National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
76 to 100 of 101 Research Studies DisplayedNgo-Metzger Q, Rajupet S
AHRQ Author: Ngo-Metzger Q
Screening for colorectal cancer.
This case study involves a 50-year-old woman who presents for a routine visit. She is healthy with no significant medical history, takes no medications, and has no personal or family history of cancer. She asks about colorectal cancer screening. There are three multiple choice questions together with the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force answers, recommendations and related background information.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Ngo-Metzger Q, Rajupet S .
Screening for colorectal cancer.
Am Fam Physician 2017 May 15;95(10):653-54.
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Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Case Study, Colonoscopy, Prevention, Screening
Christensen AL, Petersen DM, Burton RA
What factors influence states' capacity to report children's health care quality measures? A multiple-case study.
The objective of this study was to describe factors that influence the ability of state Medicaid agencies to report the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services' (CMS) core set of children's health care quality measures . Reporting capacity was influenced by a state's Medicaid data availability, ability to link to other state data systems, past experience with quality measurement, staff time and technical expertise, and demand for the measures.
AHRQ-funded; 290200900019I; 29032004T.
Citation: Christensen AL, Petersen DM, Burton RA .
What factors influence states' capacity to report children's health care quality measures? A multiple-case study.
Matern Child Health J 2017 Jan;21(1):187-98. doi: 10.1007/s10995-016-2108-8.
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Keywords: Quality Measures, Quality of Care, Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP), Children/Adolescents, Medicaid, Health Insurance, Policy, Case Study
Gerber DE, Reimer T, Williams EL
Resolving rivalries and realigning goals: challenges of clinical and research multiteam systems.
This article describes the care processes for a 64-year-old man with newly diagnosed advanced non-small-cell lung cancer who was enrolled in a first-line clinical trial of a new immunotherapy regimen. Research team and clinical team members have limited knowledge of the roles and work of individuals outside their team. Recommendations to increase trust and collaboration are provided.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Gerber DE, Reimer T, Williams EL .
Resolving rivalries and realigning goals: challenges of clinical and research multiteam systems.
J Oncol Pract 2016 Nov;12(11):1020-28. doi: 10.1200/jop.2016.013060.
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Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Lung Cancer, Case Study, Healthcare Delivery, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Teams
McNellis RJ, Beswick-Escanlar V
AHRQ Author: McNellis RJ
Aspirin use for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and colorectal cancer.
This case study involves a a 55-year-old man who presents to your office for a routine refill of his antihypertension medication, his 65-year-old brother who also visits you to ask about taking low-dose aspirin, and his 55-year-old wife, also your patient, who recently experienced abdominal pain,. It poses three multiple choice questions focused on the use of low-dose aspirin, together with the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations and related background information.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: McNellis RJ, Beswick-Escanlar V .
Aspirin use for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and colorectal cancer.
Am Fam Physician 2016 Oct 15;94(8):661-62.
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Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Cardiovascular Conditions, Medication, Prevention, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Case Study
Kato E, Beswick-Escanlar V
AHRQ Author: Kato E
Screening for depression in adults.
This case study involves a 29-year-old man, who presents to your office for a routine visit. He has a history of being overweight and has hypertension that is controlled by diet and exercise. It poses three multiple choice questions about screening for depression together with the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations and related background information.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Kato E, Beswick-Escanlar V .
Screening for depression in adults.
Am Fam Physician 2016 Aug 15;94(4):305-6.
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Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Screening, Depression, Behavioral Health, Case Study
Croswell J, Owings J
Screening for breast cancer.
This case study involves a 47-year-old woman who presents to your office for a well-woman visit. She is healthy, takes no medications, and has no health concerns. She has never been diagnosed with breast cancer, nor have any of her first-degree relatives. Her digital mammography two years ago was negative, and she asks whether she should be screened again this year. The study poses three multiple choice questions together with the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations and related background information.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Croswell J, Owings J .
Screening for breast cancer.
Am Fam Physician 2016 Jul 15;94(2):143-4.
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Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Cancer: Breast Cancer, Cancer, Screening, Prevention, Evidence-Based Practice, Women, Imaging, Case Study
Jindai K, Sterkel AK, Reed KD
Limb embolism in a 52-year-old woman.
