National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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- Sepsis (140)
- Sex Factors (67)
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- Shared Decision Making (583)
- Sickle Cell Disease (49)
- Simulation (49)
- Skin Conditions (121)
- Sleep Problems (70)
- Social Determinants of Health (357)
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- Tobacco Use (83)
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- Tools & Toolkits (49)
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- Trauma (105)
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- Uninsured (80)
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- Vulnerable Populations (231)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
11626 to 11650 of 12214 Research Studies DisplayedBroussard CS, Frey MT, Hernandez-Diaz S
AHRQ Author: Collins Sharp BA
Developing a systematic approach to safer medication use during pregnancy: summary of a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention--convened meeting.
The CDC convened an expert meeting in January 2013 to inform clinical decision making for managing health conditions in pregnancy. This report summarized their discussions of best practices for formulating an expert review process, developing evidence summaries and treatment guidance, and disseminating information.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Broussard CS, Frey MT, Hernandez-Diaz S .
Developing a systematic approach to safer medication use during pregnancy: summary of a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention--convened meeting.
Am J Obstet Gynecol 2014 Sep;211(3):208-14.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2014.05.040.
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Keywords: Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Maternal Care, Medication: Safety, Medication, Pregnancy
Byron SC, Gardner W, Kleinman LC
Developing measures for pediatric quality: methods and experiences of the CHIPRA pediatric quality measures program grantees.
The authors described the processes used by the Pediatric Quality Measures Program (PQMP) grantees to develop measures to assess the health care of children and adolescents in Medicaid and the Children's Health Insurance Program. They found that PQMP grantees faced common challenges, including the limited evidence base, data systems difficult or unsuited for measures reporting, and conflicting stakeholder priorities. Grantees were able to explore innovative methods to overcome measurement challenges, resulting in new quality measures for pediatric care.
AHRQ-funded; HS020513; HS020498; HS020516; HS020506; HS020518; HS020508; HS020503.
Citation: Byron SC, Gardner W, Kleinman LC .
Developing measures for pediatric quality: methods and experiences of the CHIPRA pediatric quality measures program grantees.
Acad Pediatr 2014 Sep-Oct;14(5 Suppl):S27-32. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2014.06.013.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP), Quality of Care, Children/Adolescents, Quality Measures
Abdelsattar ZM, Krell RW, Campbell Jr DA
Differences in hospital performance for noncancer vs cancer colorectal surgery.
The researchers investigated the differences in hospital performance for noncancer and cancer colorectal resections at 52 Michigan hospitals. They found that hospital performance ranking in risk-adjusted outcomes (mortality, morbidity, length of stay) after noncancer colorectal resections does not correlate with performance for cancer-related colorectal resections.
AHRQ-funded; HS000053; HS20937
Citation: Abdelsattar ZM, Krell RW, Campbell Jr DA .
Differences in hospital performance for noncancer vs cancer colorectal surgery.
J Am Coll Surg. 2014 Sep;219(3):450-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2014.02.034..
Keywords: Outcomes, Surgery, Quality of Care
David G, Lindrooth RC, Helmchen LA
Do hospitals cross-subsidize?
The authors used repeated shocks to a profitable service in the market for hospital-based medical care to test for cross-subsidization of unprofitable services. They studied how incumbent hospitals adjusted their provision of three uncontested services that are widely considered to be unprofitable. They estimated that the hospitals most exposed to entry reduced their provision of psychiatric, substance-abuse, and trauma care services at a rate of about one uncontested-service admission for every four cardiac admissions they stood to lose.
AHRQ-funded; HS010730.
Citation: David G, Lindrooth RC, Helmchen LA .
Do hospitals cross-subsidize?
J Health Econ 2014 Sep;37:198-218. doi: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2014.06.007.
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Keywords: Healthcare Costs, Quality of Care, Hospitals
Dood RL, Gracia CR, Sammel MD
Endometrial cancer after endometrial ablation vs medical management of abnormal uterine bleeding.
