF) registry to characterize patients’ eligibility and potential barriers for sacubitril/valsartan initiation. The GWTG-HF registry was established by the American Heart Association to improve adherence to quality of care guidelines for patients hospitalized with heart failure. The FDA has approved sacubitril/valsartan for patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF); however, FDA labeling is broader than the trial entry criteria, and the scope of potential sacubitril/valsartan use in HFrEF is not well understood. Findings suggest that discharge from hospitalization from acute heart failure may be an opportunity for re-evaluating medications, including potentially switching the patient from ACEI/ARB, or starting sacubitril/valsartan.
AHRQ-funded; HS021092.
Citation: Parikh KS, Lippmann SJ, Greiner M .
Scope of sacubitril/valsartan eligibility after heart failure hospitalization: findings from the GWTG-HF Registry (Get With The Guidelines-Heart Failure).
Circulation 2017 May 23;135(21):2077-80. doi: 10.1161/circulationaha.117.027773..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Guidelines, Heart Disease and Health, Hospitalization, Medication, Registries
Adedinsewo D, Xu J, Agasthi P
Effect of digoxin use among Medicaid enrollees with atrial fibrillation.
The study’s goal was to examine risk factors for hospitalizations and mortality with digoxin use in a diverse real-world atrial fibrillation patient population and evaluate racial differences. It found an overall increased risk of hospitalizations and mortality with digoxin use. No racial/ethnic differences in outcomes were observed.
AHRQ-funded; HS022444.
Citation: Adedinsewo D, Xu J, Agasthi P .
Effect of digoxin use among Medicaid enrollees with atrial fibrillation.
Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2017 May;10(5):e004573. doi: 10.1161/circep.116.004573.
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Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Medication, Medicaid, Cardiovascular Conditions, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Ritchey MD, Loustalot F, Wall HK
AHRQ Author: Steiner CA
Million Hearts: description of the national surveillance and modeling methodology used to monitor the number of cardiovascular events prevented during 2012-2016.
This study describes the national surveillance and modeling methodology developed to monitor achievement of the Million Hearts initiative's aim of preventing 1 million acute myocardial infarctions, strokes, and other related cardiovascular events during 2012-2016. The authors concluded that around 115 000 events were prevented during the initiative's first 2 years compared with what would have occurred had 2011 rates remained stable.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Ritchey MD, Loustalot F, Wall HK .
Million Hearts: description of the national surveillance and modeling methodology used to monitor the number of cardiovascular events prevented during 2012-2016.
J Am Heart Assoc 2017 May 2;6(5). doi: 10.1161/jaha.117.006021.
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Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Prevention
Palamaner Subash Shantha G, Bhave PD, Girotra S
Sex-specific comparative effectiveness of oral anticoagulants in elderly patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation.
This study assessed the sex-specific, comparative effectiveness of direct oral anticoagulants (rivaroxaban and dabigatran), compared to each other and to warfarin among patients with atrial fibrillation. It concluded that the reduced risk of ischemic stroke in patients taking rivaroxaban, compared with dabigatran and warfarin, seems to be limited to men, whereas the higher risk of bleeding seems to be limited to women.
AHRQ-funded; HS023104.
Citation: Palamaner Subash Shantha G, Bhave PD, Girotra S .
Sex-specific comparative effectiveness of oral anticoagulants in elderly patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation.
Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2017 Apr;10(4). doi: 10.1161/circoutcomes.116.003418.
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Keywords: Elderly, Heart Disease and Health, Blood Thinners, Medication, Comparative Effectiveness, Cardiovascular Conditions, Sex Factors, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice
Masoudi FA, Curtis JP, Desai NR
PCI appropriateness in New York: if it makes it there, can it make it everywhere?
In this article, the authors discuss cardiovascular medicine in the United States, specifically percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) procedures. They discuss New York’s experience with PCI. They assert that systematic examination of trends in utilization and characteristics of patients undergoing PCI in New York could provide important insights into these actions’ potential impact on clinical care.
AHRQ-funded; K12 HS023000.
Citation: Masoudi FA, Curtis JP, Desai NR .
PCI appropriateness in New York: if it makes it there, can it make it everywhere?
