National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
Latest available findings on quality of and access to health care
Data
- Data Infographics
- Data Visualizations
- Data Tools
- Data Innovations
- All-Payer Claims Database
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS)
- AHRQ Quality Indicator Tools for Data Analytics
- State Snapshots
- United States Health Information Knowledgebase (USHIK)
- Data Sources Available from AHRQ
Search All Research Studies
AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Access to Care (417)
- Adverse Drug Events (ADE) (321)
- Adverse Events (737)
- Alcohol Use (61)
- Ambulatory Care and Surgery (204)
- Antibiotics (248)
- Antimicrobial Stewardship (157)
- Anxiety (48)
- Arthritis (130)
- Asthma (122)
- Autism (31)
- Back Health and Pain (58)
- Behavioral Health (699)
- Blood Clots (62)
- Blood Pressure (132)
- Blood Thinners (79)
- Brain Injury (64)
- Breast Feeding (18)
- Burnout (64)
- Cancer (788)
- Cancer: Breast Cancer (197)
- Cancer: Cervical Cancer (21)
- Cancer: Colorectal Cancer (116)
- Cancer: Lung Cancer (83)
- Cancer: Ovarian Cancer (9)
- Cancer: Prostate Cancer (108)
- Cancer: Skin Cancer (15)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (711)
- Care Coordination (104)
- Caregiving (223)
- Care Management (225)
- Case Study (101)
- Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI) (55)
- Centers for Education and Research on Therapeutics (CERTs) (12)
- Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI) (61)
- Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) (40)
- Children/Adolescents (1542)
- Chronic Conditions (700)
- Clinical Decision Support (CDS) (199)
- Clinician-Patient Communication (281)
- Clostridium difficile Infections (55)
- Colonoscopy (37)
- Communication (383)
- Community-Acquired Infections (59)
- Community-Based Practice (150)
- Community Partnerships (18)
- Comparative Effectiveness (463)
- Complementary and Alternative Medicine (23)
- Comprehensive Unit-based Safety Program (CUSP) (9)
- Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS) (85)
- COVID-19 (312)
- Critical Care (220)
- Cultural Competence (64)
- Data (174)
- Decision Making (583)
- Dementia (102)
- Dental and Oral Health (66)
- Depression (237)
- Diabetes (369)
- Diagnostic Safety and Quality (545)
- Dialysis (24)
- Digestive Disease and Health (111)
- Disabilities (73)
- Disparities (449)
- Domestic Violence (30)
- Ear Infections (5)
- Education (30)
- Education: Academic (26)
- Education: Continuing Medical Education (159)
- Education: Curriculum (23)
- Education: Patient and Caregiver (231)
- Elderly (944)
- Electronic Health Records (EHRs) (729)
- Electronic Prescribing (E-Prescribing) (26)
- Emergency Department (559)
- Emergency Medical Services (EMS) (163)
- Emergency Preparedness (26)
- Evidence-Based Practice (932)
- Eye Disease and Health (36)
- Falls (85)
- Family Health and History (71)
- Genetics (96)
- Guidelines (364)
- Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) (420)
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) (368)
- Healthcare Costs (787)
- Healthcare Delivery (547)
- Healthcare Utilization (384)
- Health Information Exchange (HIE) (51)
- Health Information Technology (HIT) (1425)
- Health Insurance (434)
- Health Literacy (126)
- Health Promotion (78)
- Health Services Research (HSR) (327)
- Health Status (132)
- Health Systems (104)
- Heart Disease and Health (452)
- Hepatitis (41)
- Home Healthcare (141)
- Hospital Discharge (220)
- Hospitalization (534)
- Hospital Readmissions (323)
- Hospitals (757)
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) (255)
- Imaging (245)
- Implementation (191)
- Infectious Diseases (260)
- Influenza (41)
- Injuries and Wounds (207)
- Inpatient Care (221)
- Intensive Care Unit (ICU) (267)
- Kidney Disease and Health (199)
- Labor and Delivery (106)
- Learning Health Systems (47)
- Lifestyle Changes (134)
- Long-Term Care (226)
- Low-Income (171)
- Maternal Care (182)
- Medicaid (359)
- Medical Devices (71)
- Medical Errors (205)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) (189)
- Medical Liability (26)
- Medicare (573)
- Medication (1681)
- Medication: Safety (231)
- Men's Health (54)
- Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (73)
- Mortality (397)
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) (43)
- Neurological Disorders (197)
- Newborns/Infants (258)
- Nursing (113)
- Nursing Homes (326)
- Nutrition (135)
- Obesity (250)
- Obesity: Weight Management (105)
- Opioids (303)
- Organizational Change (73)