The authors investigated whether endometrial ablation is associated with increased risk or delayed diagnosis of endometrial cancer compared with medical management of abnormal uterine bleeding. They observed no difference in endometrial cancer rates, nor was there a delay in diagnosis when comparing endometrial ablation vs medical management.
AHRQ-funded; HS021336.
Citation: Dood RL, Gracia CR, Sammel MD .
Endometrial cancer after endometrial ablation vs medical management of abnormal uterine bleeding.
J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2014 Sep-Oct;21(5):744-52. doi: 10.1016/j.jmig.2014.02.012.
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Keywords: Cancer, Comparative Effectiveness, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Women
Tang DH, Warholak TL, Hines LE
Evaluation of Pharmacy and Therapeutic (P&T) Committee member knowledge, attitudes and ability regarding the use of comparative effectiveness research (CER) in health care decision-making.
This study was conducted to evaluate changes in CER knowledge, attitudes, and ability among Pharmacy and Therapeutics (P&T) Committee members and support staff after attending a tailored educational program. It found that the CER educational program was effective in increasing participants’ CER knowledge and self-perceived ability to evaluate relevant evidence.
AHRQ-funded; HS019220.
Citation: Tang DH, Warholak TL, Hines LE .
Evaluation of Pharmacy and Therapeutic (P&T) Committee member knowledge, attitudes and ability regarding the use of comparative effectiveness research (CER) in health care decision-making.
Res Social Adm Pharm 2014 Sep-Oct;10(5):768-80. doi: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2013.11.008..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Shared Decision Making, Evidence-Based Practice
Jaana M, Vartak S, Ward MM
Evidence-based health care management: what is the research evidence available for health care managers?
The authors conducted a scoping review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses to determine the availability and accessibility of evidence for health care managers. They found that 96.5% of their search results were not on target, and they suggested a better classification within PubMed to increase the accessibility of meaningful resources and to facilitate evidence retrieval. They recommended that health care journals take initiatives encouraging the publication of reviews in relevant management areas.
AHRQ-funded; HS018396.
Citation: Jaana M, Vartak S, Ward MM .
Evidence-based health care management: what is the research evidence available for health care managers?
Eval Health Prof 2014 Sep;37(3):314-34. doi: 10.1177/0163278713511325.
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Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice, Health Services Research (HSR), Research Methodologies
Jonas DE, Amick HR, Feltner C
Genetic polymorphisms and response to medications for alcohol use disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
This review assessed whether response to medications for alcohol use disorders varies by genotype. It found that estimates of effect for return to heavy drinking suggest it is possible that patients with at least one G allele of A118G polymorphism of OPRM1 might be more likely to respond to naltrexone.
290201200008I; 29032002T
Citation: Jonas DE, Amick HR, Feltner C .
Genetic polymorphisms and response to medications for alcohol use disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Pharmacogenomics 2014 Sep;15(13):1687-700. doi: 10.2217/pgs.14.121..
Keywords: Medication, Alcohol Use, Substance Abuse, Genetics
Jonas DE, Amick HR, Feltner C
Genetic polymorphisms and response to medications for alcohol use disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
This review assessed whether response to medications for alcohol use disorders varies by genotype. It found that estimates of effect for return to heavy drinking suggest it is possible that patients with at least one G allele of A118G polymorphism of OPRM1 might be more likely to respond to naltrexone.
290201200008I; 29032002T
Citation: Jonas DE, Amick HR, Feltner C .
Genetic polymorphisms and response to medications for alcohol use disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Pharmacogenomics 2014 Sep;15(13):1687-700. doi: 10.2217/pgs.14.121..
Keywords: Medication, Alcohol Use, Substance Abuse, Genetics
Yehia BR, Fleishman JA, Agwu AL
AHRQ Author: Fleishman JA
Health insurance coverage for persons in HIV care, 2006-2012.