In response to a photo quiz, the authors make the following diagnosis: arterial thrombus caused by Histoplasma capsulatum deriving from native valve endocarditis caused by the same organism. Various aspects of the case are discussed.
AHRQ-funded; HS022465; HS023779.
Citation: Jindai K, Sterkel AK, Reed KD .
Limb embolism in a 52-year-old woman.
Clin Infect Dis 2016 May 15;62(10):1320-1. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciw081.
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Keywords: Blood Clots, Care Management, Case Study, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Patient Safety
Brach C
AHRQ Author: Brach C
Even in an emergency, doctors must make informed consent an informed choice.
When a stroke is suspected, a daughter is pressured to consent to her father's treatment without fully understanding the risks.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Brach C .
Even in an emergency, doctors must make informed consent an informed choice.
Health Aff 2016 Apr;35(4):739-43. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2015.1407.
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Keywords: Case Study, Decision Making, Emergency Department, Health Literacy, Patient and Family Engagement, Stroke
Ngo-Metzger O, Blitz J
AHRQ Author: Ngo-Metzger Q
Screening for high blood pressure in adults.
This case study involves a 55-year-old black man who presents for a blood pressure evaluation. It poses three multiple choice questions together with the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations and related background information.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Ngo-Metzger O, Blitz J .
Screening for high blood pressure in adults.
Am Fam Physician 2016 Mar 15;93(6):511-2.
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Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Blood Pressure, Screening, Guidelines, Case Study, Evidence-Based Practice
Fan T, Feaginsfletcher H
AHRQ Author: Fan T
Screening for iron deficiency anemia in young children.
This case study involves a 32-year-old white woman, presenting to your office with her nine-month-old son for a routine well-child visit. It poses three multiple choice questions together with the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations and related background information.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Fan T, Feaginsfletcher H .
Screening for iron deficiency anemia in young children.
Am Fam Physician 2015 Dec 15;92(12):1103-4.
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Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Screening, Case Study, Children/Adolescents, Prevention
Lee KC, Payne CB
AHRQ Author: Lee KC
Screening for speech and language delay and disorders in children five years and younger.
This case study involves a two-year-old girl presenting for a well-child visit. The three multiple choice questions concern risk factors and interventions for children with language delays and disorders.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Lee KC, Payne CB .
Screening for speech and language delay and disorders in children five years and younger.
Am Fam Physician 2015 Nov 15;92(10):923-4.
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Keywords: Case Study, Children/Adolescents, Evidence-Based Practice, Screening, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Croswell J, Ballard T
AHRQ Author: Croswell J
Screening for thyroid dysfunction.
A 40-year-old woman presents for a routine well-woman examination. She is not pregnant, is in good health, reports no symptoms, and her physical examination is unremarkable. The question is: should she be screened for thyroid dysfunction? This case study quiz is based on the recommendations of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF).
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Croswell J, Ballard T .
Screening for thyroid dysfunction.
Am Fam Physician 2015 Oct 15;92(8):717-8..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Screening, Prevention, Case Study
Gephart SM, Martin LB, Kijewski A
Joseph's story: a case study of late-onset necrotizing enterocolitis from early birth to recovery.
This case study presents Joseph's story about a 24-week surviving twin who developed severe necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) at 5 months of age just days before he was to go home. Although NEC struck late and kept Joseph in the neonatal intensive care unit for 228 days, its consequences remain with this resilient child and his family.
AHRQ-funded; HS022908.
Citation: Gephart SM, Martin LB, Kijewski A .
Joseph's story: a case study of late-onset necrotizing enterocolitis from early birth to recovery.
J Perinat Neonatal Nurs 2015 Oct-Dec;29(4):345-55. doi: 10.1097/jpn.0000000000000137.
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Keywords: Case Study, Newborns/Infants, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), Newborns/Infants, Outcomes
McNellis R, Lewis P
AHRQ Author: McNellis R
Behavioral counseling to promote a healthful diet and physical activity for cardiovascular disease prevention in adults with cardiovascular risk factors.