- Orthopedics (106)
- Osteoporosis (30)
- Outcomes (798)
- Pain (208)
- Palliative Care (138)
- Patient-Centered Healthcare (456)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (1033)
- Patient Adherence/Compliance (229)
- Patient and Family Engagement (275)
- Patient Experience (258)
- Patient Safety (1293)
- Patient Self-Management (140)
- Payment (200)
- Pneumonia (82)
- Policy (431)
- Practice-Based Research Network (PBRN) (16)
- Practice Improvement (34)
- Practice Patterns (305)
- Pregnancy (289)
- Pressure Ulcers (28)
- Prevention (794)
- Primary Care (718)
- Primary Care: Models of Care (86)
- Provider (299)
- Provider: Clinician (67)
- Provider: Health Personnel (91)
- Provider: Nurse (112)
- Provider: Pharmacist (98)
- Provider: Physician (237)
- Provider: Physician Assistant (1)
- Provider Performance (199)
- Public Health (182)
- Public Reporting (40)
- Quality Improvement (551)
- Quality Indicators (QIs) (138)
- Quality Measures (227)
- Quality of Care (990)
- Quality of Life (199)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (749)
- Registries (146)
- Rehabilitation (61)
- Research Methodologies (418)
- Respiratory Conditions (367)
- Risk (756)
- Rural/Inner-City Residents (23)
- Rural Health (133)
- Screening (457)
- Sepsis (140)
- Sex Factors (67)
- Sexual Health (126)
- Sickle Cell Disease (49)
- Simulation (48)
- Skin Conditions (121)
- Sleep Problems (70)
- Social Determinants of Health (355)
- Social Media (46)
- Social Stigma (52)
- Stress (71)
- Stroke (162)
- Substance Abuse (299)
- Surgery (1110)
- Surveys on Patient Safety Culture (13)
- System Design (15)
- Teams (137)
- TeamSTEPPS (17)
- Telehealth (256)
- Tobacco Use (83)
- Tobacco Use: Smoking Cessation (22)
- Tools & Toolkits (49)
- Training (143)
- Transitions of Care (192)
- Transplantation (141)
- Trauma (104)
- Treatments (185)
- U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) (217)
- Uninsured (80)
- Urban Health (92)
- Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) (70)
- Vaccination (158)
- Vitamins and Supplements (10)
- Vulnerable Populations (229)
- Web-Based (84)
- Women (545)
- Workflow (66)
- Workforce (89)
- Young Adults (85)
AHRQ Research Studies
Sign up: AHRQ Research Studies Email updates
Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
10901 to 10925 of 12139 Research Studies DisplayedSchackman BR, Fleishman JA, Su AE
AHRQ Author: Fleishman JA
The lifetime medical cost savings from preventing HIV in the United States.
The researchers sought to estimate the medical cost saved by averting 1 HIV infection in the United States. They found that the estimated discounted lifetime cost for persons who become HIV infected at age 35 is $326,500 (60% for antiretroviral medications, 15% for other medications, 25% nondrug costs.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded; 290201100007C.
Citation: Schackman BR, Fleishman JA, Su AE .
The lifetime medical cost savings from preventing HIV in the United States.
Med Care 2015 Apr;53(4):293-301. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000308..
Keywords: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), Healthcare Costs, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Prevention
Pergolotti M, Cutchin MP
The Possibilities for Activity Scale (PActS): Development, validity, and reliability.
This study aimed to develop and validate a measure of perceived occupational possibilities: the Possibilities for Activity Scale (PActS). The PActS demonstrated promising internal consistency reliability and construct-related structural and known-groups validity. The PActS appears to be a useful measure of internalized occupational possibilities for participation in activity for older adults with cancer.
AHRQ-funded; HS000032.
Citation: Pergolotti M, Cutchin MP .
The Possibilities for Activity Scale (PActS): Development, validity, and reliability.
Can J Occup Ther 2015 Apr;82(2):85-92..
Keywords: Cancer, Quality of Life, Elderly
Dicks KV, Baker AW, Durkin MJ
The potential impact of excluding funguria from the surveillance definition of catheter-associated urinary tract infection.
The authors examined surveillance data from a network of community hospitals as well as a tertiary-care medical center to describe the potential impact of excluding yeast as a urinary pathogen from the catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) definition on CAUTI rates. They found that excluding yeast from the CAUTI surveillance definition reduced CAUTI rates by nearly 25% in the studied medical centers.