The authors examined trends in health insurance coverage at 11 US HIV clinics between 2006 and 2012. They found that Medicaid coverage was more prevalent among women than men; blacks and Hispanics than whites; and individuals with injection drug use risk compared with other transmission risk factors, with Hispanics and younger age groups more likely to be uninsured than other racial/ethnic and older age groups, respectively.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded; 290201100007C.
Citation: Yehia BR, Fleishman JA, Agwu AL .
Health insurance coverage for persons in HIV care, 2006-2012.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2014 Sep 1;67(1):102-6. doi: 10.1097/qai.0000000000000251.
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Keywords: Health Insurance, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Medicare, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Uninsured
Islam R, Weir C, Del Fiol G
Heuristics in managing complex clinical decision tasks in experts' decision making.
The authors sought to understand how clinicians manage complexity while dealing with complex clinical decision tasks. They found that experts cope with complexity in a variety of ways, including using efficient and fast decision strategies to simplify complex decision tasks, mentally simulating outcomes, and focusing on only the most relevant information.
AHRQ-funded; HS023349.
Citation: Islam R, Weir C, Del Fiol G .
Heuristics in managing complex clinical decision tasks in experts' decision making.
IEEE Int Conf Healthc Inform 2014 Sep;2014:186-93. doi: 10.1109/ichi.2014.32.
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Keywords: Clinical Decision Support (CDS), Shared Decision Making, Patient Safety
Joseph S, Sow M, Furukawa MF
AHRQ Author: Furukawa MF
HITECH spurs EHR vendor competition and innovation, resulting in increased adoption.
This study examined the impact of the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (HITECH). It found increased provider adoption and also provides the first evidence of increased competitiveness and innovation in the electronic health records industry spurred by HITECH.
AHRQ-authored
Citation: Joseph S, Sow M, Furukawa MF .
HITECH spurs EHR vendor competition and innovation, resulting in increased adoption.
Am J Manag Care. 2014 Sep;20(9):734-40..
Keywords: Health Information Technology (HIT), Healthcare Costs, Electronic Prescribing (E-Prescribing), Electronic Health Records (EHRs)
Reeves S, Garcia E, Kleyn M
Identifying sickle cell disease cases using administrative claims.
The authors developed and tested the accuracy of administrative claims method for identifying children with sickle cell disease (SCD) to enable quality of care assessments among children enrolled in Medicaid. They found that their definition can be used to facilitate a more accurate identification of children with SCD in future studies.
AHRQ-funded; HS020516.
Citation: Reeves S, Garcia E, Kleyn M .
Identifying sickle cell disease cases using administrative claims.
Acad Pediatr 2014 Sep-Oct;14(5 Suppl):S61-7. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2014.02.008.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Health Insurance, Medicaid, Sickle Cell Disease
Vargas GM, Parmar AD, Sheffield KM
Impact of liver-directed therapy in colorectal cancer liver metastases.
This study evaluated the use of liver resection, ablation, and chemoembolization (LDT) in older patients presenting with metastatic colorectal cancer in the setting of improved chemotherapy. It found that many older patients deemed to be appropriate candidates for resection of the primary tumor and receipt of systemic chemotherapy did not receive LDT.
AHRQ-funded; HS022134
Citation: Vargas GM, Parmar AD, Sheffield KM .
Impact of liver-directed therapy in colorectal cancer liver metastases.
J Surg Res. 2014 Sep;191(1):42-50. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2014.05.070..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Elderly, Surgery
Haines CF, Fleishman JA, Yehia BR
AHRQ Author: Fleishman JA
Increase in CD4 count among new enrollees in HIV care in the modern antiretroviral therapy era.
The authors sought to determine whether the CD4 count at presentation, a surrogate for time to presentation, increased from 2003 to 2011. They demonstrated a small, but statistically significant, increase in CD4 at presentation after the 2006 CDC HIV-screening guideline revision.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded; 290201100007C.
Citation: Haines CF, Fleishman JA, Yehia BR .
