National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
7801 to 7825 of 12210 Research Studies DisplayedRhoten BA
Conceptual issues surrounding body image for oncology nurses.
This paper discusses conceptual issues surrounding cancer survivors’ body image. It targets oncology nurses so they may have a better understanding of the historic overview of body image conceptualization, as well as a more contemporary, cancer-specific approach to understanding how this population of patients may be particularly affected.
AHRQ-funded; HS022990.
Citation: Rhoten BA .
Conceptual issues surrounding body image for oncology nurses.
Oncol Nurs Forum 2017 Sep 1;44(5):534-36. doi: 10.1188/17.onf.534-536..
Keywords: Cancer, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Provider, Quality of Life
Yasui M, Pottick KJ, Chen Y
Conceptualizing culturally infused engagement and its measurement for ethnic minority and immigrant children and families.
The authors systematically reviewed 119 existing instruments that measure the multi-dimensional and developmental process of engagement for ethnic minority and immigrant children and families. Its findings highlight the variety of tools that are used to measure behavioral and attitudinal dimensions of engagement, showing the limitations of their application for ethnic minority and immigrant children and families.
AHRQ-funded; HS023007.
Citation: Yasui M, Pottick KJ, Chen Y .
Conceptualizing culturally infused engagement and its measurement for ethnic minority and immigrant children and families.
Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev 2017 Sep;20(3):250-332. doi: 10.1007/s10567-017-0229-2.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Cultural Competence, Behavioral Health, Patient and Family Engagement, Patient-Centered Healthcare
Fowler AC, Grabowski DC, Gambrel RJ
Corporate investors increased common ownership in hospitals and the postacute care and hospice sectors.
The researchers used data from the Provider Enrollment, Chain, and Ownership System of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services to identify common investor ownership linkages across the acute care, postacute care, and hospice sectors within the same geographic markets. To our knowledge, this study provides the first description of common investor ownership trends in these sectors.
AHRQ-funded; HS024072.
Citation: Fowler AC, Grabowski DC, Gambrel RJ .
Corporate investors increased common ownership in hospitals and the postacute care and hospice sectors.
Health Aff 2017 Sep;36(9):1547-55. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2017.0591.
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Keywords: Hospitals, Health Systems
Nothelle SK, Sharma R, Oakes AH
Determinants of potentially inappropriate medication use in long-term and acute care settings: a systematic review.
The authors searched for studies conducted in the United States that described determinants of Potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) use in adults >/=60 years of age in a nursing home or residential care facility, in the emergency department (ED), or in the hospital. They concluded that among older adults, those who are on many medications are at increased risk for PIM use across multiple settings.
AHRQ-funded; HS000029.
Citation: Nothelle SK, Sharma R, Oakes AH .
Determinants of potentially inappropriate medication use in long-term and acute care settings: a systematic review.
J Am Med Dir Assoc 2017 Sep;18(9):806.e1-06.e17. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2017.06.005.
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Keywords: Medication, Medication: Safety, Long-Term Care, Critical Care, Elderly
Shaughnessy AF, Vaswani A, Andrews BK
Developing a clinician friendly tool to identify useful clinical practice guidelines: G-TRUST.
The goal of this project was to develop a simple, easy-to-use checklist for clinicians to use to identify trustworthy, relevant, and useful practice guidelines, the Guideline Trustworthiness, Relevance, and Utility Scoring Tool (G-TRUST). They concluded that the 8-item G-TRUST developed by the project is potentially helpful as a tool for clinicians to identify useful guidelines.
AHRQ-funded; HS022940.
Citation: Shaughnessy AF, Vaswani A, Andrews BK .
Developing a clinician friendly tool to identify useful clinical practice guidelines: G-TRUST.
Ann Fam Med 2017 Sep;15(5):413-18. doi: 10.1370/afm.2119.
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Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Quality of Care, Patient-Centered Healthcare
Waljee JF, Dimick JB
Do patient-reported outcomes correlate with clinical outcomes following surgery?
