National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
201 to 225 of 749 Research Studies DisplayedSu CM, Warren A, Kraus C
Lack of racial and ethnic-based differences in acute care delivery in intracerebral hemorrhage.
Int J Emerg Med 2021 Jan 19;14(1):6. doi: 10.1186/s12245-021-00329-w.
Early diagnosis and treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is thought to be critical for improving outcomes. In this study the investigators examined whether racial or ethnic disparities existed in acute care processes in the first hours after ICH. The investigators found no evidence of racial/ethnic disparities in acute care processes or outcomes in ICH. English as first language, however, was associated with slower care processes.
Early diagnosis and treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is thought to be critical for improving outcomes. In this study the investigators examined whether racial or ethnic disparities existed in acute care processes in the first hours after ICH. The investigators found no evidence of racial/ethnic disparities in acute care processes or outcomes in ICH. English as first language, however, was associated with slower care processes.
AHRQ-funded; HS024561.
Citation: Su CM, Warren A, Kraus C .
Lack of racial and ethnic-based differences in acute care delivery in intracerebral hemorrhage.
Int J Emerg Med 2021 Jan 19;14(1):6. doi: 10.1186/s12245-021-00329-w..
Keywords: Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Disparities, Critical Care, Stroke, Cardiovascular Conditions, Outcomes
Marin JR, Rodean J, Hall M
Racial and ethnic differences in emergency department diagnostic imaging at US children's hospitals, 2016-2019.
Researchers evaluated racial and ethnic differences in the performance of common ED imaging studies and examined patterns across diagnoses. In this study, which evaluated visits by nonhospitalized patients younger than 18 years in 44 US children's hospital EDs, they found that non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic children were less likely to receive diagnostic imaging during ED visits compared with non-Hispanic White children. They recommended further investigation to understand and mitigate these potential disparities in health care delivery and to evaluate the effect of these differential imaging patterns on patient outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS026006.
Citation: Marin JR, Rodean J, Hall M .
Racial and ethnic differences in emergency department diagnostic imaging at US children's hospitals, 2016-2019.
JAMA Netw Open 2021 Jan 4(1):e2033710. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.33710..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Hospitals, Emergency Department, Imaging, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Disparities, Diagnostic Safety and Quality
Reese TJ, Schlechter CR, Potter LN
Evaluation of revised US Preventive Services Task Force lung cancer screening guideline among women and racial/ethnic minority populations.
The purpose of this study was to determine the changes associated with the revised USPSTF guideline for lung cancer screening eligibility among female, Black, and Hispanic populations using a large nationwide survey. The investigators concluded that the revised USPSTF guideline may likely increase lung cancer screening rates for female, Black, and Hispanic populations. However, despite these potential improvements, lung cancer screening inequities may persist without tailored eligibility criteria.
AHRQ-funded; HS026198.
Citation: Reese TJ, Schlechter CR, Potter LN .
Evaluation of revised US Preventive Services Task Force lung cancer screening guideline among women and racial/ethnic minority populations.
JAMA Netw Open 2021 Jan;4(1):e2033769. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.33769..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Cancer: Lung Cancer, Cancer, Screening, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Women, Guidelines, Evidence-Based Practice
Mallick R, Xie R, Kirklin JK
Race and gender disparities in access to parathyroidectomy: a need to change processes for diagnosis and referral to surgeons.
This study examined whether race and gender disparities impact treatment for hyperparathyroidism with a parathyroidectomy. Data was reviewed on 2289 patients with hypercalcemia and abnormal parathyroid hormone levels who were seen at a tertiary referral center from 2011 to 2016. Cohort median age was 63, and 74% were women. Only 21% patients underwent a parathyroidectomy. Of the patients undergoing surgery, time from initial diagnosis to surgical treatment was longest for African-American men, who waited a median of 13.6 months compared to 2.9 months for Caucasian males. African-American women waited a median of 6.7 months versus 3.5 months for Caucasian women. Surgery rates after 1 year of index abnormal calcium was only 6% for black men versus 20% for white men, and 13% for black women versus 20% for white woman. Substantial delays were found for minorities, particularly for African-American men.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Mallick R, Xie R, Kirklin JK .
Race and gender disparities in access to parathyroidectomy: a need to change processes for diagnosis and referral to surgeons.
Ann Surg Oncol 2021 Jan;28(1):476-83. doi: 10.1245/s10434-020-08707-z..