Increase in CD4 count among new enrollees in HIV care in the modern antiretroviral therapy era.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2014 Sep 1;67(1):84-90. doi: 10.1097/qai.0000000000000228.
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Keywords: Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Boehme AK, Rawal PV, Lyerly MJ
Investigating the utility of previously developed prediction scores in acute ischemic stroke patients in the stroke belt.
The researchers compared several scoring systems among patients receiving systemic and endovascular treatments. They concluded that their study demonstrated that although highly predictive of outcome in the original study design treatment groups, prediction scores may not generalize to all patient samples, highlighting the importance of validating prediction scores in diverse samples.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Boehme AK, Rawal PV, Lyerly MJ .
Investigating the utility of previously developed prediction scores in acute ischemic stroke patients in the stroke belt.
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2014 Sep;23(8):2001-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2014.02.003.
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Keywords: Shared Decision Making, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Risk, Stroke
Robinson MN, Tansil KA, Elder RW
AHRQ Author: Miller T
Mass media health communication campaigns combined with health-related product distribution: a community guide systematic review.
The researchers conducted a systematic review to evaluate the effectiveness of health communication campaigns that use multiple channels, including mass media, and distribute health-related products. They concluded that health communication campaigns that combine mass media and other communication channels with distribution of free or reduced-price health-related products are effective in improving healthy behaviors. They expect this intervention to be applicable across U.S. demographic groups, with appropriate population targeting.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Robinson MN, Tansil KA, Elder RW .
Mass media health communication campaigns combined with health-related product distribution: a community guide systematic review.
Am J Prev Med 2014 Sep;47(3):360-71. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2014.05.034.
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Keywords: Communication, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Health Promotion, Lifestyle Changes, Social Media, Tobacco Use
Nakamura MM, Toomey SL, Zaslavsky AM
Measuring pediatric hospital readmission rates to drive quality improvement.
The investigators sought to describe the importance of readmissions in children and the challenges of developing readmission quality measures. They found that the policy focus on readmissions has motivated widespread efforts by hospitals and outpatient providers to evaluate and reengineer care processes.
AHRQ-funded; HS020513; HS020508.
Citation: Nakamura MM, Toomey SL, Zaslavsky AM .
Measuring pediatric hospital readmission rates to drive quality improvement.
Acad Pediatr 2014 Sep-Oct;14(5 Suppl):S39-46. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2014.06.012.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Quality Improvement, Quality Indicators (QIs), Quality Measures, Hospital Readmissions
Adler-Milstein J, DesRoches CM, Furukawa MF
AHRQ Author: Furukawa MF
More than half of US hospitals have at least a basic EHR, but stage 2 criteria remain challenging for most.
The investigators used American Hospital Association data to assess progress and challenges in EHR adoption. They found that most hospitals are able to meet many of the stage 2 meaningful-use criteria, but only 5.8 percent of hospitals are able to meet them all.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Adler-Milstein J, DesRoches CM, Furukawa MF .
More than half of US hospitals have at least a basic EHR, but stage 2 criteria remain challenging for most.
Health Aff 2014 Sep;33(9):1664-71. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2014.0453.
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Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Hospitals
Abrahamson K, Mueller C, Davila HW
Nurses as boundary-spanners in reducing avoidable hospitalizations among nursing home residents.
The researchers interviewed 76 nurses working at 38 nursing homes that were implementing quality improvement projects to reduce avoidable hospitalizations. They explored the role of the nurse as boundary-spanner between the organizational goals of the nursing home and external stakeholder systems and how that influences the nursing staff experience.
AHRQ-funded; HS018464
Citation: Abrahamson K, Mueller C, Davila HW .
Nurses as boundary-spanners in reducing avoidable hospitalizations among nursing home residents.
Res Gerontol Nurs. 2014 Sep-Oct;7(5):235-43. doi: 10.3928/19404921-20140519-01..