This study examines whether patient-reported outcomes (PROs) correlate with clinical outcomes following surgery. PROs are distinct from clinical outcomes and represent a potential indicator of performance that can be targeted to improve quality of care. Future studies that examine the influence of measurement techniques, case mix, and disease characteristics on PROs will inform efforts to routinely and efficiently integrate these critical outcomes into existing strategies to capture treatment effectiveness and quality of care for surgical conditions.
AHRQ-funded; HS023313.
Citation: Waljee JF, Dimick JB .
Do patient-reported outcomes correlate with clinical outcomes following surgery?
Adv Surg 2017 Sep;51(1):141-50. doi: 10.1016/j.yasu.2017.03.011..
Keywords: Quality of Care, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Surgery, Patient Experience, Quality Measures
Shih YT, Shen C, Hu JC
Do robotic surgical systems improve profit margins? A cross-sectional analysis of California hospitals.
The aim of this study was to examine the association between ownership of robotic surgical systems and hospital profit margins. Hospitals with robotic surgical systems tended to report more favorable profit margins. However, multilevel logistic regression showed that this relationship (an association, not causality) became only marginally significant after controlling for other hospital characteristics.
AHRQ-funded; HS020263; HS024608.
Citation: Shih YT, Shen C, Hu JC .
Do robotic surgical systems improve profit margins? A cross-sectional analysis of California hospitals.
Value Health 2017 Sep;20(8):1221-25. doi: 10.1016/j.jval.2017.05.010.
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Keywords: Healthcare Costs, Hospitals, Surgery
Ing C, Hegarty MK, Perkins JW
Duration of general anaesthetic exposure in early childhood and long-term language and cognitive ability.
A study was done of children age 10 years who had volatile anaesthetic (VA) exposure sometime during their early childhood. Researchers were trying to determine if the duration of exposure affected long-term language and cognitive ability. Data was obtained from the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study. The cohort was divided by duration of total VA exposure before age three years. They concluded that children exposed to less than 35 minutes VA did not differ from unexposed children, but there were lower language scores in children who had experienced greater than 35 minutes.
AHRQ-funded; HS022941.
Citation: Ing C, Hegarty MK, Perkins JW .
Duration of general anaesthetic exposure in early childhood and long-term language and cognitive ability.
Br J Anaesth 2017 Sep 1;119(3):532-40. doi: 10.1093/bja/aew413..
Keywords: Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Children/Adolescents, Medication, Neurological Disorders, Patient Safety
Jubelt LE, Goldfeld KS, Blecker SB
Early lessons on bundled payment at an academic medical center.
This study was a difference-in-differences study of Medicare fee-for-service patients hospitalized from April 2011 to June 2012 and October 2013 to December 2014 for lower extremity joint arthroplasty, cardiac valve procedures, or spine surgery. It examined total episode costs and costs by service category. It concluded that opportunities for savings under bundled payment may be greater for lower extremity joint arthroplasty than for other conditions.
AHRQ-funded; HS023683.
Citation: Jubelt LE, Goldfeld KS, Blecker SB .
Early lessons on bundled payment at an academic medical center.
J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2017 Sep;25(9):654-63. doi: 10.5435/jaaos-d-16-00626.
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Keywords: Healthcare Costs, Payment, Medicare
Jackson SS, Leekha S, Magder LS
Electronically available comorbidities should be used in surgical site infection risk adjustment.
A multicenter retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing surgical procedures at 28 US hospitals was performed. The authors developed a well-performing risk adjustment model for surgical site infections (SSI) using electronically available comorbidities. Healthcare-associated infections, such as SSIs, are used by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) as pay-for-performance metrics. The authors recommended that comorbidity-based risk adjustment should be strongly considered by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and CMS to adequately compare SSI rates across hospitals.
AHRQ-funded; HS022291.
Citation: Jackson SS, Leekha S, Magder LS .
Electronically available comorbidities should be used in surgical site infection risk adjustment.
Clin Infect Dis 2017 Sep 1;65(5):803-10. doi: 10.1093/cid/cix431..
