National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Adverse Events (2)
- Antimicrobial Stewardship (1)
- Back Health and Pain (1)
- Behavioral Health (4)
- Blood Pressure (1)
- Breast Feeding (1)
- Cancer (4)
- Cancer: Breast Cancer (1)
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- Care Management (3)
- Case Study (2)
- Centers for Education and Research on Therapeutics (CERTs) (1)
- Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI) (1)
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- Diagnostic Safety and Quality (1)
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- Education: Continuing Medical Education (1)
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- Electronic Health Records (EHRs) (1)
- Emergency Department (1)
- (-) Evidence-Based Practice (66)
- Eye Disease and Health (1)
- Genetics (2)
- Guidelines (11)
- Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) (3)
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- Outcomes (5)
- Pain (2)
- Palliative Care (2)
- Patient-Centered Healthcare (3)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (15)
- Patient Adherence/Compliance (1)
- Patient Safety (5)
- Policy (4)
- Practice-Based Research Network (PBRN) (1)
- Practice Patterns (1)
- Pregnancy (1)
- Pressure Ulcers (1)
- Prevention (9)
- Primary Care (5)
- Provider (1)
- Provider: Health Personnel (1)
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- Quality Improvement (6)
- Quality Indicators (QIs) (1)
- Quality Measures (2)
- Quality of Care (6)
- Quality of Life (1)
- Registries (3)
- Research Methodologies (8)
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- Screening (8)
- Sex Factors (1)
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- U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) (11)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
51 to 66 of 66 Research Studies DisplayedKim A, Silverberg JI
A systematic review of vigorous physical activity in eczema.
The researchers conducted a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis to explore the relationship between eczema and vigorous physical activity. Their systematic review revealed few high-quality studies, with varying definitions of exercise and vigorous physical activity, and it appears that none of the self-reported assessments of physical activity was previously validated.
AHRQ-funded; HS023011.
Citation: Kim A, Silverberg JI .
A systematic review of vigorous physical activity in eczema.
Br J Dermatol 2016 Mar;174(3):660-2. doi: 10.1111/bjd.14179.
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Keywords: Lifestyle Changes, Evidence-Based Practice
Kronick R
AHRQ Author: Kronick R
AHRQ's role in improving quality, safety, and health system performance.
The author, director of AHRQ, focuses on several topics including investing in research and evidence to understand how to improve the safety and quality of health care, and generating measures and data used to track and improve performance and evaluate progress of the U.S. health-care system. He concludes by discussing AHRQ’s continuing exploration of ways to expand its efforts in patient safety into nonhospital settings.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Kronick R .
AHRQ's role in improving quality, safety, and health system performance.
Public Health Rep 2016 Mar-Apr;131(2):229-32.
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Keywords: Patient Safety, Quality of Care, Evidence-Based Practice, Health Services Research (HSR)
Wilson KC, Gould MK, Krishnan JA
An official American Thoracic Society workshop report. A framework for addressing multimorbidity in clinical practice guidelines for pulmonary disease, critical illness, and sleep disorders.
The American Thoracic Society convened a workshop to establish a strategy to address multimorbidity within clinical practice guidelines. This report describes a framework that addresses multimorbidity in each of the key steps of guideline development: topic selection, panel composition, identifying clinical questions, searching for and synthesizing evidence, rating the quality of that evidence, summarizing benefits and harms, formulating recommendations, and rating the strength of the recommendations.
AHRQ-funded; HS020672.
Citation: Wilson KC, Gould MK, Krishnan JA .
An official American Thoracic Society workshop report. A framework for addressing multimorbidity in clinical practice guidelines for pulmonary disease, critical illness, and sleep disorders.
Ann Am Thorac Soc 2016 Mar;13(3):S12-21. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201601-007ST.
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Keywords: Sleep Problems, Guidelines, Evidence-Based Practice, Chronic Conditions, Respiratory Conditions
Fordis M, King JE, Bonaduce de Nigris F
Dissemination of evidence from systematic reviews through academic CME providers: a feasibility study.
This study explored the feasibility of working with continuing medical education (CME) directors and faculty to promote systematic review utilization. They found that potential barriers included faculty unfamiliarity with systematic reviews, challenges in maintaining review currency, and review scope. Systematic review evidence and summary products proved acceptable to CME directors, course faculty, and learners by multiple measures, demonstrating the feasibility of approaches to use AHRQ-SRs in CME courses and programming.
AHRQ-funded; 290200810015.
Citation: Fordis M, King JE, Bonaduce de Nigris F .
Dissemination of evidence from systematic reviews through academic CME providers: a feasibility study.
J Contin Educ Health Prof 2016 Spring;36(2):104-12. doi: 10.1097/ceh.0000000000000074.
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Keywords: Communication, Education: Continuing Medical Education, Evidence-Based Practice, Implementation
Ngo-Metzger O, Blitz J
AHRQ Author: Ngo-Metzger Q
Screening for high blood pressure in adults.
