National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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Search All Research Studies
Topics
- Brain Injury (2)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 13 of 13 Research Studies DisplayedMarin JR, Rodean J, Mannix RC
Association of clinical guidelines and decision support with CT use in pediatric mild traumatic brain injury.
The objective of this study was to examine whether the presence of clinical guidelines and clinical decision support (CDS) for mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) were associated with lower head computed tomography (CT) use. The investigators concluded that clinical guidelines for mTBI, and particularly CDS, were associated with lower rates of head CT use without adverse clinical outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS026006.
Citation: Marin JR, Rodean J, Mannix RC .
Association of clinical guidelines and decision support with CT use in pediatric mild traumatic brain injury.
J Pediatr 2021 Aug;235:178-83.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.04.026..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Clinical Decision Support (CDS), Decision Making, Health Information Technology (HIT), Brain Injury, Guidelines, Evidence-Based Practice, Imaging
Meza R, Jeon J, Toumazis I
Evaluation of the benefits and harms of lung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography: modeling study for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
The purpose of this study was to inform the USPSTF guidelines by estimating the benefits and harms associated with various low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening strategies. Microsimulation modeling studies suggested that LDCT screening for lung cancer compared with no screening may increase lung cancer deaths averted and life-years gained when optimally targeted and implemented. Screening individuals at aged 50 or 55 years through aged 80 years with 20 pack-years or more of smoking exposure was estimated to result in more benefits than the 2013 USPSTF-recommended criteria and less disparity in screening eligibility by sex and race/ethnicity.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500011I.
Citation: Meza R, Jeon J, Toumazis I .
Evaluation of the benefits and harms of lung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography: modeling study for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2021 Mar 9;325(10):988-97. doi: 10.1001/jama.2021.1077..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Cancer: Lung Cancer, Cancer, Imaging, Screening, Prevention, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines
Chen DW, Reyes-Gastelum D, Radhakrishnan A
Physician-reported misuse of thyroid ultrasonography.
The authors explored physician-reported use of thyroid ultrasonography. They found that a substantial number of physicians endorsed the use of ultrasonography for reasons not supported by clinical guidelines and in conflict with the Choosing Wisely recommendations. They concluded that their study highlights the need for focused physician education on clinically supported and unsupported indications for use of thyroid ultrasonography, with potential roles for future clinical practice guidelines, patient decision-making aids, and clinical decision-making support tools.
AHRQ-funded; HS024512.
Citation: Chen DW, Reyes-Gastelum D, Radhakrishnan A .
Physician-reported misuse of thyroid ultrasonography.
JAMA Surg 2020 Oct;155(10):984-86. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2020.2507..
Keywords: Imaging, Decision Making, Guidelines, Evidence-Based Practice
Armstrong MJ, Gronseth GS, Day GS
Patient stakeholder versus physician preferences regarding amyloid PET testing.
Patient and caregiver perspectives on amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) use are largely unexplored, particularly as compared with clinician views. In this study, the investigators surveyed clinicians, patients, caregivers, and dementia advocates on topics relating to an evidence-based guideline on amyloid PET use. They found that patients and caregivers emphasized the importance of having a dementia diagnosis and placed more value on testing and outcomes for asymptomatic populations than clinicians.
AHRQ-funded; HS024159.
Citation: Armstrong MJ, Gronseth GS, Day GS .
Patient stakeholder versus physician preferences regarding amyloid PET testing.
Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2019 Jul-Sep;33(3):246-53. doi: 10.1097/wad.0000000000000311..
Keywords: Decision Making, Dementia, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Imaging, Neurological Disorders, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Provider, Provider: Physician
Crawford ED, Koo PJ, Shore N
A clinician's guide to next generation imaging in patients with advanced prostate cancer (RADAR III).
This paper reports on the convening of the Radiographic Assessments for Detection of Advanced Recurrence (RADAR III) Group to offer guidance on the use of next generation imaging to stage prostate cancer based on available data and clinical experience. The RADAR III Group recommends next generation imaging techniques in select patients in whom disease progression is suspected based on biomarker values, comorbidities and symptoms.
AHRQ-funded.
Citation: Crawford ED, Koo PJ, Shore N .
A clinician's guide to next generation imaging in patients with advanced prostate cancer (RADAR III).
J Urol 2019 Apr;201(4):682-92. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2018.05.164..
Keywords: Men's Health, Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Cancer, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Imaging, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines
Koziatek CA, Simon E, Horwitz LI
Automated pulmonary embolism risk classification and guideline adherence for computed tomography pulmonary angiography ordering.
The objective of this study was to measure the performance of automated, structured data-only versions of the Wells and revised Geneva risk scores in emergency department encounters during which a computed tomography pulmonary angiography was ordered. The hypothesis was that such an automated method would classify a patient's pulmonary embolism risk with high accuracy compared to manual chart review.
AHRQ-funded; HS024376.
Citation: Koziatek CA, Simon E, Horwitz LI .
Automated pulmonary embolism risk classification and guideline adherence for computed tomography pulmonary angiography ordering.
Acad Emerg Med 2018 Sep;25(9):1053-61. doi: 10.1111/acem.13442..
Keywords: Respiratory Conditions, Risk, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Emergency Department, Imaging, Guidelines
Sharp AL, Huang BZ, Tang T
Implementation of the Canadian CT Head Rule and Its association with use of computed tomography among patients with head injury.