Keywords: Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Surgery, Patient Safety, Risk, Injuries and Wounds, Adverse Events
Wasserman S, Avilla E, Ben-Shoshan M
Epinephrine autoinjectors: new data, new problems.
This paper reviews new data, and new problems in recently published literature on epinephrine autoinjectors. The authors emphasize that existing gaps in anaphylaxis management remain unaddressed. Patient needs are largely unmet, and very few studies are being designed to clarify and instill best practice, and to determine how to increase adherence to existing anaphylaxis guidelines through integrated knowledge translation strategies.
AHRQ-funded; HS024599.
Citation: Wasserman S, Avilla E, Ben-Shoshan M .
Epinephrine autoinjectors: new data, new problems.
J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2017 Sep - Oct;5(5):1180-91. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2017.06.027.
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Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Medication, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Patient Self-Management
Cook SC, Gunter KE, Lopez FY
Establishing effective health care partnerships with sexual and gender minority patients: recommendations for obstetrician gynecologists.
Sexual and gender minority patients have historically experienced high rates of inappropriate and low-quality care, disrespect, and discrimination in health care settings, as well as significant health disparities. This article documented multiple suggestions and resources that health care teams can use to improve the health and health care of their sexual and gender minority patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS023050.
Citation: Cook SC, Gunter KE, Lopez FY .
Establishing effective health care partnerships with sexual and gender minority patients: recommendations for obstetrician gynecologists.
Semin Reprod Med 2017 Sep;35(5):397-407. doi: 10.1055/s-0037-1604464..
Keywords: Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Clinician-Patient Communication, Women
Herbert MS, Goodin BR, Bulls HW
Ethnicity, cortisol, and experimental pain responses among persons with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis.
This study aimed to examine the relationship between cortisol and pain responses during a cold-pressor task (CPT) among African American (AA) and non-Hispanic White (NHW) adults with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Consistent with previous findings in young healthy adults, cold-pressor pain responses are related to pre-CPT cortisol concentrations in NHW persons with knee OA but not in their AA counterparts.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Herbert MS, Goodin BR, Bulls HW .
Ethnicity, cortisol, and experimental pain responses among persons with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis.
Clin J Pain 2017 Sep;33(9):820-26. doi: 10.1097/ajp.0000000000000462.
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Keywords: Arthritis, Pain, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Treatments
Squires A
Evidence-based approaches to breaking down language barriers.
This article provides background information about language barriers between nurses and patients and some strategies for addressing these gaps. After detailing how these barriers affect patient outcomes, practice-based strategies are offered to improve outcomes and reduce readmissions. Although the article doesn’t address barriers to communicating with patients with hearing loss, many of the same principles apply to these patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS023593.
Citation: Squires A .
Evidence-based approaches to breaking down language barriers.
Nursing 2017 Sep;47(9):34-40. doi: 10.1097/01.NURSE.0000522002.60278.ca.
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Keywords: Communication, Cultural Competence, Evidence-Based Practice, Nursing, Clinician-Patient Communication
Fosnacht AM, Patel S, Yucus C
From brain disease to brain health: primary prevention of Alzheimer's disease and related disorders in a health system using an electronic medical record-based approach.
This study aimed to primarily prevent Alzheimer's disease and related disorders through electronic medical record (EMR)-based screening, risk assessments, interventions, and surveillance. The investigators are translating research into primary prevention of Alzheimer's disease and related disorders in their health system and aim to shift the paradigm in Neurology from brain disease to brain health.
AHRQ-funded; HS024057.
Citation: Fosnacht AM, Patel S, Yucus C .
From brain disease to brain health: primary prevention of Alzheimer's disease and related disorders in a health system using an electronic medical record-based approach.
J Prev Alzheimers Dis 2017;4(3):157-64. doi: 10.14283/jpad.2017.3..
Keywords: Dementia, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Neurological Disorders, Prevention
Bachmann JM, Klint ZW, Jagoda AM
Group enrollment and open gym format decreases cardiac rehabilitation wait times.
