National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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Search All Research Studies
Topics
- Cardiovascular Conditions (2)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 16 of 16 Research Studies DisplayedWickwire EM, Bailey MD, Somers VK
CPAP adherence is associated with reduced inpatient utilization among older adult Medicare beneficiaries with pre-existing cardiovascular disease.
The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of adherence to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy on health care utilization among a nationally representative and sample of older adults with multiple morbidities and pre-existing cardiovascular disease and subsequently diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea in the United States. The investigators concluded that in this nationally representative sample of older Medicare beneficiaries with multiple morbidities and relative to low adherers, high adherers demonstrated reduced inpatient utilization.
AHRQ-funded; HS024560.
Citation: Wickwire EM, Bailey MD, Somers VK .
CPAP adherence is associated with reduced inpatient utilization among older adult Medicare beneficiaries with pre-existing cardiovascular disease.
J Clin Sleep Med 2022 Jan;18(1):39-45. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.9478..
Keywords: Elderly, Medicare, Sleep Problems, Cardiovascular Conditions, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Hospitalization, Healthcare Utilization, Respiratory Conditions
Marcum ZA, Vasan S, Tom S
Self-reported barriers to medication use in older women: findings from the Women's Health Initiative.
This study examined barriers to medication use in older women, using self-reported data from the Women’s Health Initiative from 2005-2010. The prevalence of one or more barriers was measured for women taking chronic medication in these 3 target classes: antilipemics, antihypertensives, and oral hypoglycemic. Criteria also included that they took the medication for at least 1 month and then answered questions about barriers at year 4. Among older women, approximately 20% reported at least 1 barrier to medication use, and 7% reporting multiple barriers. Barriers including concerns about adverse effects, not liking to take medications, and medication costs. Women with multiple barriers were more likely to have at least one of these characteristics: a lower age, Black race, Hispanic ethnicity, or have a poorer quality of health overall.
AHRQ-funded; HS022982.
Citation: Marcum ZA, Vasan S, Tom S .
Self-reported barriers to medication use in older women: findings from the Women's Health Initiative.
J Am Pharm Assoc 2019 Nov - Dec;59(6):842-47. doi: 10.1016/j.japh.2019.07.003..
Keywords: Medication, Women, Elderly, Patient Adherence/Compliance
Marcum ZA, Walker RL, Jones BL
Patterns of antihypertensive and statin adherence prior to dementia: findings from the adult changes in thought study.
Using the hypothesis that changes in medication adherence might represent an early sign of cognitive impairment, this study examined antihypertensive and statin adherence trajectories in community-dwelling older adults to compare which went on to develop dementia and which did not. Data from Adult Changes in Thought (ACT), a population-based cohort study, was analyzed; 4368 participants aged 65 years or older who had at least one follow-up visit were selected, included on the basis of whether they were prevalent users of either a statin or antihypertensive medication on the first day of follow up. Research-quality dementia diagnoses were used to identify cases. Non-dementia control visits were matched by age, sex, and study cohort that occurred at similar follow-up time as the selected case dementia onset. The authors conclude that the patterns of medication adherence that emerged may be useful to identify people with higher likelihood of developing dementia.
AHRQ-funded; HS022982.
Citation: Marcum ZA, Walker RL, Jones BL .
Patterns of antihypertensive and statin adherence prior to dementia: findings from the adult changes in thought study.
BMC Geriatr 2019 Feb 14;19(1):41. doi: 10.1186/s12877-019-1058-6..
Keywords: Dementia, Elderly, Medication, Neurological Disorders, Patient Adherence/Compliance
Doll JA, Hellkamp AS, Thomas L
The association of pre- and posthospital medication adherence in myocardial infarction patients.
Nonadherence to optimal medical therapy following myocardial infarction (MI) is associated with adverse clinical outcomes such as stent thrombosis, recurrent cardiovascular events, and death. Whether adherence to medications prior to MI predicts post-MI medication adherence is unknown. In this study, the investigators assessed adherence to P2Y12 inhibitors and statins before and after admission for MI among 8,147 MI patients who had Medicare insurance with Part D prescription coverage.
AHRQ-funded; HS021092.
Citation: Doll JA, Hellkamp AS, Thomas L .
The association of pre- and posthospital medication adherence in myocardial infarction patients.
Am Heart J 2019 Feb;208:74-80. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2018.11.004..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Elderly, Heart Disease and Health, Medicare, Medication, Patient Adherence/Compliance
Maciejewski ML, Hammill BG, Voils CI
Prescriber continuity and medication availability in older adults with cardiometabolic conditions.
Researchers examined whether the number of prescribers of essential medications was associated with the availability of medications, a surrogate for adherence, to manage diabetes, hypertension or dyslipidemia. They found that the number of prescribers was not significantly associated with availability of oral diabetes agents but having more prescribers is associated with increased medication availability in older Medicare beneficiaries with dyslipidemia or hypertension.
