National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
10601 to 10625 of 12214 Research Studies DisplayedDalal AK, Pesterev BM, Eibensteiner K
Linking acknowledgement to action: closing the loop on non-urgent, clinically significant test results in the electronic health record.
This study measured use of an acknowledgment tool by 146 primary care physicians (PCPs) at 13 network-affiliated practices that use the same EHR. It then surveyed PCPs to assess use of, satisfaction with, and desired enhancements to the acknowledgment tool. Most (64 percent) were satisfied with the tool. Both satisfied and nonsatisfied PCPs reported that enhancements linking acknowledgment to routine actions would be useful.
AHRQ-funded; HS019603.
Citation: Dalal AK, Pesterev BM, Eibensteiner K .
Linking acknowledgement to action: closing the loop on non-urgent, clinically significant test results in the electronic health record.
J Am Med Inform Assoc 2015 Jul;22(4):905-8. doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocv007..
Keywords: Patient Safety, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Primary Care, Health Information Technology (HIT)
Tung EL, Peek ME
Linking community resources in diabetes care: a role for technology?
This paper highlights several noteworthy innovations, which can enable physicians, health workers, researchers, community developers, and health departments to begin envisioning, designing, and implementing their own strategies to mobilize assets and improve health.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078.
Citation: Tung EL, Peek ME .
Linking community resources in diabetes care: a role for technology?
Curr Diab Rep 2015 Jul;15(7):45. doi: 10.1007/s11892-015-0614-5..
Keywords: Diabetes, Primary Care, Community-Based Practice, Chronic Conditions
Gerhard T, Devanand DP, Huang C
Lithium treatment and risk for dementia in adults with bipolar disorder: population-based cohort study.
This study examined the association of lithium and dementia risk in a large claims-based US cohort of publicly insured older adults with bipolar disorder. It found that compared with non-use, 301–365 days of lithium exposure was associated with significantly reduced dementia risk. No corresponding association was observed for shorter lithium exposures.
AHRQ-funded; HS021112.
Citation: Gerhard T, Devanand DP, Huang C .
Lithium treatment and risk for dementia in adults with bipolar disorder: population-based cohort study.
Br J Psychiatry 2015 Jul;207(1):46-51. doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.114.154047..
Keywords: Dementia, Risk, Behavioral Health, Medication
Carey K
Measuring the hospital length of stay/readmission cost trade-off under a bundled payment mechanism.
This paper investigates the relationship between length of stay and readmission within 30 days of discharge from an acute care hospitalization. It found that the cost of an additional day of stay was offset by expected cost savings from an avoided readmission in the range of 15 to 65 percent.
AHRQ-funded; HS020995.
Citation: Carey K .
Measuring the hospital length of stay/readmission cost trade-off under a bundled payment mechanism.
Health Econ 2015 Jul;24(7):790-802. doi: 10.1002/hec.3061..
Keywords: Hospital Readmissions, Hospitalization, Elderly, Hospital Discharge, Medicare
Bachhuber MA, McGinty EE, Kennedy-Hendricks A
Messaging to increase public support for naloxone distribution policies in the United States: results from a randomized survey experiment.
The investigators conducted a web-based survey (GfK Knowledge Panel) about barriers to public support for naloxone distribution. They concluded that public support for naloxone distribution can be improved through education and sympathetic portrayals of the population who stands to benefit from these policies.
AHRQ-funded; HS000029.
Citation: Bachhuber MA, McGinty EE, Kennedy-Hendricks A .
Messaging to increase public support for naloxone distribution policies in the United States: results from a randomized survey experiment.
PLoS One 2015 Jul;10(7):e0130050. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130050.
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Keywords: Medication, Opioids, Policy, Substance Abuse
Fontaine P, Whitebird R, Solberg LI
Minnesota's early experience with medical home implementation: viewpoints from the front lines.