J Am Coll Cardiol 2017 Mar 14;69(10):1243-46. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.01.009..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Heart Disease and Health, Surgery
Yim CK, Barron Y, Moore S
Hospice enrollment in patients with advanced heart failure decreases acute medical service utilization.
Patients with advanced heart failure (HF) enroll in hospice at low rates, and data on their acute medical service utilization after hospice enrollment is limited. This descriptive analysis of Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries found that home health care Medicare beneficiaries with advanced HF who enrolled in hospice had lower acute medical service utilization after their enrollment.
AHRQ-funded; HS020257.
Citation: Yim CK, Barron Y, Moore S .
Hospice enrollment in patients with advanced heart failure decreases acute medical service utilization.
Circ Heart Fail 2017 Mar;10(3). doi: 10.1161/circheartfailure.116.003335.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Heart Disease and Health, Healthcare Utilization, Medicare, Palliative Care
Wang SV, Rogers JR, Jin Y
Use of electronic healthcare records to identify complex patients with atrial fibrillation for targeted intervention.
The researchers tested algorithms for identifying atrial fibrillation (AF) patients who also have known risk factors for stroke and major bleeding using electronic healthcare records (EHRs) data. The performance of candidate algorithms in 1000 bootstrap resamples was compared to a gold standard of manual chart review by experienced resident physicians of 480 patient charts. For 11 conditions, the median positive predictive value of the EHR-derived algorithms was greater than 0.90.
AHRQ-funded; HS022193.
Citation: Wang SV, Rogers JR, Jin Y .
Use of electronic healthcare records to identify complex patients with atrial fibrillation for targeted intervention.
J Am Med Inform Assoc 2017 Mar 1;24(2):339-44. doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocw082.
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Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Risk
Tam MC, Lee R, Cascino TM
Current perspectives on systemic hypertension in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a prevalent but incompletely understood syndrome. Traditional models of HFpEF pathophysiology revolve around systemic hypertension (HTN) and other causes of increased left ventricular afterload leading to left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and diastolic dysfunction. However, emerging models attribute the development of HFpEF to systemic proinflammatory changes secondary to common comorbidities which include HTN.
AHRQ-funded; HS024567.
Citation: Tam MC, Lee R, Cascino TM .
Current perspectives on systemic hypertension in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.
Curr Hypertens Rep 2017 Feb;19(2):12. doi: 10.1007/s11906-017-0709-2.
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Keywords: Blood Pressure, Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Stroke, Outcomes
Lu Y, Zhou S, Dreyer RP
Sex differences in inflammatory markers and health status among young adults with acute myocardial infarction: results from the VIRGO (Variation in Recovery: Role of Gender on Outcomes of Young Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients) Study.
This study assessed sex differences in post-acute myocardial infarction (AMI) inflammatory markers and whether such differences account for sex differences in 12-month health status, using data from 2219 adults with AMI, 18 to 55 years of age, in the United States. Overall, women had higher levels of inflammatory markers after AMI compared with men, and this remained statistically significant after multivariable adjustment.
AHRQ-funded; HS023000.
Citation: Lu Y, Zhou S, Dreyer RP .
Sex differences in inflammatory markers and health status among young adults with acute myocardial infarction: results from the VIRGO (Variation in Recovery: Role of Gender on Outcomes of Young Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients) Study.
Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2017 Feb;10(2):e003470. doi: 10.1161/circoutcomes.116.003470.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Health Status, Heart Disease and Health, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Sex Factors
Dreyer RP, Sciria C, Spatz ES
Young women with acute myocardial infarction: current perspectives.
The purpose of this cardiovascular perspective piece is to review recent studies of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in young women. More specifically, it emphasizes differences in the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of AMI in young women (when compared with men) across the continuum of care, including their pre-AMI, in-hospital, and post-AMI periods, and highlights gaps in knowledge and outcomes that can inform the next generation of research.
AHRQ-funded; HS023000.
Citation: Dreyer RP, Sciria C, Spatz ES .
Young women with acute myocardial infarction: current perspectives.
Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2017 Feb;10(2). doi: 10.1161/circoutcomes.116.003480.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Health Status, Heart Disease and Health, Risk
Vaughan Sarrazin MS, Jones M, Mazur A
Cost of hospital admissions in Medicare patients with atrial fibrillation taking warfarin, dabigatran, or rivaroxaban.
The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of anticoagulant choice on inpatient costs in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF). Analysis used 3-way propensity matching to create groups from AF patients taking dabigatran, rivaroxaban, or warfarin, and were plausible candidates for all 3 anticoagulants. Predicted values from two models were multiplied together to estimate expected costs per patient-year. The study concludes from its data that patients with newly diagnosed AF taking 150 mg dabigatran or 20 mg rivaroxaban experience lower annual inpatient costs than patients taking warfarin, due to fewer hospital admissions for stroke, non-gastrointestinal-related hemorrhages, and heart failure events.
AHRQ-funded; HS023104.
Citation: Vaughan Sarrazin MS, Jones M, Mazur A .
Cost of hospital admissions in Medicare patients with atrial fibrillation taking warfarin, dabigatran, or rivaroxaban.
J Am Coll Cardiol 2017 Jan 24;69(3):360-62. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.11.023..
Keywords: Blood Thinners, Heart Disease and Health, Medication, Healthcare Costs, Medicare, Hospitalization, Cardiovascular Conditions
Dhruva SS, Desai NR, Karaca-Mandic P
Medicare formulary changes after the 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Cholesterol Guideline.
This letter describes a study which examined the use of statins and non-statin medications at Medicare formularies before and after the 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) cholesterol guideline was released. The study found that while many formularies did restrict nonstatin medications as per the new guidelines, many others did not.
AHRQ-funded; HS023000.
Citation: Dhruva SS, Desai NR, Karaca-Mandic P .
Medicare formulary changes after the 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Cholesterol Guideline.
J Am Coll Cardiol 2017 Jan 17;69(2):244-46. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.10.053..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Heart Disease and Health, Guidelines, Medicare, Medication
Davis JD, Olsen MA, Bommarito K
All-payer analysis of heart failure hospitalization 30-day readmission: comorbidities matter.
In this study, the researchers investigated readmission characteristics and the magnitude of 30-day hospital readmissions after hospital discharge for heart failure using the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project State Inpatient Databases (SID). They found in this large all-payer cohort, ∼70% of 30-day readmissions were for non-heart failure causes, and the median time to readmission was 12 days.
AHRQ-funded; HS019455.
Citation: Davis JD, Olsen MA, Bommarito K .
All-payer analysis of heart failure hospitalization 30-day readmission: comorbidities matter.
Am J Med 2017 Jan;130(1):93.e9-93.e28. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2016.07.030..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Heart Disease and Health, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospital Readmissions, Hospitalization, Hospitals, Provider Performance
Bachmann JM, Goggins KM, Nwosu SK
Perceived health competence predicts health behavior and health-related quality of life in patients with cardiovascular disease.
The authors sought to evaluate the effect of perceived health competence on health behavior and health-related quality of life. They found that perceived health competence was highly associated with health behaviors and health-related quality of life, while low perceived health competence was associated with a decrease in health-related quality of life between hospitalization and 90 days after discharge. They concluded that perceived health competence predicts health behavior and health-related quality of life in patients hospitalized with cardiovascular disease as well as change in health-related quality of life after discharge.
AHRQ-funded; HS022990.
Citation: Bachmann JM, Goggins KM, Nwosu SK .
Perceived health competence predicts health behavior and health-related quality of life in patients with cardiovascular disease.
Patient Educ Couns 2016 Dec;99(12):2071-79. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2016.07.020.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Heart Disease and Health, Health Literacy, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Quality of Life
Masterson Creber RM, Hickey KT, Maurer MS
Gerontechnologies for older patients with heart failure: what is the role of smartphones, tablets, and remote monitoring devices in improving symptom monitoring and self-care management?
The authors discussed the role of gerontechnologies, specifically the use of mobile applications available on smartphones and tablets as well as remote monitoring systems, for outpatient disease management among older adults with heart failure.
AHRQ-funded; HS021816.
Citation: Masterson Creber RM, Hickey KT, Maurer MS .
