National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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Search All Research Studies
Topics
- Asthma (1)
- Behavioral Health (1)
- Cancer (2)
- Cancer: Breast Cancer (1)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (2)
- Care Coordination (1)
- Children/Adolescents (1)
- Chronic Conditions (1)
- Clinician-Patient Communication (6)
- (-) Communication (17)
- Comparative Effectiveness (2)
- Data (1)
- Decision Making (2)
- Diabetes (1)
- Disparities (1)
- Electronic Health Records (EHRs) (1)
- Emergency Department (2)
- Evidence-Based Practice (5)
- Family Health and History (1)
- Healthcare Delivery (2)
- Health Information Technology (HIT) (3)
- Health Literacy (1)
- Health Services Research (HSR) (1)
- Heart Disease and Health (2)
- Hospitals (1)
- Imaging (1)
- Implementation (3)
- Inpatient Care (1)
- Lifestyle Changes (1)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) (1)
- Outcomes (3)
- Patient-Centered Healthcare (9)
- (-) Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (17)
- Patient and Family Engagement (2)
- Patient Experience (1)
- Prevention (3)
- Primary Care (2)
- Quality Improvement (2)
- Quality of Care (3)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (3)
- Risk (1)
- Social Determinants of Health (1)
- Women (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 17 of 17 Research Studies DisplayedMahorter SS, Knerr S, Bowles EJA
Prior breast density awareness, knowledge, and communication in a health system-embedded behavioral intervention trial.
This study examined knowledge of breast density as an important breast cancer risk factor among a set of women in a health system-embedded trial who had clinically elevated breast cancer risk 1 year before state-mandated density disclosure. The majority of the women (91%) had heard of breast density and were aware of its masking effect (87%). Only 60% had ever discussed their breast density with a provider.
AHRQ-funded; HS022982.
Citation: Mahorter SS, Knerr S, Bowles EJA .
Prior breast density awareness, knowledge, and communication in a health system-embedded behavioral intervention trial.
Cancer 2020 Apr 15;126(8):1614-21. doi: 10.1002/cncr.32711..
Keywords: Cancer: Breast Cancer, Cancer, Women, Communication, Clinician-Patient Communication, Risk, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Anderson AC, Akre E, Chen J
Exploring national trends of patient- and family-centered care among US children.
This study examined national trends in the receipt of high-quality patient-physician communication and patient empowerment through behavioral health counseling among children in the United States. They used Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) data from 2010 to 2014. Two measures of patient- and family-centered care (PFCC) were analyzed: 1) a composite measure of high-quality patient-physician communication, and 2) patient empowerment through behavioral health counseling about healthy eating and exercise. There were high rates of receiving high-quality physician-patient communication (92-93%) as opposed to behavioral counseling about healthy eating (53-60%) and exercise (37-42%). There was a higher rate of high-quality physician-patient communication in 2014 than in 2010, but there was not a similar increase in receiving behavioral health counseling. Lower odds of receiving behavioral health counseling were found for parents with low income and low educational attainment as well as lack of insurance.
AHRQ-funded; HS022135.
Citation: Anderson AC, Akre E, Chen J .
Exploring national trends of patient- and family-centered care among US children.
J Child Health Care 2019 Jun;23(2):200-12. doi: 10.1177/1367493518786015..
Keywords: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), Children/Adolescents, Clinician-Patient Communication, Communication, Patient and Family Engagement, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Family Health and History, Lifestyle Changes
Timbie JW, Kranz AM, Mahmud A
Federally qualified health center strategies for integrating care with hospitals and their association with measures of communication.
Federally qualified health centers have aligned clinical services and systems with local hospitals, but little is known about the specific care integration strategies health centers use or their impact on care. In this study, a research team examined the use of strategies by health centers to integrate care with hospitals and emergency departments (EDs) and their association with performance on measures of health center-hospital communication.
AHRQ-funded; HS024067.
Citation: Timbie JW, Kranz AM, Mahmud A .
Federally qualified health center strategies for integrating care with hospitals and their association with measures of communication.
Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf 2019 Sep;45(9):620-28. doi: 10.1016/j.jcjq.2019.06.004..