This study aimed to identify the facilitators and barriers encountered by nine diverse primary care practices selected from the first 80 to achieve patient-centered medical home (PCMH) certification in Minnesota. It found that facilitators to achieve PCMH certification included a requirement for patient involvement, which pushed practices to create patient-centered innovations, and new reimbursement models based on quality indicators for a population.
AHRQ-funded; HS019161.
Citation: Fontaine P, Whitebird R, Solberg LI .
Minnesota's early experience with medical home implementation: viewpoints from the front lines.
J Gen Intern Med 2015 Jul;30(7):899-906. doi: 10.1007/s11606-014-3136-y..
Keywords: Patient-Centered Healthcare, Primary Care, Implementation, Organizational Change, Healthcare Delivery, Practice Improvement, Health Services Research (HSR)
Simonov M, Pittiruti M, Rickard CM
Navigating venous access: a guide for hospitalists.
The authors provided an in-depth summary of the relevant anatomical considerations, physical characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of venous access devices commonly used in the hospital setting in order to improve the safety and share the science of vascular access with frontline clinicians.
AHRQ-funded; HS022835.
Citation: Simonov M, Pittiruti M, Rickard CM .
Navigating venous access: a guide for hospitalists.
J Hosp Med 2015 Jul;10(7):471-8. doi: 10.1002/jhm.2335.
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Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Patient Safety
Rhee SM, Valle MF, Wilson LM
Negative pressure wound therapy technologies for chronic wound care in the home setting: a systematic review.
The researchers conducted a systematic review on the efficacy and safety of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) for the treatment of chronic wounds in the home setting. Data were limited by variability in the types of comparator groups, methodological limitations, and poor reporting of outcomes. The researchers were unable to draw conclusions about the efficacy or safety of NPWT for the treatment of chronic wounds in the home setting due to the insufficient evidence.
AHRQ-funded; 290201200007I.
Citation: Rhee SM, Valle MF, Wilson LM .
Negative pressure wound therapy technologies for chronic wound care in the home setting: a systematic review.
Wound Repair Regen 2015 Jul-Aug;23(4):506-17. doi: 10.1111/wrr.12295..
Keywords: Injuries and Wounds, Home Healthcare, Comparative Effectiveness, Treatments, Chronic Conditions
Patel MB, Wilson LD, Bregman JA
Neurologic functional and quality of life outcomes after TBI: clinic attendees versus non-attendees.
This study describes the relationship between TBI patient demographics, quality of life outcome, and functional status outcome among clinic attendees and non-attendees. All participants were telephone surveyed using the Extended-Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOSE), the Quality of Life after Brain Injury (QOLIBRI) scale, and a post-discharge therapy questionnaire. Risk factors for GOSE and QOLIBRI outcomes included age, injury characteristics, clinic attendance, insurance status, post-discharge rehabilitation, and time from injury.
AHRQ-funded; HS013833.
Citation: Patel MB, Wilson LD, Bregman JA .
Neurologic functional and quality of life outcomes after TBI: clinic attendees versus non-attendees.
J Neurotrauma 2015 Jul 1;32(13):984-9. doi: 10.1089/neu.2014.3652..
Keywords: Brain Injury, Registries, Outcomes
Irvin VL, Breen N, Meissner HI
AHRQ Author: Kaplan RM
Non-normal screening mammography results, lumpectomies, and breast cancer reported by California women, 2001-2009.
This study report trends in self-reported non-normal screening mammography results, lumpectomies, and breast cancer in California women. Between 2001 and 2009, the percent of California women who reported having been diagnosed with breast cancer was relatively stable. For each of the three age groups studied, the percentage of non-normal mammography results increased and the percentages of lumpectomies decreased.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Irvin VL, Breen N, Meissner HI .
Non-normal screening mammography results, lumpectomies, and breast cancer reported by California women, 2001-2009.
AHRQ-authored..
Keywords: Cancer: Breast Cancer, Cancer, Screening, Imaging, Women
Alexander GL
Nurse assistant communication strategies about pressure ulcers in nursing homes.