The researchers evaluated the association of implementation of the Canadian CT Head Rule on head computed tomography (CT) imaging in community emergency departments (EDs). They found that a multicomponent implementation of the Canadian CT Head Rule was associated with a modest reduction in CT use and an increased diagnostic yield of head CTs for adult trauma encounters in community EDs.
AHRQ-funded; HS021271.
Citation: Sharp AL, Huang BZ, Tang T .
Implementation of the Canadian CT Head Rule and Its association with use of computed tomography among patients with head injury.
Ann Emerg Med 2018 Jan;71(1):54-63.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2017.06.022.
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Keywords: Brain Injury, Clinical Decision Support (CDS), Decision Making, Emergency Department, Guidelines, Healthcare Utilization, Imaging
Ladapo JA, Blecker S, O'Donnell M
Appropriate use of cardiac stress testing with imaging: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
The authors systematically reviewed studies of appropriate use criteria (AUC), evaluated trends over time, and characterized leading indications for inappropriate testing. They found that rates of appropriate use tend to be lower for stress echocardiography compared to myocardial perfusion imaging, and updated AUC reduced unclassified stress echocardiograms. They concluded that there is no conclusive evidence that AUC improved appropriate use over time.
AHRQ-funded; HS023683.
Citation: Ladapo JA, Blecker S, O'Donnell M .
Appropriate use of cardiac stress testing with imaging: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
PLoS One 2016 Aug 18;11(8):e0161153. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161153.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Decision Making, Imaging, Guidelines
Probst MA, Dayan PS, Raja AS
Knowledge translation and barriers to imaging optimization in the emergency department: a research agenda.
This article outlines a research agenda to promote the dissemination and implementation (also known as knowledge translation) of evidence-based interventions for emergency department (ED) imaging, i.e., clinical pathways, clinical decision instruments, and clinical practice guidelines. A multidisciplinary group of stakeholders held online and telephone discussions over a 6-month period culminating at the 2015 Academic Emergency Medicine consensus conference. They were able to identify four overarching research questions.
AHRQ-funded; HS023498.
Citation: Probst MA, Dayan PS, Raja AS .
Knowledge translation and barriers to imaging optimization in the emergency department: a research agenda.
Acad Emerg Med 2015 Dec;22(12):1455-64. doi: 10.1111/acem.12830.
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Keywords: Emergency Department, Evidence-Based Practice, Health Services Research (HSR), Guidelines, Imaging, Implementation
Callaghan BC, Kerber KA, Pace RJ
Headache neuroimaging: routine testing when guidelines recommend against them.
The aim of this article was to determine the patient-level factors associated with headache neuroimaging in outpatient practice. It concluded that neuroimaging is routinely ordered in outpatient headache patients including populations where guidelines specifically recommend against their use (migraines, chronic headaches, no red flags).
AHRQ-funded; HS017690.
Citation: Callaghan BC, Kerber KA, Pace RJ .
Headache neuroimaging: routine testing when guidelines recommend against them.
Cephalalgia 2015 Nov;35(13):1144-52. doi: 10.1177/0333102415572918.
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Keywords: Neurological Disorders, Imaging, Decision Making, Guidelines, Diagnostic Safety and Quality
Smith-Bindman R, Moghadassi M, Griffey RT
Computed tomography radiation dose in patients with suspected urolithiasis.
The researchers determined the radiation doses of CT scans for suspected urolithiasis in the emergency department setting. They found that less than 8 percent of patients received appropriately low-dose CT for suspected urolithiasis. Furthermore, they found a 200-fold variation in dose between patients and a 5-fold variation in median dose across hospitals.
AHRQ-funded; HS019312.
Citation: Smith-Bindman R, Moghadassi M, Griffey RT .
Computed tomography radiation dose in patients with suspected urolithiasis.
JAMA Intern Med 2015 Aug;175(8):1413-6. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.2697..
Keywords: Emergency Department, Guidelines, Imaging, Emergency Medical Services (EMS)
Lacson R, Prevedello LM, Andriole KP
Four-year impact of an alert notification system on closed-loop communication of critical test results.
The authors evaluated the impact of an alert notification system on policy adherence for communicating critical imaging test results to referring providers and assessed system adoption over the first 4 years after implementation. They concluded that an automated alert notification system for communicating critical imaging results was successfully adopted and was associated with increased adherence to institutional policy for communicating critical test results and with reduced workflow interruptions.
AHRQ-funded; HS019635.
Citation: Lacson R, Prevedello LM, Andriole KP .
Four-year impact of an alert notification system on closed-loop communication of critical test results.
AJR Am J Roentgenol 2014 Nov;203(5):933-8. doi: 10.2214/ajr.14.13064.
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Keywords: Communication, Decision Making, Guidelines, Health Information Technology (HIT), Imaging
Merdan S, Womble PR, Miller DC
Toward better use of bone scans among men with early-stage prostate cancer.
This study evaluated the performance of published guidelines compared with that of current practice for radiographic staging of men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer. It found that, based on current practice patterns, more uniform application of existing guidelines would ensure that bone scans are performed for almost all men with bone metastases, while avoiding many negative imaging studies.
AHRQ-funded; HS018346
Citation: Merdan S, Womble PR, Miller DC .
Toward better use of bone scans among men with early-stage prostate cancer.
Urology. 2014 Oct;84(4):793-8. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2014.06.010..
Keywords: Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Guidelines, Imaging