Gerontechnologies for older patients with heart failure: what is the role of smartphones, tablets, and remote monitoring devices in improving symptom monitoring and self-care management?
Curr Cardiovasc Risk Rep 2016 Oct;10(10). doi: 10.1007/s12170-016-0511-8.
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Keywords: Elderly, Telehealth, Health Information Technology (HIT), Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Patient Self-Management
Kelly JP, Hammill BG, Doll JA
The potential impact of expanding cardiac rehabilitation in heart failure.
The authors sought to characterize the patient population newly eligible for cardiac rehabilitation (CR) based on the 2014 CMS expanded coverage criteria. Their findings suggested that expansion of coverage for the newly eligible group is an important systems process to undertake to rapidly increase the participating eligible patients and that extension of CR coverage to the ineligible group should be considered.
AHRQ-funded; HS021092.
Citation: Kelly JP, Hammill BG, Doll JA .
The potential impact of expanding cardiac rehabilitation in heart failure.
J Am Coll Cardiol 2016 Aug 30;68(9):977-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.05.081.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Elderly, Healthcare Utilization, Heart Disease and Health, Rehabilitation
Piccini JP, Fauchier L
Rhythm control in atrial fibrillation.
Many patients with atrial fibrillation have substantial symptoms despite ventricular rate control and require restoration of sinus rhythm to improve their quality of life. In patients who continue to have recurrent atrial fibrillation despite medical therapy, catheter ablation has been shown to substantially reduce recurrent atrial fibrillation, decrease symptoms, and improve quality of life.
AHRQ-funded; HS021092.
Citation: Piccini JP, Fauchier L .
Rhythm control in atrial fibrillation.
Lancet 2016 Aug 20;388(10046):829-40. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31277-6.
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Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Treatments
Mukherjee JT, Beshansky JR, Ruthazer R
In-hospital measurement of left ventricular ejection fraction and one-year outcomes in acute coronary syndromes: results from the IMMEDIATE Trial.
The relationships between reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) measured during index acute coronary syndrome (ACS) hospitalization and mortality and heart failure (HF) within 1 year are not well-defined. The researchers performed a retrospective analysis of 445 patients who had LVEF measured by left ventriculography or echocardiogram during hospitalization. They found that among patients with ACS, lower in-hospital LVEF is associated with increased 1-year mortality or hospitalization for HF.
AHRQ-funded; HS000060.
Citation: Mukherjee JT, Beshansky JR, Ruthazer R .
In-hospital measurement of left ventricular ejection fraction and one-year outcomes in acute coronary syndromes: results from the IMMEDIATE Trial.
Cardiovasc Ultrasound 2016 Aug 3;14(1):29. doi: 10.1186/s12947-016-0068-1.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Care Management, Heart Disease and Health, Mortality, Outcomes
Kabra R, Girotra S, Vaughan Sarrazin M
Refining stroke prediction in atrial fibrillation patients by addition of African-American ethnicity to CHA2DS2-VASc score.
The authors hypothesized that the addition of African-American ethnicity to the CHA2DS2-VASc score might improve stroke prediction in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). They found that, in patients over age 65 with newly diagnosed AF, the addition of ethnicity to CHA2DS2-VASc score significantly improved stroke prediction.
AHRQ-funded; HS023104.
Citation: Kabra R, Girotra S, Vaughan Sarrazin M .
Refining stroke prediction in atrial fibrillation patients by addition of African-American ethnicity to CHA2DS2-VASc score.
J Am Coll Cardiol 2016 Aug 2;68(5):461-70. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.05.044.
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Keywords: Stroke, Heart Disease and Health, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Risk, Cardiovascular Conditions
Karmali KN, Lee JY, Brown T
Predictors of cholesterol treatment discussions and statin prescribing for primary cardiovascular disease prevention in community health centers.
The authors aimed to identify factors associated with a cholesterol treatment discussion and statin prescribing in a high-risk population. They found that single risk factor management strongly influences cholesterol treatment discussions and statin prescribing patterns, and they recommended interventions that promote risk-based statin use.
AHRQ-funded; HS021141.
Citation: Karmali KN, Lee JY, Brown T .
Predictors of cholesterol treatment discussions and statin prescribing for primary cardiovascular disease prevention in community health centers.
