National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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- Cancer (2)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 10 of 10 Research Studies DisplayedDanan ER, White KM, Wilt TJ
Reactions to recommendations and evidence about prostate cancer screening among White and Black male veterans.
This study looked at differences in attitudes about recommendations and evidence on prostate cancer screening among White and Black male veterans. The authors provided a draft educational pamphlet about the benefits and harms of Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) screening to 44 men, ages 55-81 at a midwestern VA medical center in 2013 and 2015. The groups were divided into four White and two Black focus groups. Three universal themes were low baseline familiarity with prostate cancer, surprise and resistance to the guidelines not to test routinely, and negative emotions in response to ambiguity. Discussions in the White groups highlighted the potential benefits of screening, minimized the harms, and emphasized personal choice in screening decisions. Discussions in Black groups devoted almost no time to benefits, considered harms significant, and emphasized personal and collective responsibility for cancer prevention through diet, exercise, and alternative medicine. Discussion in Black groups also emphasized the history of racism and discrimination in healthcare and medical research.
AHRQ-funded; HS026379.
Citation: Danan ER, White KM, Wilt TJ .
Reactions to recommendations and evidence about prostate cancer screening among White and Black male veterans.
Am J Mens Health 2021 May-Jun;15(3):15579883211022110. doi: 10.1177/15579883211022110..
Keywords: Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Cancer, Screening, Prevention, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Evidence-Based Practice, Health Promotion, Education: Patient and Caregiver
Han G, Mayer M, Canner J
Development, implementation and evaluation of an online course on evidence-based healthcare for consumers.
This paper evaluated the effectiveness of an online self-paced course on evidence-based health care (EBHC) offered through the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health for the general public. Data was analyzed for participants who registered for the course from May 31, 2007 to December 31, 2018 (n = 15,606). 11,522 participants completed the “Before” evaluation and 4899 completed the “After” evaluation. The primary outcome looked for was improvement in self-reported confidence on EBHC-related topics after completion of the course. The overall mean change in confidence levels was +1.27 on a scale of 1 to 5. The mean changed by topic ranged from +1.00 to +1.90.
AHRQ-funded; HS016868.
Citation: Han G, Mayer M, Canner J .
Development, implementation and evaluation of an online course on evidence-based healthcare for consumers.
BMC Health Serv Res 2020 Oct 8;20(1):928. doi: 10.1186/s12913-020-05759-5..
Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Health Literacy
Presley C, Agne A, Shelton T
Mobile-enhanced peer support for African Americans with Type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial.
This study compared the effectiveness of a community-based diabetes self-management education (DSME) plus mobile health (mHealth)-enhanced peer support intervention to community-based DSME alone for African American adults with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes. This randomized controlled trial took place in Jefferson County, Alabama within a safety-net healthcare system with a group diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and hemoglobin A1C ≥ 7.5%. The intervention group reviewed community-based DSME plus 6 months of mHealth-enhanced peer support, including 12 weekly phone calls, then 3 monthly calls from community health workers. The control group received community based DSME only. Primary outcomes were lower A1C and secondary outcomes were lower diabetes distress, depressive symptoms, self-efficacy or confidence in their ability to manage diabetes, and social support. Of 120 participants selected, 97 completed the study. Both groups experienced clinical meaning reduction in A1C. Participants in the intervention group experienced a significantly larger reduction in diabetes distress compared to the control group.
AHRQ-funded; HS019465.
Citation: Presley C, Agne A, Shelton T .
Mobile-enhanced peer support for African Americans with Type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial.
J Gen Intern Med 2020 Oct;35(10):2889-96. doi: 10.1007/s11606-020-06011-w..
Keywords: Telehealth, Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient Self-Management, Diabetes, Chronic Conditions, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Community-Based Practice, Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice, Outcomes, Education: Patient and Caregiver
Ivlev I, Vander Ley KJ, Wiedrick J
Training patients to review scientific reports for the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute: an observational study.
This observational study aimed to evaluate the effect of new training for patient peer reviewers of scientific reports for the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI). A new online training in peer review was used to help change reviewers’ knowledge and skills and change self-efficacy and attitudes. Reviewers improved their answers to the knowledge questions. Median numbers of answers improved after the training, particularly in questions targeting the specifics of PCORI peer review. It modestly increased reviewers’ confidence in completing a high-quality peer review. Their excitement about providing a review slightly increased. All reviewers were satisfied with the training.
AHRQ-funded; HS026370.
Citation: Ivlev I, Vander Ley KJ, Wiedrick J .
Training patients to review scientific reports for the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute: an observational study.
BMJ Open 2019 Sep;9(9):e028732. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028732..
Keywords: Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice, Research Methodologies, Patient and Family Engagement, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Training
Yanez B, Bouchard LC, Cella D
Patient-centered engagement and symptom/toxicity monitoring in the new era of tumor next-generation sequencing and immunotherapy: the OncoTool and OncoPRO platforms.