The author explored strategies nursing assistants use to communicate pressure ulcer prevention practices in nursing homes with variable information technology sophistication measures. Three major themes emerged: Passing on Information, Keeping Track of Needs, and Information Access.
AHRQ-funded; HS016862.
Citation: Alexander GL .
Nurse assistant communication strategies about pressure ulcers in nursing homes.
West J Nurs Res 2015 Jul;37(7):984-1004. doi: 10.1177/0193945914555201.
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Keywords: Communication, Health Information Technology (HIT), Nursing Homes, Pressure Ulcers, Prevention
Basco WT, Ebeling M, Garner SS
Opioid prescribing and potential overdose errors among children 0 to 36 months old.
This study estimated the frequency of potential overdoses among outpatient opioid-containing prescriptions. It found that, overall, 2.7 percent of the prescriptions contained potential overdose quantities, and the average excess amount dispensed was 48% above expected. Younger ages were associated with higher frequencies of potential overdose.
AHRQ-funded; HS015679.
Citation: Basco WT, Ebeling M, Garner SS .
Opioid prescribing and potential overdose errors among children 0 to 36 months old.
Clin Pediatr 2015 Jul;54(8):738-44. doi: 10.1177/0009922815586050..
Keywords: Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Children/Adolescents, Newborns/Infants, Medication, Medication: Safety, Newborns/Infants, Opioids, Patient Safety
Eckerle MD, Namde M, Holland CK
Opportunities for earlier HIV diagnosis in a pediatric ED.
The researchers sought to determine whether there were opportunities for earlier HIV diagnosis in the PED for a cohort of young adults diagnosed with HIV. They concluded that there are opportunities for earlier diagnosis of HIV in PEDs, affirming the importance of HIV screening implementation in these settings. However, PEDs are unlikely to have the same frequency of contact with undiagnosed individuals as do adult EDs.
AHRQ-funded; HS021749.
Citation: Eckerle MD, Namde M, Holland CK .
Opportunities for earlier HIV diagnosis in a pediatric ED.
Am J Emerg Med 2015 Jul;33(7):917-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2015.04.006..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Screening, Children/Adolescents, Emergency Medical Services (EMS)
Malecki K, Wisk LE, Walsh M
Oral health equity and unmet dental care needs in a population-based sample: findings from the Survey of the Health of Wisconsin.
The authors explored individual-, psychosocial-, and community-level predictors of oral health status in the Survey of the Health of Wisconsin Oral Health Screening project. Their results suggested that costs were a primary predictor of access to care and poor oral health status, underscoring the role that primary care, in conjunction with dental health care providers, could play in promoting oral health care, particularly in reducing barriers and promoting preventive health behaviors.
AHRQ-funded; HS000063.
Citation: Malecki K, Wisk LE, Walsh M .
Oral health equity and unmet dental care needs in a population-based sample: findings from the Survey of the Health of Wisconsin.
Am J Public Health 2015 Jul;105 Suppl 3:S466-74. doi: 10.2105/ajph.2014.302338.
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Keywords: Access to Care, Dental and Oral Health, Disparities, Healthcare Costs, Health Services Research (HSR)
Dahabreh IJ, Steele DW, Shah N
Oral mechanical bowel preparation for colorectal surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis.
The purpose of this review was to synthesize the evidence on the comparative effectiveness and safety of oral mechanical bowel preparation versus no preparation or enema. It found weak evidence suggesting that oral mechanical bowel preparation has similar effectiveness compared with no preparation with respect to all-cause mortality, anastomotic leakage, wound infection, and peritonitis for patients undergoing elective surgery for colorectal cancer.
AHRQ-funded; 290201200012I.
Citation: Dahabreh IJ, Steele DW, Shah N .
Oral mechanical bowel preparation for colorectal surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Dis Colon Rectum 2015 Jul;58(7):698-707. doi: 10.1097/dcr.0000000000000375..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Surgery, Outcomes, Adverse Events
Solberg LI, Stuck LH, Crain AL
Organizational factors and change strategies associated with medical home transformation.