Keywords: Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Disparities, Access to Care
Bossick AS, Katon JG, Gray KE
Concomitant bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy at hysterectomy: differences by race and menopausal status in the Veterans Affairs health care system, 2007-2014.
This study compared race and menopausal status differences in the rate of concomitant bilateral salphino-oopherectomy (BSO) at hysterectomy in the Veterans Affairs health care system from 2007-2014. The authors identified 6,785 Veterans who underwent a hysterectomy, including 2,230 with concomitant BSO. After adjustment premenopausal Black Veterans had 41% lower odds of going through BSO than their White counterparts. There was insufficient evidence in postmenopausal Veterans. Black Veterans were more likely to be single, obese, and undergo abdominal hysterectomy.
AHRQ-funded; HS013853.
Citation: Bossick AS, Katon JG, Gray KE .
Concomitant bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy at hysterectomy: differences by race and menopausal status in the Veterans Affairs health care system, 2007-2014.
J Womens Health 2020 Dec;29(12):1513-19. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2020.8503..
Keywords: Surgery, Women, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Rosas LG, Lv N, Xiao L
Effect of a culturally adapted behavioral intervention for Latino adults on weight loss over 2 years: a randomized clinical trial.
Identifying effective weight loss interventions for Latino adults at risk of diabetes is of critical public health importance. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a culturally adapted behavioral intervention for Latino adults was more effective than usual care for weight loss over 24 months. The investigators concluded that among Latino adults with high diabetes risk, a culturally adapted behavioral lifestyle intervention was effective for weight loss over 12 months but not 24 months.
AHRQ-funded; HS022702.
Citation: Rosas LG, Lv N, Xiao L .
Effect of a culturally adapted behavioral intervention for Latino adults on weight loss over 2 years: a randomized clinical trial.
JAMA Netw Open 2020 Dec;3(12):e2027744. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.27744..
Keywords: Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Obesity: Weight Management, Obesity, Cultural Competence, Diabetes, Primary Care, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice
Shah SC, Canakis A, Peek RM
Endoscopy for gastric cancer screening is cost effective for Asian Americans in the United States.
Endoscopic screening for gastric cancer is routine in some countries with high incidence and is associated with reduced gastric cancer-related mortality. Immigrants from countries of high incidence to low incidence of gastric cancer retain their elevated risk, but no screening recommendations have been made for these groups in the United States. In this study the investigators aimed to determine the cost effectiveness of different endoscopic screening strategies for noncardia gastric cancer, compared with no screening, among Chinese, Filipino, Southeast Asian, Vietnamese, Korean, and Japanese Americans.
AHRQ-funded; HS026395.
Citation: Shah SC, Canakis A, Peek RM .
Endoscopy for gastric cancer screening is cost effective for Asian Americans in the United States.
Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020 Dec;18(13):3026-39. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2020.07.031..
Keywords: Cancer, Digestive Disease and Health, Screening, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Healthcare Costs
Patel SA, Krasnow M, Long K
Excess 30-day heart failure readmissions and mortality in black patients increases with neighborhood deprivation.
Researchers examined whether neighborhood environment modifies the disparity in 30-day heart failure (HF) readmissions and mortality between Black and White patients in the Southeastern United States. They created a geocoded retrospective cohort of patients hospitalized for acute HF from 2010-2018 within Emory Healthcare. They found that excess 30-day HF readmissions and mortality were present among Black patients in every neighborhood strata and increased with progressive neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation.
AHRQ-funded; HS026081.
Citation: Patel SA, Krasnow M, Long K .
Excess 30-day heart failure readmissions and mortality in black patients increases with neighborhood deprivation.
Circ Heart Fail 2020 Dec;13(12):e007947. doi: 10.1161/circheartfailure.120.007947..
Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Hospital Readmissions, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Mortality, Social Determinants of Health, Low-Income, Disparities
Joyce NR, Pfeiffer MR, Zullo AR
Individual and geographic variation in driver's license suspensions: evidence of disparities by race, ethnicity and income.
Using data from the New Jersey Safety Health Outcomes data warehouse 2004-2018, the authors compared characteristics of suspended drivers, their residential census tract, as well as access to public transportation and jobs, by reason for the suspension. They found that 91% of license suspensions were for non-driving-related events, with the most common reason for a suspension being failure to pay a fine. Non-driving-related suspended drivers lived in census tracts with a lower household median income, higher proportion of black and Hispanic residents and higher unemployment rates, but also better walkability scores and better access to public transportation and jobs. They recommended additional work to determine what effect this has for the social and economic well-being of suspended drivers.