AHRQ-funded; HS023866.
Citation: Dicks KV, Baker AW, Durkin MJ .
The potential impact of excluding funguria from the surveillance definition of catheter-associated urinary tract infection.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2015 Apr;36(4):467-9. doi: 10.1017/ice.2014.72.
.
.
Keywords: Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Patient Safety, Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
Nembhard IM, Yuan CT, Shabanova V
The relationship between voice climate and patients' experience of timely care in primary care clinics.
The aims of this study were to assess the relationship between organizational climate and patients’ reports of timely care in primary care clinics and to broadly examine the link between staff’s work environment and patient care experiences. It found that clinical and administrative staff (e.g., nurses and office assistants) reported clinics’ climates to be significantly less supportive of voice than did clinical leaders (e.g., physicians).
AHRQ-funded; HS018987; HS016978.
Citation: Nembhard IM, Yuan CT, Shabanova V .
The relationship between voice climate and patients' experience of timely care in primary care clinics.
Health Care Manage Rev 2015 Apr-Jun;40(2):104-15. doi: 10.1097/hmr.0000000000000017..
Keywords: Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Patient Experience, Primary Care, Quality of Care, Organizational Change, Provider
Riall TS, Adhikari D, Parmar AD
The risk paradox: use of elective cholecystectomy in older patients is independent of their risk of developing complications.
For older patients with newly diagnosed symptomatic gallstones, researchers calculated their 2-year risk of emergent gallstone-related hospitalization. They found that patients in the high-risk group were less likely to receive elective cholecystectomy than those in the low-risk group. The study used Texas Medicare data for 161,568 patients with an episode of symptomatic gallstones.
AHRQ-funded; HS022134
Citation: Riall TS, Adhikari D, Parmar AD .
The risk paradox: use of elective cholecystectomy in older patients is independent of their risk of developing complications.
J Am Coll Surg. 2015 Apr;220(4):682-90. doi: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2014.12.012..
Keywords: Hospitalization, Elderly, Medicare, Surgery
Whicher D, Kass N, Saghai Y
The views of quality improvement professionals and comparative effectiveness researchers on ethics, IRBs, and oversight.
The authors conducted a series of semi-structured focus groups with quality improvement (QI) and comparative effectiveness research (CER) professionals to understand their experiences and views of the ethical and regulatory challenges that exist. They found that most participants have experienced challenges related to the ethical oversight of QI and CER activities, and many believe that current regulatory criteria for distinguishing clinical practice from clinical research requiring ethical oversight are confusing.
AHRQ-funded; HS000029.
Citation: Whicher D, Kass N, Saghai Y .
The views of quality improvement professionals and comparative effectiveness researchers on ethics, IRBs, and oversight.
J Empir Res Hum Res Ethics 2015 Apr;10(2):132-44. doi: 10.1177/1556264615571558.
.
.
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Healthcare Delivery, Quality Improvement, Research Methodologies
King JT, Perkal MF, Rosenthal RA
Thirty-day postoperative mortality among individuals with HIV infection receiving antiretroviral therapy and procedure-matched, uninfected comparators.
The researchers explored the current relationship between perioperative mortality and indicators of immune function, anemia, and hypoalbuminemia among HIV-infected and uninfected individuals. Among HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy, modern postoperative mortality rates are low and lower CD4 cell counts are associated with increased mortality, but characteristics other than HIV status, such as age and hypoalbuminemia, are also important determinants of outcome.
AHRQ-funded; HS021112.
Citation: King JT, Perkal MF, Rosenthal RA .
Thirty-day postoperative mortality among individuals with HIV infection receiving antiretroviral therapy and procedure-matched, uninfected comparators.
JAMA Surg 2015 Apr;150(4):343-51. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2014.2257..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Mortality, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hospitalization, Surgery
Geynisman DM, Hu JC, Liu L
Treatment patterns and costs for metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients with private insurance in the United States.
The researchers used a large claims database to examine the evolution of treatment patterns and associated costs for 1527 metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients in the United States. They found that the treatment of mRCC has transitioned from cytokines and cytotoxic chemotherapy to almost exclusively targeted therapy. Cost of care for mRCC is rising each year, and out-of-pocket costs for patients are significant.
AHRQ-funded; HS018535; HS020263.
Citation: Geynisman DM, Hu JC, Liu L .
Treatment patterns and costs for metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients with private insurance in the United States.