Researchers hypothesized that changing from individually scheduled appointments to a group enrollment and open gym format, in which patients were enrolled during group intake sessions and could arrive for subsequent cardiac rehabilitation (CR) sessions any time during open gym periods, would decrease wait times. They found that implementation of a group enrollment and open gym format was associated with a significant decrease in wait times for first CR sessions.
AHRQ-funded; HS022990.
Citation: Bachmann JM, Klint ZW, Jagoda AM .
Group enrollment and open gym format decreases cardiac rehabilitation wait times.
J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev 2017 Sep;37(5):322-28. doi: 10.1097/hcr.0000000000000255.
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Keywords: Rehabilitation, Cardiovascular Conditions, Healthcare Delivery
Attanasio L, Kozhimannil KB
Health care engagement and follow-up after perceived discrimination in maternity care.
The authors sought to determine if perceived discrimination during the birth hospitalization is associated with postpartum follow-up care. Using data from the Listening to Mothers III survey, they found that women who experienced perceived discrimination (race/ethnicity, insurance type, difference of opinion with provider about care) had more than twice the odds of postpartum visit nonattendance, after adjusting for socioeconomic and medical characteristics.
AHRQ-funded; HS024215.
Citation: Attanasio L, Kozhimannil KB .
Health care engagement and follow-up after perceived discrimination in maternity care.
Med Care 2017 Sep;55(9):830-33. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000773.
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Keywords: Access to Care, Maternal Care, Patient Experience, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Social Determinants of Health
Balaban RB, Zhang F, Vialle-Valentin CE
Impact of a patient navigator program on hospital-based and outpatient utilization over 180 days in a safety-net health system.
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of a care transition program using patient navigators (PNs) on health service utilization among high-risk safety-net patients over a 180-day period. The investigators concluded that a PN program serving high-risk safety-net patients differentially impacted patients based on age, and among younger patients, outcomes varied over time. The investigators suggest that their findings highlight the importance for future research to evaluate care transition programs among different subpopulations and over longer time peri
AHRQ-funded; HS020628.
Citation: Balaban RB, Zhang F, Vialle-Valentin CE .
Impact of a patient navigator program on hospital-based and outpatient utilization over 180 days in a safety-net health system.
J Gen Intern Med 2017 Sep;32(9):981-89. doi: 10.1007/s11606-017-4074-2..
Keywords: Care Management, Healthcare Delivery, Healthcare Utilization, Hospital Readmissions, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Transitions of Care
Chui MA, Stone JA, Holden RJ
Improving over-the-counter medication safety for older adults: a study protocol for a demonstration and dissemination study.
This study proposes to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention for preventing misuse of high-risk OTC medications by older adults; and to evaluate the implementation of the intervention in community pharmacies. The primary outcome will be a comparison of proportion of older adults who misuse OTC medication from baseline to post-intervention.
AHRQ-funded; HS024490.
Citation: Chui MA, Stone JA, Holden RJ .
Improving over-the-counter medication safety for older adults: a study protocol for a demonstration and dissemination study.
Res Social Adm Pharm 2017 Sep - Oct;13(5):930-37. doi: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2016.11.006.
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Keywords: Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Elderly, Medication: Safety, Medication, Provider: Pharmacist
Saiman L, Maykowski P, Murray M
Incidence, risks, and types of infections in pediatric long-term care facilities.
The researchers described the types of infections diagnosed in residents of pediatric long-term care facilities, calculate infection rates, and identified risk factors for respiratory tract infections (RTIs). RTIs were the most common infections diagnosed, but modifiable risk factors for RTIs were not identified. Also included in the study were skin and soft-tissue infections; chronic comorbid conditions, including neurologic and respiratory disorders; and device use.
AHRQ-funded; HS021470.
Citation: Saiman L, Maykowski P, Murray M .
Incidence, risks, and types of infections in pediatric long-term care facilities.
JAMA Pediatr 2017 Sep;171(9):872-78. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2017.1482.