AHRQ-funded; HS022998.
Citation: Joyce NR, Pfeiffer MR, Zullo AR .
Individual and geographic variation in driver's license suspensions: evidence of disparities by race, ethnicity and income.
J Transp Health 2020 Dec;19. doi: 10.1016/j.jth.2020.100933..
Keywords: Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Disparities, Low-Income, Vulnerable Populations, Social Determinants of Health
Timbie JW, Kranz AM, DeYoreo M
Racial and ethnic disparities in care for health system-affiliated physician organizations and non-affiliated physician organizations.
The purpose of this study was to assess racial and ethnic disparities in care for Medicare fee-for-service (FFS) beneficiaries and whether disparities differ between health system-affiliated physician organizations (POs) and nonaffiliated POs. The investigators found no evidence that system-affiliated POs had smaller racial and ethnic disparities than nonaffiliated POs. Where differences existed, disparities were slightly larger in affiliated POs.
AHRQ-funded; HS024067.
Citation: Timbie JW, Kranz AM, DeYoreo M .
Racial and ethnic disparities in care for health system-affiliated physician organizations and non-affiliated physician organizations.
Health Serv Res 2020 Dec;55(Suppl 3):1107-17. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.13581..
Keywords: Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Disparities, Medicare, Health Systems
Odlum M, Moise N, Kronish IM
Trends in poor health indicators among Black and Hispanic middle-aged and older adults in the United States, 1999-2018.
This study used records extracted from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System to determine which health indicators have improved or became worse among Black and Hispanic middle-aged (45 and older) adults compared to Whites from 1999 to 2018. This data is required by the Minority Health and Health Disparities Research and Education Act of 2000. A sample included of 4,856,326 participants, of them 60.9% women, mean age 60.4. During the last 20 years, Black adults showed an overall decrease showing improvement in uninsured status and physical inactivity while showing an overall increase in hypertension, diabetes, asthma, and stroke, and also the same increases and decreases in the Black-White gap. Hispanic adults showed improvement in physical inactivity and perceived poor health, while they showed overall deterioration in hypertension and diabetes. The Hispanic-White gap improved in coronary heart disease, stroke, kidney disease, asthma, arthritis, depression and physical inactivity while it increased for diabetes, hypertension, and uninsured status.
AHRQ-funded; HS025198.
Citation: Odlum M, Moise N, Kronish IM .
Trends in poor health indicators among Black and Hispanic middle-aged and older adults in the United States, 1999-2018.
JAMA Netw Open 2020 Nov 2;3(11):e2025134. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.25134..
Keywords: Elderly, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Disparities, Health Status, Health Insurance, Diabetes, Blood Pressure, Chronic Conditions
Mehra R, Boyd LM, Magriples U
Black pregnant women "get the most judgment": a qualitative study of the experiences of Black women at the intersection of race, gender, and pregnancy.
This qualitative study examined the experiences of Black pregnant women and how being stereotyped can cause stress. Semistructured interviews with 24 Black pregnant women in New Haven, Connecticut was conducted. The women were asked about their experience of being pregnant, experiences of gendered racism, and concerns related to pregnancy and parenting Black children. Many of the women experienced gendered racism stigmatizing Black motherhood that devalued Black pregnancies. They reported encountering assumptions that they were poor, single, and had multiple children regardless of socioeconomic status, marital status, or parity. This pregnancy stigma occurred in everyday, health care, social services, and housing-related contexts. This may contribute to poorer maternal and infant outcomes by way of reduced access to quality health care; impediments to services, resources, and social support; and poorer psychological health. Interventions to combat this problem include anti-bias training for health care and social service providers; screening for racialized pregnancy stigma and providing evidence-based coping strategy; creating pregnancy support groups; and developing broader societal discourse that values Black women and their pregnancies.
AHRQ-funded; HS017589.
Citation: Mehra R, Boyd LM, Magriples U .
Black pregnant women "get the most judgment": a qualitative study of the experiences of Black women at the intersection of race, gender, and pregnancy.
Womens Health Issues 2020 Nov-Dec;30(6):484-92. doi: 10.1016/j.whi.2020.08.001..