Keywords: Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Hospitals, Communication, Emergency Department, Care Coordination, Healthcare Delivery
Patel MR, Smith A, Leo H
Improving patient-provider communication and therapeutic practice through better integration of electronic health records in the exam room: a pilot study.
This study assessed the effectiveness of providing physicians who use electronic health records (EHRs) education for communication strategies and its impact on patient outcomes. The evidence-based Physician Asthma Care Education (PACE) program was extended in a pilot program using 18 providers and 126 adult patients with persistent asthma. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and 3- and 6-month postintervention intervals. Providers who completed the EHR-PACE program felt more confident in communicating with their patients, but there was no significant changes in patient asthma outcomes or their perceptions of their provider’s communication skills.
AHRQ-funded; HS023786.
Citation: Patel MR, Smith A, Leo H .
Improving patient-provider communication and therapeutic practice through better integration of electronic health records in the exam room: a pilot study.
Health Educ Behav 2019 Jun;46(3):484-93. doi: 10.1177/1090198118796879..
Keywords: Asthma, Clinician-Patient Communication, Communication, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Evidence-Based Practice, Health Information Technology (HIT), Outcomes, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Pavlo AJ, O'Connell M, Olsen S
Missing ingredients in shared decision-making?
This article discusses the practice of shared decision making (SDM) for clinicians when making decisions in health care. This widespread practice is considered the best approach for person-centered care, but for individuals diagnosed with serious mental illness there are still many barriers to effective collaboration. The authors suggest that more emphasis needs to be placed on the doctor-patient relationship itself conducting SDM.
AHRQ-funded; HS023000.
Citation: Pavlo AJ, O'Connell M, Olsen S .
Missing ingredients in shared decision-making?
Psychiatr Q 2019 Jun;90(2):333-38. doi: 10.1007/s11126-019-9624-9..
Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Clinician-Patient Communication, Communication, Decision Making, Behavioral Health, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Patient and Family Engagement
Chou AF, Homco JB, Nagykaldi Z
Disseminating, implementing, and evaluating patient-centered outcomes to improve cardiovascular care using a stepped-wedge design: healthy hearts for Oklahoma.
The Healthy Hearts for Oklahoma (H2O) Study proposes to build a quality improvement (QI) infrastructure by (1) constructing a sustainable Oklahoma Primary Healthcare Improvement Collaborative (OPHIC) to support dissemination and implementation (D&I) of QI methods; and (2) providing QI support in primary care practices to better manage patients at risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. H2O has 263 small primary care practices across Oklahoma that receive the bundled QI intervention to improve ABCS (aspirin therapy, blood pressure control, cholesterol management, and smoking cessation) performance. The infrastructure established as a result of this funding will help reach medically underserved Oklahomans, particularly among rural and tribal populations.
AHRQ-funded; HS023919.
Citation: Chou AF, Homco JB, Nagykaldi Z .
Disseminating, implementing, and evaluating patient-centered outcomes to improve cardiovascular care using a stepped-wedge design: healthy hearts for Oklahoma.
BMC Health Serv Res 2018 Jun 4;18(1):404. doi: 10.1186/s12913-018-3189-4.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Communication, Heart Disease and Health, Healthcare Delivery, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Primary Care, Prevention, Quality of Care, Quality Improvement
Meyers D, Miller T, Genevro J
AHRQ Author: Meyers D, Miller T, Genevro J, Zhan C, De La Mare J, Fournier A, Bennett H, McNellis RJ
EvidenceNOW: Balancing primary care implementation and implementation research.
In 2015, AHRQ invested in the largest primary care research project in its history. EvidenceNOW is a $112 million effort to disseminate and implement patient-centered outcomes research evidence in more than 1,500 primary care practices and to study how quality-improvement support can build the capacity of primary care practices to understand and apply evidence. EvidenceNOW comprises 7 implementation research grants, each funded to provide external quality-improvement support to primary care practices to implement evidence-based cardiovascular care and to conduct rigorous internal evaluations of their work.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Meyers D, Miller T, Genevro J .
EvidenceNOW: Balancing primary care implementation and implementation research.