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Keywords: Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Long-Term Care, Patient Safety, Children/Adolescents, Risk
Wey A, Salkowski N, Kasiske BL
Influence of kidney offer acceptance behavior on metrics of allocation efficiency.
This study investigated associations of deceased donor kidney offer acceptance with likelihood of the kidney being discarded, cold ischemia time at transplant (CIT), and likelihood of the kidney being exported outside the donation service area (DSA). The authors suggest that improving lower-than-expected offer acceptance would likely reduce discards, CIT, and exports.
AHRQ-funded; HS024527.
Citation: Wey A, Salkowski N, Kasiske BL .
Influence of kidney offer acceptance behavior on metrics of allocation efficiency.
Clin Transplant 2017 Sep;31(9). doi: 10.1111/ctr.13057..
Keywords: Health Services Research (HSR), Registries, Transplantation
Feuille E, Menon NR, Huang F
Knowledge of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome among general pediatricians.
In this study, investigators examined knowledge of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome among general pediatricians. They created a 32-question survey, collecting information regarding participants’ experience with FPIES and knowledge of FPIES diagnosis and management. Investigators found that many pediatricians had a basic but incomplete understanding of FPIES diagnosis and initial management.
AHRQ-funded; HS024599.
Citation: Feuille E, Menon NR, Huang F .
Knowledge of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome among general pediatricians.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2017 Sep;119(3):291-92.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2017.07.001..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Digestive Disease and Health, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Nutrition, Provider, Provider: Clinician, Provider: Physician
Hudson JL, Moriya AS
AHRQ Author: Hudson JL, Moriya AS
Medicaid expansion for adults had measurable 'welcome mat' effects on their children.
This study used data from the 2013-15 American Community Survey to provide the first national-level (analytical) estimates of welcome-mat effects on children's coverage post Affordable Care Act (ACA). It estimated that 710,000 low-income children gained coverage through these effects. The study was also the first to show a link between parents' eligibility for Medicaid and welcome-mat effects for their children under the ACA.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Hudson JL, Moriya AS .
Medicaid expansion for adults had measurable 'welcome mat' effects on their children.
Health Aff 2017 Sep;36(9):1643-51. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2017.0347.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Health Insurance, Policy, Low-Income
Ratanawongsa N, Matta GY, Lyles CR
Multitasking and silent electronic health record use in ambulatory visits.
The researchers studied time allocation and transitions into and out of silent electronic health record (EHR) use in clinics after EHR implementation. Silent EHR use (n = 193 instances) occurred while clinicians viewed (39.4 percent) or entered (24.4 percent) information, prescribed (13.5 percent), reconciled medications (8.3 percent), arranged appointments (5.2 percent), ordered tests or referrals (5.2 percent),and sought or typed patient education (3.1 percent).
AHRQ-funded; HS022408; HS023558; HS022561.
Citation: Ratanawongsa N, Matta GY, Lyles CR .
Multitasking and silent electronic health record use in ambulatory visits.
JAMA Intern Med 2017 Sep;177(9):1382-85. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.2668.
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Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Ambulatory Care and Surgery, Health Information Technology (HIT)
Soban LM, Kim L, Yuan AH
Organisational strategies to implement hospital pressure ulcer prevention programmes: findings from a national survey.
The researchers describe the presence and operationalisation of organisational strategies to support implementation of pressure ulcer prevention programmes across acute care hospitals in a large, integrated health-care system. Organisational strategies that support implementation of a pressure ulcer prevention programme (policy, committee, staff education, wound care specialists, and use of performance data) were reported at high level.
AHRQ-funded; HS000046.
Citation: Soban LM, Kim L, Yuan AH .
Organisational strategies to implement hospital pressure ulcer prevention programmes: findings from a national survey.
J Nurs Manag 2017 Sep;25(6):457-67. doi: 10.1111/jonm.12416.
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Keywords: Pressure Ulcers, Prevention, Hospitals, Patient Safety, Implementation, Organizational Change