This case study quiz is based on the recommendations of the USPSTF. The case concerns a 34-year-old man who smokes. When he presents for his annual checkup for hypertension, his blood pressure is elevated (142/95 mm Hg), and he has gained 10 lb (4.5 kg) since his last visit.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: McNellis R, Lewis P .
Behavioral counseling to promote a healthful diet and physical activity for cardiovascular disease prevention in adults with cardiovascular risk factors.
Am Fam Physician 2015 Sep 15;92(6):509-10.
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Keywords: Behavioral Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Case Study, Lifestyle Changes, Nutrition, Prevention, Risk, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Fan T, Rossi C
AHRQ Author: Fan T
Screening for cognitive impairment in older adults.
This case study describes a 72-year-old white man comes the physician’s office for a preventive visit. He does not have any symptoms of dementia but asks whether he should be screened. Based on the recommendations of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, the authors ask (and answer) three questions concerning approaches to screening for cognitive impairment, risk factors for cognitive impairment or dementia in older adults, and the epidemiology of cognitive impairment in the United States.
AHRQ-authored
Citation: Fan T, Rossi C .
Screening for cognitive impairment in older adults.
Am Fam Physician 2015 Jul 15;92(2):125-6..
Keywords: Case Study, Elderly, Neurological Disorders, Screening, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Abbott AA, Fuji KT, Galt KA
A qualitative case study exploring nurse engagement with electronic health records and e-prescribing.
The purpose of this qualitative case study was to describe how nurses adapt to using an electronic health record with electronic prescribing (e-Rx) system in a rural ambulatory care practice. Findings showed that nurses adjust their routine in response to providers' preferential behavior yet retained focus on the patient and care coordination. e-Rx adoption increased workload and introduced safety risks.
AHRQ-funded; HS018625.
Citation: Abbott AA, Fuji KT, Galt KA .
A qualitative case study exploring nurse engagement with electronic health records and e-prescribing.
West J Nurs Res 2015 Jul;37(7):935-51. doi: 10.1177/0193945914567359.
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Keywords: Case Study, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Electronic Prescribing (E-Prescribing), Nursing, Patient Safety
Gupta K, Mueller SK
Interhospital transfers: the need for standards.
Patient transfers from one hospital to another are common and occur for a multitude of reasons with varied outcomes. The authors discuss interhospital transfers and difficulties encountered by the providers who care for these patients. They recommend further research to identify more clearly which patients are most likely to benefit from transfer and why.
AHRQ-funded; HS023331.
Citation: Gupta K, Mueller SK .
Interhospital transfers: the need for standards.
J Hosp Med 2015 Jun;10(6):415-7. doi: 10.1002/jhm.2320.
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Keywords: Case Study, Decision Making, Elderly, Patient Safety, Transitions of Care
Wolff T, Fan T, Lewis P
AHRQ Author: Wolff T, Fan T
Screening for carotid artery stenosis.
This case study, based on recommendations of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, concerns a 65-year-old woman who presents for her yearly checkup. She walks one to two miles daily, is in generally good health, and has no significant cardiovascular history. Questions concern whether she should be screened for carotid artery stenosis, the accuracy of the different screening methods, and the benefits and harms of screening.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Wolff T, Fan T, Lewis P .
Screening for carotid artery stenosis.
Am Fam Physician 2015 May 15;91(10):717-8..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Elderly, Case Study, Screening, Stroke
Croswell J, Chu K
AHRQ Author: Croswell J
Screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm.
The authors present a case study with three questions focused on an older patient who comes to the physician office for an annual well visit. He was advised by a relative, who is a physician, to be screened for an abdominal aortic aneurysm. The questions focus on different scenarios, types of testing, and statements about appropriate treatment.
AHRQ-authored
Citation: Croswell J, Chu K .
Screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm.
Am Fam Physician 2015 Apr 15;91(8):563-4..
Keywords: Case Study, Prevention, Primary Care, Screening, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Snyder ME, Earl TR, Gilchrist S
Collaborative drug therapy management: case studies of three community-based models of care.