Keywords: Nursing Homes, Long-Term Care, Elderly, Quality of Care, Quality Improvement
Buys DR, Roth DL, Ritchie CS
Nutritional risk and body mass index predict hospitalization, nursing home admissions, and mortality in community-dwelling older adults: results from the UAB Study of Aging with 8.5 years of follow-up.
This study finds that nutritional risk was prospectively associated with all-cause and nonsurgical hospitalizations and with nursing home admission and mortality in unadjusted models. After adjusting for other risk factors, the association between high nutritional risk and all-cause and nonsurgical hospitalizations remained significant.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852
Citation: Buys DR, Roth DL, Ritchie CS .
Nutritional risk and body mass index predict hospitalization, nursing home admissions, and mortality in community-dwelling older adults: results from the UAB Study of Aging with 8.5 years of follow-up.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2014 Sep;69(9):1146-53. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glu024..
Keywords: Nutrition, Hospitalization, Elderly, Long-Term Care, Mortality
Petrov ME, Kim Y, Lauderdale DS
Objective sleep, a novel risk factor for alterations in kidney function: the CARDIA study.
The investigators determined the association between objectively measured sleep and 10-year changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate. They found that, in this community-based sample, shorter sleep and poorer sleep quality were related to higher kidney filtration rates over 10 years.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Petrov ME, Kim Y, Lauderdale DS .
Objective sleep, a novel risk factor for alterations in kidney function: the CARDIA study.
Sleep Med 2014 Sep;15(9):1140-6. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2014.05.021.
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Keywords: Risk, Sleep Problems, Kidney Disease and Health
Wang SV, Schneeweiss S, Rassen JA
Optimal matching ratios in drug safety surveillance.
The researchers used a simulation design to generate 48 scenarios varying in the baseline outcome rate, proportion of exposed, true effect size (without effect modification), and strength of unmeasured residual confounding. They found that except for the most extreme combination of rare outcome and exposure, in scenarios with no residual confounding, 1:1 matching removed 98% to 99% of the bias.
AHRQ-funded; HS022193.
Citation: Wang SV, Schneeweiss S, Rassen JA .
Optimal matching ratios in drug safety surveillance.
Epidemiology 2014 Sep;25(5):772-3. doi: 10.1097/ede.0000000000000148..
Keywords: Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient Safety, Medication
Petrov ME, Howard VJ, Kleindorfer D
Over-the-counter and prescription sleep medication and incident stroke: the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke study.
The authors investigated the relation between sleep medication use and incident stroke. At the sleep assessment, 9.6% of the participants used prescription sleep medication and 11.1% used over-the-counter sleep aids. Over an average follow-up of 3.3 ± 1.0 years, 297 stroke events occurred. The authors found that over-the-counter sleep medication use was associated with increased risk of incident stroke; however, there was no significant association with prescription sleep medications. They concluded that over-the-counter sleep medication use may independently increase the risk of stroke beyond other risk factors in middle-aged to older individuals with no history of stroke.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Petrov ME, Howard VJ, Kleindorfer D .
Over-the-counter and prescription sleep medication and incident stroke: the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke study.
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2014 Sep;23(8):2110-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2014.03.025.
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Keywords: Medication: Safety, Medication, Risk, Sleep Problems, Stroke, Cardiovascular Conditions, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Agos F, Shoda C, Bransford D
Part II: managing perioperative hyperglycemia in total hip and knee replacement surgeries.
Perioperative hyperglycemia management is an important factor in reducing the risk of surgical site infections (SSIs) in all patients whether they have diabetes or not. This article describes the impact of an evidence-based practice standard for perioperative hyperglycemia management in the reduction of SSIs in patients having total hip and knee replacement surgery.
AHRQ-funded; HS017892
Citation: Agos F, Shoda C, Bransford D .
Part II: managing perioperative hyperglycemia in total hip and knee replacement surgeries.
Nurs Clin North Am. 2014 Sep;49(3):299-308. doi: 10.1016/j.cnur.2014.05.004..
Keywords: Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Surgery, Patient Safety, Orthopedics, Injuries and Wounds