Keywords: Pregnancy, Women, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Rosenberg J, Rosenthal MS, Cramer LD
Disparities in mental and behavioral health treatment for children and youth in immigrant families.
Children and youth in immigrant families (CIF)-children and youth with at least one foreign-born parent-face unique psychosocial stressors. Yet little is known about access to mental/behavioral health (MBH) services for CIF. Among US CIF and non-CIF with MBH problems, the authors assessed access to MBH treatment using the National Survey of Children's Health-2016, a nationally-representative survey of predominantly English- or Spanish-speaking US parents.
AHRQ-funded; HS024332.
Citation: Rosenberg J, Rosenthal MS, Cramer LD .
Disparities in mental and behavioral health treatment for children and youth in immigrant families.
Acad Pediatr 2020 Nov-Dec;20(8):1148-56. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2020.06.013..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Behavioral Health, Disparities, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Vulnerable Populations, Access to Care
Althoff KN, Leifheit KM, Park JN
Opioid-related overdose mortality in the era of fentanyl: monitoring a shifting epidemic by person, place, and time.
Investigators described US trends in opioid-related overdose mortality rates by race, age, urbanicity, and opioid type before and after the emergence of fentanyl. Using the CDC’s WONDER database, they found a disproportionate increase in opioid-related overdose deaths among urban non-Hispanic Black Americans and recommended interventions for this population in order to halt the increase in overdose deaths.
AHRQ-funded; HS000046.
Citation: Althoff KN, Leifheit KM, Park JN .
Opioid-related overdose mortality in the era of fentanyl: monitoring a shifting epidemic by person, place, and time.
Drug Alcohol Depend 2020 Nov 1;216:108321. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108321..
Keywords: Opioids, Medication, Substance Abuse, Mortality, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Social Determinants of Health
Shah SC, McKinley M, Gupta S
Population-based analysis of differences in gastric cancer incidence among races and ethnicities in individuals age 50 years and older.
There are racial and ethnic differences in the incidence of gastric adenocarcinoma worldwide and in the US. Based on a decision analysis, screening for noncardia gastric adenocarcinoma might be cost-effective for non-White individuals 50 years or older. In this study, the investigators aimed to estimate the differences in gastric adenocarcinoma incidence in specific anatomic sites among races and ethnicities in individuals 50 years or older.
AHRQ-funded; HS026395.
Citation: Shah SC, McKinley M, Gupta S .
Population-based analysis of differences in gastric cancer incidence among races and ethnicities in individuals age 50 years and older.
Gastroenterology 2020 Nov;159(5):1705-14.e2. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.07.049..
Keywords: Elderly, Cancer, Digestive Disease and Health, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Disparities
Roberts ET, Mehrotra A
Assessment of disparities in digital access among Medicare beneficiaries and implications for telemedicine.
In this study, the investigators examined disparities in digital access (ie, access at home to technology that enables video telemedicine visits) among Medicare beneficiaries by socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. The investigators concluded that the proportion of beneficiaries who lacked digital access was higher among those with low socioeconomic status, those 85 years or older, and in communities of color.
AHRQ-funded; HS026727.
Citation: Roberts ET, Mehrotra A .
Assessment of disparities in digital access among Medicare beneficiaries and implications for telemedicine.
JAMA Intern Med 2020 Oct;180(10):1386-89. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.2666..
Keywords: Elderly, Medicare, Telehealth, Health Information Technology (HIT), Disparities, Access to Care, Social Determinants of Health, Low-Income, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Sun K, Szymonifka J, Tian H
Association of traditional Chinese medicine use with adherence to prescribed Western rheumatic medications among Chinese American patients: a cross-sectional survey.
Chinese Americans are a fast-growing immigrant group with worse rheumatic disease outcomes compared to white populations and frequently use traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Whether TCM use is associated with lower adherence to Western rheumatic medications is unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine adherence to Western medications for systemic rheumatic diseases in the Chinese American immigrant population and its association with TCM use.
Citation: Sun K, Szymonifka J, Tian H .
Association of traditional Chinese medicine use with adherence to prescribed Western rheumatic medications among Chinese American patients: a cross-sectional survey.
Arthritis Care Res 2020 Oct;72(10):1474-80. doi: 10.1002/acr.24031..