AHRQ-funded; HS023085.
Citation: Maciejewski ML, Hammill BG, Voils CI .
Prescriber continuity and medication availability in older adults with cardiometabolic conditions.
SAGE Open Med 2018 Feb 6;6:2050312118757388. doi: 10.1177/2050312118757388.
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Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Elderly, Medicare, Medication, Patient Adherence/Compliance
Wei YJ, Simoni-Wastila L, Albrecht JS
The association of antidepressant treatment with COPD maintenance medication use and adherence in a comorbid Medicare population: a longitudinal cohort study.
Researchers examined the association between antidepressant treatment and use of and adherence to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) maintenance medications among patients with new-onset COPD and comorbid depression. They concluded that regularly treated depression may increase use of and adherence to necessary maintenance medications for COPD.
AHRQ-funded; HS024560.
Citation: Wei YJ, Simoni-Wastila L, Albrecht JS .
The association of antidepressant treatment with COPD maintenance medication use and adherence in a comorbid Medicare population: a longitudinal cohort study.
Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2018 Feb;33(2):e212-e20. doi: 10.1002/gps.4772.
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Keywords: Medication, Respiratory Conditions, Elderly, Patient Adherence/Compliance
Albrecht JS, Khokhar B, Huang TY
Adherence and healthcare utilization among older adults with COPD and depression.
The researchers quantified the independent effects of adherence to antidepressants and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) maintenance medications on healthcare utilization among individuals co-diagnosed with COPD and depression. They found that, compared to no use,higher levels of adherence to COPD maintenance medications were associated with decreased risk of ED visits and hospitalizations. Similarly, higher levels of adherence to antidepressants resulted in decreased risk of ED visits and hospitalization.
AHRQ-funded; HS024560.
Citation: Albrecht JS, Khokhar B, Huang TY .
Adherence and healthcare utilization among older adults with COPD and depression.
Respir Med 2017 Aug;129:53-58. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2017.06.002.
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Keywords: Elderly, Healthcare Utilization, Respiratory Conditions, Depression, Patient Adherence/Compliance
Maciejewski ML, Hammill BG, Bayliss EA
Prescriber continuity and disease control of older adults.
The objective of this study was to examine whether glycemic control or lipid control was associated with the number of prescribers of cardiometabolic medications. It concluded that multiple prescribers were associated with worse disease control, possibly because patients with more severe diabetes or dyslipidemia have multiple prescribers or because care fragmentation is associated with worse disease control.
AHRQ-funded; HS023085.
Citation: Maciejewski ML, Hammill BG, Bayliss EA .
Prescriber continuity and disease control of older adults.
Med Care 2017 Apr;55(4):405-10. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000658.
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Keywords: Elderly, Medication, Diabetes, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Healthcare Delivery
Marcum ZA, Hanlon JT, Murray MD
Improving medication adherence and health outcomes in older adults: an evidence-based review of randomized controlled trials.
The objective of this review was to provide an updated summary of evidence from randomized controlled studies to determine whether interventions aimed at improving medication adherence also improve the health outcomes of older adults residing in community-based settings. This evidence-based review of medication adherence interventions in older adults revealed promising strategies in the larger context of a largely mixed body of literature.
AHRQ-funded; HS022982; HS023779.
Citation: Marcum ZA, Hanlon JT, Murray MD .
Improving medication adherence and health outcomes in older adults: an evidence-based review of randomized controlled trials.
Drugs Aging 2017 Mar;34(3):191-201. doi: 10.1007/s40266-016-0433-7.
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Keywords: Elderly, Medication, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Education: Patient and Caregiver
Carballo NJ, Alessi CA, Martin JL
Perceived effectiveness, self-efficacy, and social support for oral appliance therapy among older veterans with obstructive sleep apnea.
Adherence to oral appliance therapy may be influenced by patients' perceived effectiveness of the therapy, self-efficacy, and availability of social support. The researchers examined these perceptions among older adults with obstructive sleep apnea who were prescribed oral appliance therapy. They concluded that only about one third of older adults perceived it as an effective treatment, were confident about oral appliance use, and/or believed that they would receive needed support.
AHRQ-funded; HS024379.
Citation: Carballo NJ, Alessi CA, Martin JL .
Perceived effectiveness, self-efficacy, and social support for oral appliance therapy among older veterans with obstructive sleep apnea.
Clin Ther 2016 Nov;38(11):2407-15. doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2016.09.008.
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Keywords: Elderly, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Sleep Problems, Patient Self-Management
Doll JA, Hellkamp AS, Goyal A
Treatment, outcomes, and adherence to medication regimens among dual Medicare-Medicaid-eligible adults with myocardial infarction.