This case study involves a 55-year-old black man who presents for a blood pressure evaluation. It poses three multiple choice questions together with the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations and related background information.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Ngo-Metzger O, Blitz J .
Screening for high blood pressure in adults.
Am Fam Physician 2016 Mar 15;93(6):511-2.
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Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Blood Pressure, Screening, Guidelines, Case Study, Evidence-Based Practice
Chou R, Dana T, Bougatsos C
Screening for impaired visual acuity in older adults: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
This update of a 2009 systematic review on screening for impaired visual acuity among older adults found that new evidence on the diagnostic accuracy of visual acuity screening tests was limited and consistent with previous findings that screening questions or a visual acuity test was associated with suboptimal accuracy. Direct evidence found no significant difference between vision screening in older adults in primary care settings vs no screening for improving visual acuity or other clinical outcomes.
AHRQ-funded.
Citation: Chou R, Dana T, Bougatsos C .
Screening for impaired visual acuity in older adults: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2016 Mar 1;315(9):915-33. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.0783.
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Keywords: Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Evidence-Based Practice, Eye Disease and Health, Primary Care, Screening, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Dixon BE, Whipple EC, Lajiness JM
Utilizing an integrated infrastructure for outcomes research: a systematic review.
The authors explored the ability of an integrated health information infrastructure to support outcomes research. They found that more recent publications demonstrate growing external collaborations facilitated by greater access to the infrastructure and improved opportunities to study broader disease and health outcomes. They concluded that integrated information infrastructures can stimulate learning from electronic data captured during routine clinical care but require time and collaboration to reach full potential.
AHRQ-funded; HS020909.
Citation: Dixon BE, Whipple EC, Lajiness JM .
Utilizing an integrated infrastructure for outcomes research: a systematic review.
Health Info Libr J 2016 Mar;33(1):7-32. doi: 10.1111/hir.12127.
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Keywords: Health Information Technology (HIT), Outcomes, Research Methodologies, Evidence-Based Practice
Robinson KA, Chou R, Berkman ND
AHRQ Author: Chang S
Twelve recommendations for integrating existing systematic reviews into new reviews: EPC guidance.
As time and cost constraints in the conduct of systematic reviews increase, the need to consider the use of existing systematic reviews also increases. The authors developed guidance on the integration of systematic reviews into new reviews. Recommendations addressing selecting reviews, assessing risk of bias, qualitative and quantitative synthesis, and summarizing and assessing body of evidence were developed.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded
Citation: Robinson KA, Chou R, Berkman ND .
Twelve recommendations for integrating existing systematic reviews into new reviews: EPC guidance.
J Clin Epidemiol 2016 Feb. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2015.05.035..
Keywords: Research Methodologies, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines
Collinsworth AW, Priest EL, Campbell CR
A review of multifaceted care approaches for the prevention and mitigation of delirium in intensive care units.
The objective of this review was to examine the effectiveness, implementation, and costs of multifaceted care approaches, including care bundles, for the prevention and mitigation of delirium in patients hospitalized in intensive care units (ICUs). It concluded that although multifaceted care approaches may reduce delirium and improve patient outcomes, greater improvements may be achieved by deploying a comprehensive bundle of care practices.
AHRQ-funded; HS021459.
Citation: Collinsworth AW, Priest EL, Campbell CR .
A review of multifaceted care approaches for the prevention and mitigation of delirium in intensive care units.
J Intensive Care Med 2016 Feb;31(2):127-41. doi: 10.1177/0885066614553925.
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Keywords: Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Prevention, Evidence-Based Practice, Critical Care, Quality of Care
Alvarez E, Uslan DZ, Malloy T
It is time to revise our approach to registering antimicrobial agents for health care settings.
This paper discusses antimicrobial surfaces, such as copper alloy, for the prevention of healthcare-associated infections. The authors address the current process for registering antimicrobial products, flaws in the registration requirements, and the need for evidence-based approaches to reduce healthcare-associated infections.
AHRQ-funded; HS021188.
Citation: Alvarez E, Uslan DZ, Malloy T .
It is time to revise our approach to registering antimicrobial agents for health care settings.
Am J Infect Control 2016 Feb;44(2):228-32. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2015.09.015.
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Keywords: Antimicrobial Stewardship, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Prevention, Evidence-Based Practice, Registries
Reynolds RJ, Vazquez AI, Srinivasasainagendra V
Serum urate gene associations with incident gout, measured in the Framingham Heart Study, are modified by renal disease and not by body mass index.
The researchers hypothesized that serum urate-associated SNPs, individually or collectively, interact with BMI and renal disease to contribute to risk of incident gout. They measured the incidence of gout and associated comorbidities using the original and offspring cohorts of the Framingham Heart Study. They demonstrated that minor alleles of rs1106766 (intergenic, INHBC) were negatively associated with the risk of incident gout in subjects without renal disease, but not for individuals with renal disease.