Clin Genitourin Cancer 2015 Apr;13(2):e93-100. doi: 10.1016/j.clgc.2014.08.013..
Keywords: Cancer, Kidney Disease and Health, Health Insurance, Healthcare Costs
Holzer J, Kass N
Understanding the supports of and challenges to community engagement in the CTSAs.
The researchers sought to understand the supports and challenges experienced by multiple Clinical and Translational Science Awards programs as they pursued community engagement. The interviews identified three support themes, including: funding, existing relationships with communities, and leadership and a partnership approach at the institution. Six challenge themes arose: need for capacity development, lack of positive relationships with communities, lack of leadership, funding constraints, time and staff constraints, and unsustainable models.
AHRQ-funded; HS017589.
Citation: Holzer J, Kass N .
Understanding the supports of and challenges to community engagement in the CTSAs.
Clin Transl Sci 2015 Apr;8(2):116-22. doi: 10.1111/cts.12205..
Keywords: Community Partnerships, Community-Based Practice, Health Services Research (HSR), Research Methodologies
Martin BI, Lurie JD, Tosteson AN
Use of bone morphogenetic protein among patients undergoing fusion for degenerative diagnoses in the United States, 2002 to 2012.
The authors examined whether published concerns about the safety of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) altered clinical practice. They found that use of BMP in spinal fusion surgery declined subsequent to published safety concerns and revelations of financial conflicts of interest for investigators involved in the pivotal clinical trials.
AHRQ-funded; HS021695.
Citation: Martin BI, Lurie JD, Tosteson AN .
Use of bone morphogenetic protein among patients undergoing fusion for degenerative diagnoses in the United States, 2002 to 2012.
Spine J 2015 Apr;15(4):692-9. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2014.12.010.
.
.
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Patient Safety, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Practice Patterns, Surgery
Metz TD, Allshouse AA, Faucett AM
Validation of a vaginal birth after cesarean delivery prediction model in women with two prior cesarean deliveries.
This study evaluated whether an existing vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) prediction model validated for women with one prior cesarean delivery also accurately predicts the likelihood of VBAC in women with two prior cesarean deliveries. It found that the estimates of VBAC success based on the Maternal-Fetal Medicines Units prediction model are similar to the actual rates observed among women with two prior cesarean deliveries.
AHRQ-funded; HS022143.
Citation: Metz TD, Allshouse AA, Faucett AM .
Validation of a vaginal birth after cesarean delivery prediction model in women with two prior cesarean deliveries.
Obstet Gynecol 2015 Apr;125(4):948-52. doi: 10.1097/aog.0000000000000744..
Keywords: Labor and Delivery, Pregnancy, Women
Lyratzopoulos G, Vedsted P, Singh H
Understanding missed opportunities for more timely diagnosis of cancer in symptomatic patients after presentation.
The authors highlight factors involved in missed opportunities to diagnose cancer more promptly in symptomatic patients and discuss responsible mechanisms and potential strategies to shorten intervals from presentation to diagnosis. They also provide a conceptual foundation for the development of future interventions to minimize the occurrence of missed opportunities in cancer diagnosis.
AHRQ-funded; HS022087.
Citation: Lyratzopoulos G, Vedsted P, Singh H .
Understanding missed opportunities for more timely diagnosis of cancer in symptomatic patients after presentation.
Br J Cancer 2015 Mar 31;112 Suppl 1:S84-91. doi: 10.1038/bjc.2015.47..
Keywords: Cancer, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Quality of Care
Cauley RP, Potanos K, Fullington N
The effect of graft type on mortality in liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma.
The researchers aimed to: (1) examine the risk of mortality in liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), (2) to establish if this risk is affected by partial graft use, and (3) to determine if this effect is mitigated by improved tumor-associated risk stratification. They found that the risk of mortality following LT does not differ by the type of graft used in recipients with favorable-risk HCC or those without HCC.
AHRQ-funded; HS019485.
Citation: Cauley RP, Potanos K, Fullington N .
The effect of graft type on mortality in liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma.
Ann Transplant 2015 Mar 30;20:175-85. doi: 10.12659/aot.892613..
Keywords: Mortality, Cancer, Transplantation, Comparative Effectiveness, Outcomes
Magnan EM, Gittelson R, Bartels CM
Establishing chronic condition concordance and discordance with diabetes: a Delphi study.