This paper describes the development of the OncoTool and OncoPRO platforms to help patients with late-stage cancer (stages III-IV) and their providers in providing patient-centered education and remote and routine monitoring of symptoms and toxicities after tumor next-generation sequencing testing and treatment. The OncoTool is a web-based educational resource tailored for people with advanced cancer. It aims to provide patients with easy-to-understand treatment options and associated toxicities as well as evidence-based strategies for managing symptoms and improving stress management. It is fully integrated with OncoPRO which provides feedback on patient-reported outcomes (PROs) to clinicians. The data from the platform can be integrated with the patient’s electronic health record (HER) and can provide an alert message. These systems are currently being tested with 4 trials – 1 for OncoTool and the other 3 for OncoPRO.
AHRQ-funded; HS023011.
Citation: Yanez B, Bouchard LC, Cella D .
Patient-centered engagement and symptom/toxicity monitoring in the new era of tumor next-generation sequencing and immunotherapy: the OncoTool and OncoPRO platforms.
Cancer 2019 Jul 15;125(14):2338-44. doi: 10.1002/cncr.32030..
Keywords: Cancer, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Evidence-Based Practice, Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Patient and Family Engagement
Winkler SL, Kairalla JA, Cooper R
Comparison of functional benefits of self-management training for amputees under virtual world and e-learning conditions.
This project used a randomized design to compare two methods of disseminating an evidence-based self-management intervention for amputees, which included, avatar-based virtual world and e-learning environments. The investigators found that the virtual world group had a significantly higher dropout rate than the e-learning group.
AHRQ-funded; HS022021.
Citation: Winkler SL, Kairalla JA, Cooper R .
Comparison of functional benefits of self-management training for amputees under virtual world and e-learning conditions.
Journal of Alternative Medicine Research 2018;10(1):65-72..
Keywords: Communication, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Evidence-Based Practice, Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient Self-Management, Training
Sepucha KR, Abhyankar P, Hoffman AS
Standards for UNiversal reporting of patient Decision Aid Evaluation studies: the development of SUNDAE Checklist.
This study sought to develop and reach consensus on reporting guidelines to improve the quality of publications evaluating patient decision aids (PDAs). The study concluded that the SUNDAE (Standards for UNiversal reporting of patient Decision Aid Evaluations) Checklist will help ensure that reports of PDA evaluation studies are understandable, transparent and of high quality.
AHRQ-funded; HS024250.
Citation: Sepucha KR, Abhyankar P, Hoffman AS .
Standards for UNiversal reporting of patient Decision Aid Evaluation studies: the development of SUNDAE Checklist.
BMJ Qual Saf 2018 May;27(5):380-88. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2017-006986..
Keywords: Communication, Decision Making, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Health Literacy, Patient-Centered Healthcare
English AF, Dickinson LM, Zittleman L
A community engagement method to design patient engagement materials for cardiovascular health.
This trial included development of locally tailored cardiovascular disease (CVD) patient engagement materials through Boot Camp Translation (BCT), a community engagement process that occurred before practice recruitment but after cluster randomization. The 4 BCTs' messages and materials developed by the BCT groups uniquely reflected each community and ranged from family or spiritual values to early prevention or adding relevance to CVD risk.
AHRQ-funded; HS023904.
Citation: English AF, Dickinson LM, Zittleman L .
A community engagement method to design patient engagement materials for cardiovascular health.
Ann Fam Med 2018 Apr;16(Suppl 1):S58-s64. doi: 10.1370/afm.2173.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient and Family Engagement, Primary Care
Schwitzer G
Addressing tensions when popular media and evidence-based care collide.
This paper documents recurring problems in media messages about health-care interventions and offers suggestions for new or expanded efforts to improve the public dialogue about health care. It concluded that inaccurate, imbalanced, incomplete news stories may drown out more careful scrutiny of the evidence by many influential news organizations.
AHRQ-funded; 290200810015C
Citation: Schwitzer G .
Addressing tensions when popular media and evidence-based care collide.
BMC Med Inform Decis Making 2013;13 Suppl 3:S3. doi: 10.1186/1472-6947-13-s3-s3..
Keywords: Communication, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Evidence-Based Practice
Quick B, Harrison TR, King AJ
It's up to you: a multi-message, phased driver facility campaign to increase organ donation registration rates in Illinois.
This project applied successful strategies previously employed in driver facility campaigns to examine whether these strategies would be effective in growing a registry where the majority of individuals have already had the opportunity to register as an organ donor. In facilities with historically high and low registration percentages, these strategies resulted in higher organ donor registration rates, compared with control facilities.
AHRQ-funded; HS019218
Citation: Quick B, Harrison TR, King AJ .
It's up to you: a multi-message, phased driver facility campaign to increase organ donation registration rates in Illinois.
Clin Transplant. 2013 Sep-Oct;27(5):E546-53. doi: 10.1111/ctr.12208..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Registries, Transplantation, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Evidence-Based Practice