AHRQ-funded; HS021110.
Citation: Reynolds RJ, Vazquez AI, Srinivasasainagendra V .
Serum urate gene associations with incident gout, measured in the Framingham Heart Study, are modified by renal disease and not by body mass index.
Rheumatol Int 2016 Feb;36(2):263-70. doi: 10.1007/s00296-015-3364-4.
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Keywords: Centers for Education and Research on Therapeutics (CERTs), Evidence-Based Practice, Genetics, Risk, Obesity
Gartlehner G, Dobrescu A, Evans TS
The predictive validity of quality of evidence grades for the stability of effect estimates was low: a meta-epidemiological study.
This study sought to determine the predictive validity of the U.S. Evidence-based Practice Center (EPC) approach to GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation). It concluded that the limited predictive validity of the EPC approach to GRADE seems to reflect a mismatch between expected and observed changes in treatment effects as bodies of evidence advance from insufficient to high quality of evidence.
AHRQ-funded; 290201200008I.
Citation: Gartlehner G, Dobrescu A, Evans TS .
The predictive validity of quality of evidence grades for the stability of effect estimates was low: a meta-epidemiological study.
J Clin Epidemiol 2016 Feb;70:52-60. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2015.08.018.
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Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice, Research Methodologies, Quality Measures
Fan T, Blitz J
AHRQ Author: Fan T
Screening for iron deficiency anemia and iron supplementation in pregnant women to improve maternal health and birth outcomes.
This case study involves a 28-year-old woman presents for a routine antepartum visit. She is 33 weeks pregnant and also has a four-year-old son. She has no particular problems, and the findings from your examination are unremarkable. She asks if her blood iron level should be tested. Based on the recommendations of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, the quiz asks 3 questions involving screening and treatment.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Fan T, Blitz J .
Screening for iron deficiency anemia and iron supplementation in pregnant women to improve maternal health and birth outcomes.
Am Fam Physician 2016 Jan 15;93(2):137-8..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Screening, Maternal Care, Women, Guidelines, Evidence-Based Practice
Gartlehner G, Dobrescu A, Evans TS
Average effect estimates remain similar as evidence evolves from single trials to high-quality bodies of evidence: a meta-epidemiologic study.
The objective of this study was to use a diverse sample of medical interventions to assess empirically whether first trials rendered substantially different treatment effect estimates than reliable, high-quality bodies of evidence. It concluded that results of first trials often change, but the magnitude of change, on average, is small. Exceptions are first trials that present large treatment effects, which often dissipate as new evidence accrues.
AHRQ-funded; 290201200008I.
Citation: Gartlehner G, Dobrescu A, Evans TS .
Average effect estimates remain similar as evidence evolves from single trials to high-quality bodies of evidence: a meta-epidemiologic study.
J Clin Epidemiol 2016 Jan;69:16-22. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2015.02.013..
Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice, Comparative Effectiveness, Treatments
Berliner E
AHRQ Author: Berliner E
Multisociety letter to the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality: serious methodological flaws plague technology assessment on pain management injection therapies for low back pain.
The recent publication of an AHRQ report on Pain Management Injection Therapies for Low Back Pain has raised significant concerns for physicians who utilize injection procedures to treat patients suffering with pain and functional limitations resulting from spinal pathology. The authors are concerned that the methodology used by the report cannot and does not make such determinations, and that the conclusions may lead to egregious denial of access to these procedures for many patients suffering from low back pain.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Berliner E .
Multisociety letter to the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality: serious methodological flaws plague technology assessment on pain management injection therapies for low back pain.
Pain Med 2016 Jan;17(1):10-15. doi: 10.1111/pme.12934..
Keywords: Back Health and Pain, Care Management, Chronic Conditions, Evidence-Based Practice, Health Services Research (HSR), Pain, Research Methodologies
Kwan BM, Sills MR, Graham D
Stakeholder engagement in a patient-reported outcomes (PRO) measure implementation: a report from the SAFTINet Practice-based Research Network (PBRN).
The objective is to demonstrate the use of stakeholder engagement in implementation of patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures. It concluded that stakeholder engagement appeared useful for promoting PRO measure implementation in clinical practice, in a way that met the needs of both researchers and clinical practice stakeholders.
AHRQ-funded; HS019908.
Citation: Kwan BM, Sills MR, Graham D .
Stakeholder engagement in a patient-reported outcomes (PRO) measure implementation: a report from the SAFTINet Practice-based Research Network (PBRN).
J Am Board Fam Med 2016 Jan-Feb;29(1):102-15. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2016.01.150141.
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Keywords: Practice-Based Research Network (PBRN), Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Comparative Effectiveness, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Evidence-Based Practice