Ann Fam Med 2018 Apr;16(Suppl 1):S5-s11. doi: 10.1370/afm.2196.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Communication, Evidence-Based Practice, Heart Disease and Health, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Prevention, Primary Care, Quality of Care, Quality Improvement, Implementation
Arcia A, Woollen J, Bakken S
A systematic method for exploring data attributes in preparation for designing tailored infographics of patient reported outcomes.
Tailored visualizations of patient reported outcomes (PROs) are valuable health communication tools to support shared decision making, health self-management, and engagement with research participants, such as cohorts in the NIH Precision Medicine Initiative. The authors of the study present a systematic method to exploring data attributes, with a specific focus on application to self-reported health data. They present two case studies to illustrate how this method affected design decisions particularly with respect to outlier and non-missing zero values.
AHRQ-funded; HS019853; HS022961.
Citation: Arcia A, Woollen J, Bakken S .
A systematic method for exploring data attributes in preparation for designing tailored infographics of patient reported outcomes.
eGEMS 2018 Jan 24;6(1):2. doi: 10.5334/egems.190..
Keywords: Communication, Decision Making, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Data
Castro FG, Yasui M
Advances in EBI development for diverse populations: towards a science of intervention adaptation.
This introduction examines major issues and challenges as presented in this special issue of Prevention Science, "Challenges to the Dissemination and Implementation of Evidence Based Prevention Interventions for Diverse Populations." The authors describe the Fidelity-Adaptation Dilemma that generated controversies and debates and new perspectives on the dissemination and implementation of evidence-based interventions (EBIs) within diverse populations. The five articles in this special issue address many of these controversies and challenges.
AHRQ-funded; HS023007.
Citation: Castro FG, Yasui M .
Advances in EBI development for diverse populations: towards a science of intervention adaptation.
Prev Sci 2017 Aug;18(6):623-29. doi: 10.1007/s11121-017-0809-x.
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Keywords: Communication, Disparities, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Prevention, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Implementation
Fisher K, Smith K, Gallagher T
We want to know: eliciting hospitalized patients' perspectives on breakdowns in care.
Researchers interviewed a broad sample of patients during hospitalization and postdischarge to elicit patient perspectives on breakdowns in care. When asked directly, almost 4 out of 10 hospitalized patients reported a breakdown in their care. Patient- perceived breakdowns in care are frequently associated with perceived harm, illustrating the importance of detecting and addressing these events.
AHRQ-funded; HS024596; HS022757.
Citation: Fisher K, Smith K, Gallagher T .
We want to know: eliciting hospitalized patients' perspectives on breakdowns in care.
J Hosp Med 2017 Aug;12(8):603-09. doi: 10.12788/jhm.2783.
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Keywords: Communication, Quality of Care, Inpatient Care, Patient Experience, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Sabbatini AK, Merck LH, Froemming AT
Optimizing patient-centered communication and multidisciplinary care coordination in emergency diagnostic imaging: a research agenda.
This article summarizes findings reached during the patient-centered outcomes session of the 2015 Academic Emergency Medicine consensus conference "Diagnostic Imaging in the Emergency Department: A Research Agenda to Optimize Utilization." The primary objective was to develop a research agenda focused on 1) defining component parts of the emergency diagnostic imaging care coordination process, 2) identifying gaps in communication that affect emergency diagnostic imaging, and 3) defining optimal methods of communication.
AHRQ-funded; HS022982.
Citation: Sabbatini AK, Merck LH, Froemming AT .
Optimizing patient-centered communication and multidisciplinary care coordination in emergency diagnostic imaging: a research agenda.
Acad Emerg Med 2015 Dec;22(12):1427-34. doi: 10.1111/acem.12826.
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Keywords: Communication, Emergency Department, Health Services Research (HSR), Imaging, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Hahn EA, Burns JL, Jacobs EA
Health literacy and patient-reported outcomes: a cross-sectional study of underserved English- and Spanish-speaking patients with type 2 diabetes.
The investigators examined associations between patient characteristics, health behaviors, and health outcomes and explored the role of health literacy as a potential mediator of outcomes. They found that health literacy was not associated with diabetes self-care, health status, or satisfaction with communication, and it did not mediate the effects of other factors on these outcomes. Diabetes self-efficacy was significantly associated with health behaviors and outcomes. The association between Spanish language preference and poorer health was not mediated by this group's lower health literacy.