Keywords: Medication, Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Arthritis, Chronic Conditions
Shannon EM, Schnipper JL, Mueller SK
Identifying racial/ethnic disparities in interhospital transfer: an observational study.
Interhospital transfer (IHT) is often performed to provide patients with specialized care. Racial/ethnic disparities in IHT have been suggested but are not well-characterized. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between race/ethnicity and IHT. The investigators found that Black and Hispanic patients had lower odds of IHT, largely explained by a higher likelihood of being hospitalized at urban teaching hospitals. Racial/ethnic disparities in transfer were demonstrated at community hospitals, in certain geographic regions and among patients with specific diseases.
AHRQ-funded; HS023331.
Citation: Shannon EM, Schnipper JL, Mueller SK .
Identifying racial/ethnic disparities in interhospital transfer: an observational study.
J Gen Intern Med 2020 Oct;35(10):2939-46. doi: 10.1007/s11606-020-06046-z..
Keywords: Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Disparities, Transitions of Care, Hospitals, Care Coordination
Dos Santos Marques IC, Theiss LM, Baker SJ
Low health literacy exists in the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) population and is disproportionately prevalent in older African Americans.
This study assessed the prevalence of low health literacy rates among adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in a diverse population and identified risk factors for low health literacy. IBD patients at a single institution from November 2017 to May 2018 were assessed for health literacy using the Newest Vital Sign (NWS). Secondary outcomes were length-of-stay (LOS) and 30-day readmissions after surgery. There were 175 patients surveyed who were 59% female, 23% African Americans, 91% with Crohn’s disease, and mean age was 46. Overall the low health literacy rate was 24%, with African Americans having a higher prevalence (47.5%) versus 17.0% for white IBD patients. Low health literacy was associated with older age and African American race. There were no significant differences between LOS and readmissions rates by health literacy levels.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Dos Santos Marques IC, Theiss LM, Baker SJ .
Low health literacy exists in the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) population and is disproportionately prevalent in older African Americans.
Crohns Colitis 360 2020 Oct;2(4). doi: 10.1093/crocol/otaa076..
Keywords: Elderly, Health Literacy, Digestive Disease and Health, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Chronic Conditions
Presley C, Agne A, Shelton T
Mobile-enhanced peer support for African Americans with Type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial.
This study compared the effectiveness of a community-based diabetes self-management education (DSME) plus mobile health (mHealth)-enhanced peer support intervention to community-based DSME alone for African American adults with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes. This randomized controlled trial took place in Jefferson County, Alabama within a safety-net healthcare system with a group diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and hemoglobin A1C ≥ 7.5%. The intervention group reviewed community-based DSME plus 6 months of mHealth-enhanced peer support, including 12 weekly phone calls, then 3 monthly calls from community health workers. The control group received community based DSME only. Primary outcomes were lower A1C and secondary outcomes were lower diabetes distress, depressive symptoms, self-efficacy or confidence in their ability to manage diabetes, and social support. Of 120 participants selected, 97 completed the study. Both groups experienced clinical meaning reduction in A1C. Participants in the intervention group experienced a significantly larger reduction in diabetes distress compared to the control group.
AHRQ-funded; HS019465.
Citation: Presley C, Agne A, Shelton T .
Mobile-enhanced peer support for African Americans with Type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial.
J Gen Intern Med 2020 Oct;35(10):2889-96. doi: 10.1007/s11606-020-06011-w..
Keywords: Telehealth, Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient Self-Management, Diabetes, Chronic Conditions, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Community-Based Practice, Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice, Outcomes, Education: Patient and Caregiver
Fiala MA, Wildes TM, Vij R
Racial disparities in the utilization of novel agents for frontline treatment of multiple myeloma.
This study examined the reasons why racial disparities exist in the utilization of novel agents for frontline treatment of multiple myeloma. Higher cost of drugs has been the hypothesis, but there has been no data to support this. The authors compared relative bortezomib and lenalidomide utilization in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma using the SEER-Medicare linked database. Bortezomib utilization in African Americans was 31% less likely compared to whites. There was no statistically significant difference in utilization for lenalidomide. The findings didn’t support the hypothesis that the disparities are due to higher costs, and the authors theorize that travel or logistical issues, structural barriers in the medical system, and preferences and biases among patients and providers may also be significant factors.
AHRQ-funded; HS019455.
Citation: Fiala MA, Wildes TM, Vij R .