The purpose of the study was to examine the association of dual-eligible status with clinical outcomes and adherence to medication regimens among older adults after MI. The investigators found that compared with Medicare-only patients, older adults with dual Medicare-Medicaid eligibility presenting with MI had superior rates of medication adherence but higher rates of postdischarge readmission and adverse cardiovascular outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS021092.
Citation: Doll JA, Hellkamp AS, Goyal A .
Treatment, outcomes, and adherence to medication regimens among dual Medicare-Medicaid-eligible adults with myocardial infarction.
JAMA Cardiol 2016 Oct 1;1(7):787-94. doi: 10.1001/jamacardio.2016.2724..
Keywords: Elderly, Medicaid, Medicare, Medication, Heart Disease and Health, Outcomes, Patient Adherence/Compliance
Albrecht JS, Park Y, Hur P
Adherence to maintenance medications among older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. the role of depression.
The objective of this study was to assess the impact of depression on COPD maintenance medication adherence among of Medicare beneficiaries newly diagnosed with COPD. Average monthly adherence to COPD maintenance medications was low, peaking at 57 percent in the month after first fill and decreasing to 35 percent within 6 months. In the adjusted regression model, depression was associated with decreased adherence to COPD maintenance medications.
AHRQ-funded; HS024560.
Citation: Albrecht JS, Park Y, Hur P .
Adherence to maintenance medications among older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. the role of depression.
Ann Am Thorac Soc 2016 Sep;13(9):1497-504. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201602-136OC.
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Keywords: Respiratory Conditions, Elderly, Medication, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Depression
Farris KB, Salgado TM, Aneese N
Effect of clinical and attitudinal characteristics on obtaining comprehensive medication reviews.
The researchers sought to quantify the association between attitudinal and clinical factors with intention and predict future behavior to obtain a comprehensive medication reviews (CMR) among Medicare Part D beneficiaries. They found that worrying about medications doing more harm than good, number of pharmacies where participants obtained their medications from, number of medications, and number of medical conditions predicted intention to obtain a CMR.
AHRQ-funded; HS018353.
Citation: Farris KB, Salgado TM, Aneese N .
Effect of clinical and attitudinal characteristics on obtaining comprehensive medication reviews.
J Manag Care Spec Pharm 2016 Apr;22(4):388-95. doi: 10.18553/jmcp.2016.22.4.388.
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Keywords: Medication, Medicare, Elderly, Medication: Safety, Patient Adherence/Compliance
Marcum ZA, Gurwitz JH, Colon-Emeric C
Pills and ills: methodological problems in pharmacological research.
This letter summarizes critical points from a methodology workshop, Pills and Ills: Methodologic Issues in Pharmacologic Research, presented at the 2013 American Geriatrics Society Annual Scientific Meeting. It focuses on two of the most important medication errors in older adults: potentially inappropriate medication use and medication nonadherence.
AHRQ-funded; HS020831.
Citation: Marcum ZA, Gurwitz JH, Colon-Emeric C .
Pills and ills: methodological problems in pharmacological research.
J Am Geriatr Soc 2015 Apr;63(4):829-30. doi: 10.1111/jgs.13371..
Keywords: Medication, Medication: Safety, Elderly, Patient Adherence/Compliance
Albrecht JS, Gruber-Baldini AL, Hirshon JM
Hospital discharge instructions: comprehension and compliance among older adults.
The purpose of this prospective cohort study was to quantify the prevalence of non-comprehension and non-compliance with discharge instructions and to identify associated patient characteristics. The investigators concluded that non-comprehension of discharge instructions among older adults was prevalent, multi-factorial, and varies by domain.
AHRQ-funded; HS021068.
Citation: Albrecht JS, Gruber-Baldini AL, Hirshon JM .
Hospital discharge instructions: comprehension and compliance among older adults.
J Gen Intern Med 2014 Nov;29(11):1491-8. doi: 10.1007/s11606-014-2956-0..
Keywords: Elderly, Health Literacy, Hospital Discharge, Patient Adherence/Compliance
Mixon AS, Neal E, Bell S
Care transitions: a leverage point for safe and effective medication use in older adults--a mini-review.
The authors discuss medication adherence in older adults across the continuum of care, describing reasons for nonadherence, methods to assess adherence, and tools to improve adherence, with particular focus on emerging techniques and technologies.
AHRQ-funded; HS019598.
Citation: Mixon AS, Neal E, Bell S .
Care transitions: a leverage point for safe and effective medication use in older adults--a mini-review.
Gerontology 2015;61(1):32-40. doi: 10.1159/000363765.
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Keywords: Elderly, Hospital Discharge, Medication: Safety, Medication, Patient Adherence/Compliance