AHRQ-funded; HS019335.
Citation: Hahn EA, Burns JL, Jacobs EA .
Health literacy and patient-reported outcomes: a cross-sectional study of underserved English- and Spanish-speaking patients with type 2 diabetes.
J Health Commun 2015;20 Suppl 2:4-15. doi: 10.1080/10810730.2015.1061071.
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Keywords: Communication, Diabetes, Health Literacy, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Morgans AK, Schapira L
Confronting therapeutic failure: a conversation guide.
The authors review the classic six-step SPIKES (setting, perception, invitation for information, knowledge, empathy, summarize and strategize) protocol for giving bad news that has been widely adopted since it was first published in this journal in 2005. They also offer practical tips derived from a thorough review of the evidence and our clinical experience.
AHRQ-funded; HS022990.
Citation: Morgans AK, Schapira L .
Confronting therapeutic failure: a conversation guide.
Oncologist 2015 Aug;20(8):946-51. doi: 10.1634/theoncologist.2015-0050..
Keywords: Cancer, Clinician-Patient Communication, Communication, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Borden WB, Chiang YP, Kronick R
AHRQ Author: Kronick, R
Bringing patient-centered outcomes research to life.
Achieving better health outcomes requires both the generation of new patient-centered outcomes research (PCOR) knowledge and the appropriate and timely dissemination of that knowledge into practice. This article highlights the work AHRQ has done, is doing, and will do to improve the uptake of PCOR findings.
AHRQ-authored
Citation: Borden WB, Chiang YP, Kronick R .
Bringing patient-centered outcomes research to life.
Value Health. 2015 Jun;18(4):355-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jval.2015.01.010..
Keywords: Communication, Evidence-Based Practice, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Implementation
Brody H, Croisant SA, Crowder JW
Ethical issues in patient-centered outcomes research and comparative effectiveness research: a pilot study of community dialogue.
Community bioethics dialogues were held on the topic of patient-centered outcomes research (PCOR) and comparative effectiveness research (CER). Participants were 65 and older and represented either a lower income, African American group or a higher income White group. The groups showed both independence in judgment from the investigators and diversity of opinion between the two groups.
AHRQ-funded; HS022134.
Citation: Brody H, Croisant SA, Crowder JW .
Ethical issues in patient-centered outcomes research and comparative effectiveness research: a pilot study of community dialogue.
J Empir Res Hum Res Ethics 2015 Feb;10(1):22-30. doi: 10.1177/1556264614568426..
Keywords: Communication, Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Social Determinants of Health
Arcia A, Velez M, Bakken S
Style guide: An interdisciplinary communication tool to support the process of generating tailored infographics from electronic health data using EnTICE3.
In this case study the authors describe key features of the structured communication tool—a style guide—used to support interdisciplinary collaboration. They propose the use of such a tool for research teams engaged in similar projects. They employ tailored infographics to present patient reported outcome data from a community health survey, in a comprehensible and actionable manner, to the individuals who provided it.
AHRQ-funded; HS019853; HS022961.
Citation: Arcia A, Velez M, Bakken S .
Style guide: An interdisciplinary communication tool to support the process of generating tailored infographics from electronic health data using EnTICE3.
eGEMS 2015 Jan 26;3(1):1120. doi: 10.13063/2327-9214.1120..
Keywords: Communication, Comparative Effectiveness, Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Wilcox L, Patel R, Back A
Patient-clinician communication: the roadmap for HCI.
The authors discussed their view of a workshop, envisioning opening up a dialogue among researchers and clinicians who wish to discuss directions for future research and focusing on exploring how technologies available today, as well as projected for the future, can support the communication needs of clinicians and patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS021393.
Citation: Wilcox L, Patel R, Back A .
Patient-clinician communication: the roadmap for HCI.
Ext Abstr Hum Factors Computing Syst 2013 Apr 27;2013:3291-94. doi: 10.1145/2468356.2479669.
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Keywords: Communication, Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Clinician-Patient Communication