The objectives of this study were to understand how collaborative drug therapy management (CDTM) practices were implemented in 3 community settings and to identify common and unique facilitators and barriers to implementing CDTM. The authors believe that the models described in this study could be used to strengthen clinical–community linkages through team-based care, particularly for chronic disease prevention and management.
AHRQ-funded; HS022119.
Citation: Snyder ME, Earl TR, Gilchrist S .
Collaborative drug therapy management: case studies of three community-based models of care.
Prev Chronic Dis 2015 Mar 26;12:E39. doi: 10.5888/pcd12.140504..
Keywords: Care Management, Case Study, Community-Based Practice, Medication, Primary Care: Models of Care, Provider: Pharmacist
Mabry-Hernandez I, Chu K
AHRQ Author: Mabry-Hernandez I
Screening for oral cancer.
This case study involves a 35-year-old man with a 15-year history of using chewing tobacco. It poses three multiple choice questions together with the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations and related background information.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Mabry-Hernandez I, Chu K .
Screening for oral cancer.
Am Fam Physician 2015 Mar 15;91(6):387-8..
Keywords: Cancer, Tobacco Use, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Risk, Case Study
Mabry-Hernandez I, Chu K
AHRQ Author: Mabry-Hernandez I
Screening for primary hypertension in children and adolescents.
This article presents a case study about a 14-year-old black adolescent who presents for a routine school physical examination. Her mother tells you that she and her husband have hypertension, and they worry about their daughter’s blood pressure. She asks you whether her child should be periodically checked for high blood pressure. The case study was coordinated with the AHRQ-administered US Preventive Services Task Force and published online on the American Academy of Family Practice website.
Citation: Mabry-Hernandez I, Chu K .
Screening for primary hypertension in children and adolescents.
Am Fam Physician 2015 Feb 15;91(4):257-8..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Children/Adolescents, Blood Pressure, Screening, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Prevention, Case Study
Lee K, Rossi C
AHRQ Author: Lee K
Risk assessment, genetic counseling, and genetic testing for BRCA-related cancer in women.
L.M. is a 37-year-old nonsmoking woman who is not taking any medications and has no significant past medical problems. As breast cancer runs in her family, she is interested in genetic testing for breast cancer. This case study poses three multiple choice questions together with the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations and related background information.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Lee K, Rossi C .
Risk assessment, genetic counseling, and genetic testing for BRCA-related cancer in women.
Am Fam Physician 2015 Jan 15;91(2):119-20.
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Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Breast Cancer, Case Study, Family Health and History, Genetics, Prevention, Risk, Screening, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Women
Dy SM, Ashok M, Wines RC
A framework to guide implementation research for care transitions interventions.
The authors described a framework for evaluating implementation of hospital to ambulatory care transitions interventions and application to a case study. They adapted the general Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, adding elements relevant to other complex interventions, such as conceptualization around organizations and around patient- and caregiver-centeredness.
AHRQ-funded; 290200710056I.
Citation: Dy SM, Ashok M, Wines RC .
A framework to guide implementation research for care transitions interventions.
J Healthc Qual 2015 Jan-Feb;37(1):41-54. doi: 10.1097/01.JHQ.0000460121.06309.f9.
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Keywords: Care Coordination, Case Study, Hospital Discharge, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Transitions of Care
Salihu HM, Salemi JL, Nash MC
Assessing the economic impact of paternal involvement: a comparison of the generalized linear model versus decision analysis trees.
The authors illustrated a methodological comparison of decision analysis modeling and generalized linear modeling (GLM) techniques using a case study that assesses the cost-effectiveness of potential father involvement interventions. They found that lack of paternal involvement was associated with higher rates of preterm birth, small-for-gestational age, and infant morbidity and mortality, concluding that healthcare costs could be significantly reduced through enhanced father involvement during pregnancy.
AHRQ-funded; HS019997.
Citation: Salihu HM, Salemi JL, Nash MC .
Assessing the economic impact of paternal involvement: a comparison of the generalized linear model versus decision analysis trees.
Matern Child Health J 2014 Aug;18(6):1380-90. doi: 10.1007/s10995-013-1372-0.
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Keywords: Family Health and History, Newborns/Infants, Outcomes, Pregnancy, Case Study, Decision Making