The researchers surveyed leaders of the first 132 primary care practices in Minnesota to achieve medical home certification. The Change Process Capability Questionnaire survey and the Physician Practice Connections survey showed that 80% to 100% of these certified clinics had 15 of the 18 organizational factors important for improving care processes and that 60% to 90% had successfully used 16 improvement strategies.
AHRQ-funded; HS019161.
Citation: Solberg LI, Stuck LH, Crain AL .
Organizational factors and change strategies associated with medical home transformation.
Am J Med Qual 2015 Jul-Aug;30(4):337-44. doi: 10.1177/1062860614532307.
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Keywords: Patient-Centered Healthcare, Primary Care, Practice Improvement, Organizational Change, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care, Healthcare Delivery
Shaikh U, Romano P, Paterniti DA
Organizing for quality improvement in health care: An example from childhood obesity prevention.
The researchers evaluated how the quality improvement (QI) intervention, Healthy Eating Active Living TeleHealth Community of Practice, at 7 rural California clinics addressed the challenges. of preventing and managing obesity and translation of evidence into practice. Key challenges were clinician and staff buy-in, changing ingrained clinical practices, and motivating patient and families. Facilitators included top-down organizational requirements for QI, linkages to local QI resources, and involvement of clinical champions.
AHRQ-funded; HS018567.
Citation: Shaikh U, Romano P, Paterniti DA .
Organizing for quality improvement in health care: An example from childhood obesity prevention.
Qual Manag Health Care 2015 Jul-Sep;24(3):121-8. doi: 10.1097/qmh.0000000000000066.
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Keywords: Quality Improvement, Children/Adolescents, Obesity, Prevention, Primary Care
Lyerly MJ, Albright KC, Boehme AK
Patient selection for drip and ship thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke.
The authors sought to determine whether the population of their offsite stroke patients receiving thrombolysis differed from patients treated directly at their stroke center. Their results showed that a smaller proportion of blacks and older adults arrived at their center from other facilities, possibly reflecting differences in how patients are selected for thrombolysis and transferred to a higher level of care.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Lyerly MJ, Albright KC, Boehme AK .
Patient selection for drip and ship thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke.
South Med J 2015 Jul;108(7):393-8. doi: 10.14423/smj.0000000000000306.
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Keywords: Critical Care, Elderly, Stroke, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Lin CB, Cox M, Olson DM
Perception versus actual performance in timely tissue plasminogen activation administration in the management of acute ischemic stroke.
The purpose of this study was to compare stroke teams’ perceptions of their performance against known metrics associated with tPA administration. It found that less than one-third (29.1 percent) of staff accurately identified their door-to-needle performance It concluded that hospitals often overestimate their ability to deliver timely tPA to treated patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS016964.
Citation: Lin CB, Cox M, Olson DM .
Perception versus actual performance in timely tissue plasminogen activation administration in the management of acute ischemic stroke.
J Am Heart Assoc 2015 Jul;4(7). doi: 10.1161/jaha.114.001298..
Keywords: Stroke, Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Medication
Pakyz AL, Patterson JA, Motzkus-Feagans C
Performance of the present-on-admission indicator for Clostridium difficile infection.
The researchers compared performance of a hospital- and community-onset Clostridium difficile infection definition using administrative data to a present on- admission indicator with definitions using clinical surveillance. For hospital-onset C. difficile infection, there was moderate sensitivity (68 percent) and high specificity (93 percent); for community-onset, sensitivity and specificity were high (both 85 percent).
AHRQ-funded; HS018578.
Citation: Pakyz AL, Patterson JA, Motzkus-Feagans C .
Performance of the present-on-admission indicator for Clostridium difficile infection.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2015 Jul;36(7):838-40. doi: 10.1017/ice.2015.63..
Keywords: Clostridium difficile Infections, Patient Safety, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Data
Fallouh N, McGuirk HM, Flanders SA
Peripherally inserted central catheter-associated deep vein thrombosis: a narrative review.