Racial disparities in the utilization of novel agents for frontline treatment of multiple myeloma.
Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2020 Oct;20(10):647-51. doi: 10.1016/j.clml.2020.04.018..
Keywords: Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Disparities, Cancer
Lee H, Caldwell JT, Maene C
Racial/ethnic inequities in access to high-quality dialysis treatment in Chicago: does neighborhood racial/ethnic composition matter?
Investigators examined whether neighborhood racial composition contributes to racial/ethnic inequities in access to high-quality dialysis care in Chicago. Data from the United States Renal Data System was merged with the ESRD Quality Incentive Program file and the American Community Survey (2005-2009) for facility and neighborhood characteristics. The investigators concluded that expanding opportunities for Blacks and Hispanics to gain access to racially integrated and minority neighborhoods may help alleviate racial/ethnic inequities in access to quality care among kidney disease patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS00078.
Citation: Lee H, Caldwell JT, Maene C .
Racial/ethnic inequities in access to high-quality dialysis treatment in Chicago: does neighborhood racial/ethnic composition matter?
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2020 Oct;7(5):854-64. doi: 10.1007/s40615-020-00708-8..
Keywords: Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Access to Care, Urban Health, Dialysis, Disparities, Quality of Care, Kidney Disease and Health
Walter AW, Julce C, Sidduri N AW, Julce C, Sidduri N
Study protocol for the implementation of the Gabby Preconception Care System - an evidence-based, health information technology intervention for Black and African American women.
This hybrid type II implementation-effectiveness cohort study aimed at evaluating appropriateness, acceptability and feasibility implementation outcomes, while also systematically examining the clinical effectiveness of a preconception care (PCC) intervention, the Gabby System, for Black and African American women receiving health services in community-based sites. Contextual factors that influenced uptake and appropriate implementation strategies were identified to inform future scalability of the intervention.
AHRQ-funded; HS025131.
Citation: Walter AW, Julce C, Sidduri N AW, Julce C, Sidduri N .
Study protocol for the implementation of the Gabby Preconception Care System - an evidence-based, health information technology intervention for Black and African American women.
BMC Health Serv Res 2020 Sep 21;20(1):889. doi: 10.1186/s12913-020-05726-0..
Keywords: Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Women, Health Information Technology (HIT), Evidence-Based Practice, Community-Based Practice, Implementation
Yoo-Jeong M, Schnall R
Accuracy of self-reports of HIV viral load status and risk factors for inaccurate reporting of viral suppression among racial/ethnic minority persons living with HIV.
The goal of this study was to assess the relationship between health literacy and self-reported viral load (VL) among racial/ethnic minority people living with HIV (PLWH). A cross-sectional analysis of baseline data was collected from three research projects aimed to improve outcomes in PLWH. Recruitment was done through flyers and social media websites. The investigators found that about half of their participants inaccurately reported their VL and that sexual minority individuals were more likely to inaccurately self-report their VL.
AHRQ-funded; HS025071.
Citation: Yoo-Jeong M, Schnall R .
Accuracy of self-reports of HIV viral load status and risk factors for inaccurate reporting of viral suppression among racial/ethnic minority persons living with HIV.
AIDS Patient Care STDS 2020 Sep;34(9):369-72. doi: 10.1089/apc.2020.0099..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Health Literacy
Li J, Qi M, Werner RM
Assessment of receipt of the first home health care visit after hospital discharge among older adults.
Investigators examined how often patients referred to home health care at hospital discharge receive it and whether there is evidence of disparities. Their study used Medicare data regarding the postacute home health care setting; participants were Medicare fee-for-service and Medicare Advantage beneficiaries discharged from the hospital with a referral to home health care. They found that only 54% of patients discharged received home health care services within 14 days of discharge. Of the remaining 46% discharged, 37.7% never received any home health care, while 8.3% were institutionalized or died within 14 days without a preceding home health care visit. Patients who were Black or Hispanic received home health at lower rates than did patients who were White. They concluded that disparities in the use of home health care remain an issue in the US.
AHRQ-funded; HS024266; HS026836.
Citation: Li J, Qi M, Werner RM .
Assessment of receipt of the first home health care visit after hospital discharge among older adults.
JAMA Netw Open 2020 Sep;3(9):e2015470. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.15470..
Keywords: Elderly, Hospital Discharge, Home Healthcare, Disparities, Access to Care, Racial and Ethnic Minorities