This study aimed to provide more information for the future research and clinical use of the concordant/discordant framework by increasing the number of conditions that can be characterized as concordant or discordant with diabetes. By finding that 12 conditions were concordant with diabetes care and 50 were discordant, the study significantly adds to the number of conditions for which there is information on concordance and discordance for diabetes care.
AHRQ-funded; HS018368; HS007646; HS021899.
Citation: Magnan EM, Gittelson R, Bartels CM .
Establishing chronic condition concordance and discordance with diabetes: a Delphi study.
BMC Fam Pract 2015 Mar 28;16:42. doi: 10.1186/s12875-015-0253-6..
Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Diabetes, Primary Care, Practice Patterns
Snyder ME, Earl TR, Gilchrist S
Collaborative drug therapy management: case studies of three community-based models of care.
The objectives of this study were to understand how collaborative drug therapy management (CDTM) practices were implemented in 3 community settings and to identify common and unique facilitators and barriers to implementing CDTM. The authors believe that the models described in this study could be used to strengthen clinical–community linkages through team-based care, particularly for chronic disease prevention and management.
AHRQ-funded; HS022119.
Citation: Snyder ME, Earl TR, Gilchrist S .
Collaborative drug therapy management: case studies of three community-based models of care.
Prev Chronic Dis 2015 Mar 26;12:E39. doi: 10.5888/pcd12.140504..
Keywords: Care Management, Case Study, Community-Based Practice, Medication, Primary Care: Models of Care, Provider: Pharmacist
Bangalore S, Guo Y, Samadashvili Z
Everolimus-eluting stents or bypass surgery for multivessel coronary disease.
Previous studies have shown lower long-term mortality after coronary-artery bypass grafting (CABG) than after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) among patients with multivessel disease. The authors evaluated PCI with second-generation drug-eluting stents. They found that the risk of death associated with PCI with everolimus-eluting stents was similar to that associated with CABG. PCI was associated with a higher risk of myocardial infarction (among patients with incomplete revascularization) and repeat revascularization but with a lower risk of stroke.
AHRQ-funded; HS023683.
Citation: Bangalore S, Guo Y, Samadashvili Z .
Everolimus-eluting stents or bypass surgery for multivessel coronary disease.
N Engl J Med 2015 Mar 26;372(13):1213-22. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1412168.
.
.
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Medication, Heart Disease and Health, Surgery
Mullen MT, Branas CC, Kasner SE
Optimization modeling to maximize population access to comprehensive stroke centers.
This report demonstrates how mathematical optimization modeling can inform the strategic development of the US network of stroke centers by simulating the conversion of primary stroke centers into comprehensive stroke centers (CSCs). Optimal system simulation can be used to develop efficient care systems that maximize accessibility. Under optimal conditions, a large proportion of the US population will be unable to access a CSC within 60 minutes.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852; HS017960; HS010914.
Citation: Mullen MT, Branas CC, Kasner SE .
Optimization modeling to maximize population access to comprehensive stroke centers.
Neurology 2015 Mar 24;84(12):1196-205. doi: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000001390..
Keywords: Stroke, Access to Care, Health Services Research (HSR)
Olfson M
Surveillance of adverse psychiatric medication events.
This article estimates the numbers and rates of adverse drug event (ADE) emergency department (ED) visits involving psychiatric medications among US adults between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2011. The author finds that there were an estimated 89,094 psychiatric medication ADE emergency department visits annually, with 19.3 percent resulting in hospitalization and 49.4 percent involving patients aged 19 to 44.
AHRQ-funded; HS021112.
Citation: Olfson M .
Surveillance of adverse psychiatric medication events.
JAMA 2015 Mar 24-31;313(12):1256-7. doi: 10.1001/jama.2014.15743..
Keywords: Emergency Department, Behavioral Health, Hospitalization, Medication
Drake BF, Abadin SS, Lyons S
Mammograms on-the-go-predictors of repeat visits to mobile mammography vans in St Louis, Missouri, USA: a case-control study.
The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which women use mobile mammography vans for breast cancer screening and what factors are associated with repeat visits to these vans. Women who were aged 50–65, uninsured, or African-American had higher odds of a repeat visit to the mobile mammography van compared with women who were aged 40–50, insured, or Caucasian.
AHRQ-funded; HS022330.
Citation: Drake BF, Abadin SS, Lyons S .
Mammograms on-the-go-predictors of repeat visits to mobile mammography vans in St Louis, Missouri, USA: a case-control study.
BMJ Open 2015 Mar 20;5(3):e006960. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006960..