To better guide clinicians, the researchers performed a comprehensive literature review to summarize best practices for peripherally inserted central catheter-related deep vein thrombosis (PICC-DVT). They concluded that centrally positioned, otherwise functional and clinically necessary PICCs need not be removed despite concomitant DVT. Anticoagulation with low-molecular-weight heparin or warfarin for at least 3 months represents the mainstay of treatment.
AHRQ-funded; HS022835.
Citation: Fallouh N, McGuirk HM, Flanders SA .
Peripherally inserted central catheter-associated deep vein thrombosis: a narrative review.
Am J Med 2015 Jul;128(7):722-38. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.01.027..
Keywords: Adverse Events, Blood Clots, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient Safety
Tang JW, Foster KE, Pumarino J
Perspectives on prevention of type 2 diabetes after gestational diabetes: a qualitative study of Hispanic, African-American and White women.
This qualitative study explored the perspectives of Hispanic, African-American, and White women affected by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The goal is for this work to inform the development of effective approaches to engage diverse populations affected by GDM in taking steps to reduce their risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus.
AHRQ-funded; HS021141.
Citation: Tang JW, Foster KE, Pumarino J .
Perspectives on prevention of type 2 diabetes after gestational diabetes: a qualitative study of Hispanic, African-American and White women.
Matern Child Health J 2015 Jul;19(7):1526-34. doi: 10.1007/s10995-014-1657-y..
Keywords: Diabetes, Lifestyle Changes, Pregnancy, Prevention, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Risk, Women
Suskind AM, Clemens JQ, Zhang Y
Physician use of sacral neuromodulation among Medicare beneficiaries with overactive bladder and urinary retention.
This study identified physician-level factors associated with high rates of sacral neuromodulation testing. It found that, over time, physicians are testing more patients but are not implanting more devices. Additionally, there is an inverse relationship between rates of device testing and implantation, suggesting opportunities to improve efficiency and resource utilization.
AHRQ-funded; HS018726.
Citation: Suskind AM, Clemens JQ, Zhang Y .
Physician use of sacral neuromodulation among Medicare beneficiaries with overactive bladder and urinary retention.
Urology 2015 Jul;86(1):30-4. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2015.04.003..
Keywords: Elderly, Medicare, Treatments, Women
Durkin MJ, Dicks KV, Baker AW
Postoperative infection in spine surgery: does the month matter?
The authors evaluated for seasonal variation of surgical site infection (SSI) following spine surgery in a network of nonteaching community hospitals. They found that the rate of SSI following fusion or spinal laminectomy/laminoplasty was higher during the summer in this network of community hospitals, most likely due to S. aureus rather than the July effect.
AHRQ-funded; HS023866.
Citation: Durkin MJ, Dicks KV, Baker AW .
Postoperative infection in spine surgery: does the month matter?
J Neurosurg Spine 2015 Jul;23(1):128-34. doi: 10.3171/2014.10.spine14559.
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Keywords: Surgery, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Injuries and Wounds, Adverse Events, Patient Safety, Hospitals, Outcomes, Quality of Care
Schroeder EB, Powers JD, O'Connor PJ
Prevalence of chronic kidney disease among individuals with diabetes in the SUPREME-DM Project, 2005-2011.
The researchers used a database including over 1 million individuals with diabetes to examine the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and trends from 2005 to 2011. They found that CKD prevalence was 20.0 percent using diagnostic codes, 17.7 percent using impaired estimated glomerular filtration rate alone, 11.9 percent using albuminuria, and 32.7 percent when one or more methods suggested CKD.
AHRQ-funded; HS019859
Citation: Schroeder EB, Powers JD, O'Connor PJ .
Prevalence of chronic kidney disease among individuals with diabetes in the SUPREME-DM Project, 2005-2011.
J Diabetes Complications. 2015 Jul;29(5):637-43. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2015.04.007.
Keywords: Kidney Disease and Health, Diabetes, Chronic Conditions