Prev Med 2016 Jul;88:176-81. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.04.011.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Heart Disease and Health, Community-Based Practice, Medication, Prevention
Khazanie P, Greiner MA, Al-Khatib SM
Comparative effectiveness of cardiac resynchronization therapy among patients with heart failure and atrial fibrillation: Findings from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry's Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Registry.
The researchers investigated the outcomes of patients with both atrial fibrillation and heart failure who receive cardiac resynchronization therapy with defibrillator (CRT-D) compared with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) alone. They found that CRT-D was associated with lower risks of mortality, all-cause readmission, and heart failure readmission, as well as with a similar risk of complications compared with ICD alone.
AHRQ-funded; HS021092.
Citation: Khazanie P, Greiner MA, Al-Khatib SM .
Comparative effectiveness of cardiac resynchronization therapy among patients with heart failure and atrial fibrillation: Findings from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry's Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Registry.
Circ Heart Fail 2016 Jun;9(6). doi: 10.1161/circheartfailure.115.002324.
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Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Registries, Evidence-Based Practice, Outcomes
Piccini JP, Simon DN, Steinberg BA
Differences in clinical and functional outcomes of atrial fibrillation in women and men: two-year results from the ORBIT-AF Registry.
The purpose of this paper was to determine whether symptoms, quality of life, treatment, and outcomes differ between women and men with atrial fibrillation (AF). The authors found that women with AF have more symptoms and worse quality of life, lower risk-adjusted all-cause and cardiovascular death compared with men, but higher stroke rates.
AHRQ-funded; HS021092.
Citation: Piccini JP, Simon DN, Steinberg BA .
Differences in clinical and functional outcomes of atrial fibrillation in women and men: two-year results from the ORBIT-AF Registry.
JAMA Cardiol 2016 Jun 1;1(3):282-91. doi: 10.1001/jamacardio.2016.0529.
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Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Sex Factors, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Quality of Life, Registries, Evidence-Based Practice
Bangalore S, Guo Y, Samadashvili Z
Revascularization in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease and severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction: everolimus-eluting stents versus coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
This study compared outcomes for patients with multivessel disease and severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction (ejection fraction </=35%) who underwent either percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with everolimus-eluting stent or coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). It found that PCI with everolimus-eluting stent had comparable long-term survival in comparison with CABG. PCI was associated with higher risk of myocardial infarction (in those with incomplete revascularization) and repeat revascularization.
AHRQ-funded; HS023683.
Citation: Bangalore S, Guo Y, Samadashvili Z .
Revascularization in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease and severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction: everolimus-eluting stents versus coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
Circulation 2016 May 31;133(22):2132-40. doi: 10.1161/circulationaha.115.021168.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Heart Disease and Health, Surgery, Outcomes, Risk
O'Donoghue ML, Morrow DA, Cannon CP
Multimarker risk stratification in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
In this study, the investigators examined multimarker risk stratification in patients with acute myocardial infarction. They found that in patients with ST-elevation MI, a multimarker strategy that combines biomarkers across pathobiological axes of myocardial stress, myocyte necrosis, and inflammation provided incremental prognostic information for prediction of cardiovascular death or heart failure.
AHRQ-funded; HS023000.
Citation: O'Donoghue ML, Morrow DA, Cannon CP .
Multimarker risk stratification in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
J Am Heart Assoc 2016 May 20;5(5). doi: 10.1161/jaha.115.002586..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Heart Disease and Health, Risk
Holcomb CN, Hollis RH, Graham LA
Association of coronary stent indication with postoperative outcomes following noncardiac surgery.
The researchers sought to determine whether the clinical indication for a coronary stent is associated with postoperative major adverse cardiac events (MACE). They concluded that surgery in patients with a coronary stent placed for heart attack was associated with increased postoperative MACE rates compared with other stent indications.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Holcomb CN, Hollis RH, Graham LA .
Association of coronary stent indication with postoperative outcomes following noncardiac surgery.
JAMA Surg 2016 May;151(5):462-9. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2015.4545.
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Keywords: Surgery, Cardiovascular Conditions, Heart Disease and Health, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research