Keywords: Cancer: Breast Cancer, Healthcare Utilization, Screening, Women, Healthcare Utilization, Imaging
Trick WE, Deamant C, Smith J
Implementation of an audio computer-assisted self-interview (ACASI) system in a general medicine clinic: patient response burden.
The objective of this study was to evaluate time burden for patients, and factors associated with response times for an audio computer-assisted self-interview (ACASI) system integrated into the clinical workflow. It found that an ACASI software system can be included in a patient visit and adds minimal time burden. The burden was greatest for older patients, interviews in Spanish, and for those with less computer exposure.
AHRQ-funded; HS019481.
Citation: Trick WE, Deamant C, Smith J .
Implementation of an audio computer-assisted self-interview (ACASI) system in a general medicine clinic: patient response burden.
Appl Clin Inform 2015 Mar 18;6(1):148-62. doi: 10.4338/aci-2014-09-ra-0073..
Keywords: Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Nishi SP, Zhang W, Kuo YF
Oxygen therapy use in older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
The researchers examined national trends and factors associated with the use of oxygen therapy and sustained oxygen therapy in older adults with COPD between 2001 and 2010. They found an increase in oxygen therapy use but a decrease in sustained oxygen therapy in fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries with COPD from 2001 to 2010.
AHRQ-funded; HS022134; HS020642.
Citation: Nishi SP, Zhang W, Kuo YF .
Oxygen therapy use in older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
PLoS One 2015 Mar 18;10(3):e0120684. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120684..
Keywords: Elderly, Medicare, Respiratory Conditions
Jarvik JG, Gold LS, Comstock BA
Association of early imaging for back pain with clinical outcomes in older adults.
This study compared function and pain at the 12-month follow-up visit among older adults who received early imaging with those who did not receive early imaging after a new primary care visit for back pain without radiculopathy. It found that early imaging was not associated with better 1-year outcomes. The researchers concluded that the value of early diagnostic imaging in older adults for back pain with radiculopathy is uncertain.
AHRQ-funded; HS019222, HS022972
Citation: Jarvik JG, Gold LS, Comstock BA .
Association of early imaging for back pain with clinical outcomes in older adults.
JAMA. 2015 Mar 17;313(11):1143-53. doi: 10.1001/jama.2015.1871..
Keywords: Back Health and Pain, Elderly, Primary Care, Outcomes, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Imaging
Bateman BT, Hernandez-Diaz S, Fischer MA
Statins and congenital malformations: cohort study.
The researchers undertook an epidemiologic study to assess the association between statin use in the first trimester and the risk of congenital malformations, using data derived from a large cohort of Medicaid beneficiaries. They found that women taking statins during the first trimester of pregnancy were at an increased risk of delivering an infant with malformations. The association was explained by underlying characteristics of users, mainly pre-existing diabetes.
AHRQ-funded; HS018533.
Citation: Bateman BT, Hernandez-Diaz S, Fischer MA .
Statins and congenital malformations: cohort study.
BMJ 2015 Mar 17;350:h1035. doi: 10.1136/bmj.h1035..
Keywords: Pregnancy, Medication, Risk, Newborns/Infants
Abraham AG, Althoff KN, Jing Y
End-stage renal disease among HIV-infected adults in North America.
Given the many potential contributors to ESRD risk, the goal of this study was to assess the relative contributions of clinical and demographic factors to ESRD. It found that HIV-infected ESRD cases were more likely to be of black race, have diabetes mellitus or hypertension, inject drugs, and/or have a prior AIDS-defining illness.
AHRQ-funded; 290201100007C.
Citation: Abraham AG, Althoff KN, Jing Y .
End-stage renal disease among HIV-infected adults in North America.
Clin Infect Dis 2015 Mar 15;60(6):941-9. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciu919..
Keywords: Kidney Disease and Health, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Risk, Diabetes
Lo AX, Donnelly JP, McGwin G
Impact of gait speed and instrumental activities of daily living on all-cause mortality in adults >/=65 years with heart failure.
This study investigated the impact of gait speed and IADL, separately and combined, on all-cause mortality in adults with incident heart failure who are >65 years. It found that the combined presence of slower gait speed and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) impairment was associated with a greater risk of mortality and suggested an additive relation between gait speed and IADL.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Lo AX, Donnelly JP, McGwin G .
Impact of gait speed and instrumental activities of daily living on all-cause mortality in adults >/=65 years with heart failure.
Am J Cardiol 2015 Mar 15;115(6):797-801. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2014.12.044..
Keywords: Elderly, Heart Disease and Health, Mortality