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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
151 to 175 of 12392 Research Studies DisplayedChen VW, Rosen T, Dong Y
Case sampling for evaluating hospital postoperative morbidity in US surgical quality improvement programs.
This study examined whether US surgical quality improvement (QI) programs using case sampling is robust enough for identifying hospitals with higher than expected complications. Eligible patients were 18 years and older who underwent a noncardiac operation at US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) hospitals with a record in the VA Surgical Quality Improvement Program (systematic sample) and the VA Corporate Data Warehouse surgical domain (100% of surgical cases). Most patients in both samples were men (90.2% vs 91.2%) and White (74.7% vs 74.5%). Overall, 30-day complication rates were 7.6% and 5.3% for the sample and universal review cohorts, respectively. Using over 2145 hospital quarters of data, hospitals were identified as an outlier in 15.0% of quarters using the sample and 18.2% with universal review. Average hospital quarterly complication rates were 4.7% for outliers identified using the sample only, 7.2% for universal only, and 7.4% for concurrent identification in both sources. For nonsampled cases, average hospital quarterly complication rates were 7.0% at outliers and 4.4% at nonoutliers. Among outlier hospital quarters in the sample, 54.2% were concurrently identified with universal review, and for those identified with universal review, 44.6% were concurrently identified using the sample.
AHRQ-funded; HS028560.
Citation: Chen VW, Rosen T, Dong Y .
Case sampling for evaluating hospital postoperative morbidity in US surgical quality improvement programs.
JAMA Surg 2024 Mar; 159(3):315-22. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2023.6524..
Keywords: Surgery, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care, Hospitals
Hoffmann JA, Kshetrapal A, Pergjika A
A qualitative assessment of barriers and proposed interventions to improve acute agitation management for children with mental and behavioral health conditions in the emergency department.
This study is a qualitative assessment of barriers and proposed strategies for providing high-quality care to children who experience acute agitation in the emergency department (ED). The authors conducted semistructured interviews with 6 ED physicians, 6 ED nurses, 6 parents, and 6 adolescents at high risk for developing agitation. They asked participants about their experiences with acute agitation care in the ED, barriers and facilitators to providing high-quality care, and proposed interventions. The participants discussed identifying risk factors for acute agitation, worrying about safety and the risk of injury, feeling moral distress, and shifting the culture toward patient-centered, trauma-informed care. Barriers and facilitators discussed included using a standardized care pathway, identifying environmental barriers and allocating resources, partnering with the family and child, and communicating among team members. They proposed nine interventions: opening a behavioral observation unit with dedicated staff and space, asking screening questions to identify risk of agitation, creating personalized care plans in the electronic health record, using a standardized agitation severity scale, implementing a behavioral response team, providing safe activities and environmental modifications, improving the handoff process, educating staff, and addressing bias and inequities.
AHRQ-funded; HS026385.
Citation: Hoffmann JA, Kshetrapal A, Pergjika A .
A qualitative assessment of barriers and proposed interventions to improve acute agitation management for children with mental and behavioral health conditions in the emergency department.
J Acad Consult Liaison Psychiatry 2024 Mar-Apr; 65(2):167-77. doi: 10.1016/j.jaclp.2023.12.001..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Emergency Department, Behavioral Health
Sheehan MM, Zilberberg MD, Lindenauer PK
Associations between present-on-admission do-not-resuscitate orders and short-term outcomes in patients with pneumonia.
The purpose of this study was to examine whether early Do-not-resuscitate (DNR) orders are related with differences in treatments and outcomes in patients hospitalized with pneumonia. The study found that of 768,015 patients, 12.3% had an early DNR order. Patients with DNR orders were older, with higher comorbidity burden, intensive care use, and in-hospital mortality. There was little association between predicted mortality and DNR orders, and DNR orders were relationship with lower intensive care use compared with those without.
AHRQ-funded; HS025026; HS024277.
Citation: Sheehan MM, Zilberberg MD, Lindenauer PK .
Associations between present-on-admission do-not-resuscitate orders and short-term outcomes in patients with pneumonia.
South Med J 2024 Mar; 117(3):165-71. doi: 10.14423/smj.0000000000001663..
Keywords: Pneumonia, Respiratory Conditions, Outcomes
Webel B, Villalobos G, Rockwell MS
Considering the environmental impact of practice-based research.
The purpose of this study was to examine the reduction in carbon footprint created by changing from in-person to virtual format for practice facilitation activities for Practice-based research networks (PBRNs) study activities. The researchers determined the total number of driving miles avoided by virtual facilitation, then used the Environmental Protection Agency Greenhouse Gases Equivalencies Calculator to determine the metric tons of carbon dioxide that were that were avoided. The study found that virtual facilitation avoided 32,574.8 drive miles and prevented the release of 12.7 metric tons of carbon dioxide. Practices reported that virtual facilitation generated higher levels of engagement and enabled improved attendance.
AHRQ-funded; HS027077.
Citation: Webel B, Villalobos G, Rockwell MS .
Considering the environmental impact of practice-based research.
J Am Board Fam Med 2024 Mar 11; 37(1):22-24. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2023.230202R1..
Keywords: Primary Care, Evidence-Based Practice, Health Services Research (HSR)
Lang K, Atchison TJ, Singh P
Describing the monthly variability of hospital-onset Clostridioides difficile during early coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) using electronic health record data.
The objectives of this retrospective cohort study were to assess the relative risk of hospital-onset Clostridioides difficile (HO-CDI) during the early months of the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and to compare it with historical expectation based on patient characteristics. Secondary data was collected from the Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center electronic health records on adult patients admitted to the inpatient setting between January 2018 and May 2021. The results indicated that variations in HO-CDI incidence seemed to trend with COVID-19 incidence, but were not fully explained by the study’s case mix. The authors concluded that other factors contributing to variability in HO-CDI incidence needed to be explored.
AHRQ-funded; HS027200.
Citation: Lang K, Atchison TJ, Singh P .
Describing the monthly variability of hospital-onset Clostridioides difficile during early coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) using electronic health record data.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2024 Mar; 45(3):329-34. doi: 10.1017/ice.2023.171.
Keywords: Clostridium difficile Infections, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), COVID-19, Infectious Diseases
Lin JS, Webber EM, Bean SI
Development of a health equity framework for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
The objective of this study was to develop a framework to allow the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) to incorporate a health equity lens spanning the entirety of its recommendation-making process. Key guidance, policy, and explanatory frameworks related to health equity were identified, and their recommendations and findings mapped to current USPSTF methods. An equity framework was developed that could be applied to all phases of the recommendation process. The authors concluded that executing this framework will be challenging and take additional time and resources, but it will offer guidance to the USPSTF and other evidence-based guideline entities in developing a more transparent, consistent, and intentional approach to addressing health equity in their recommendations.
AHRQ-funded; 75Q80121C00001.
Citation: Lin JS, Webber EM, Bean SI .
Development of a health equity framework for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA Netw Open 2024 Mar 4; 7(3):e241875. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.1875..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Disparities, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines
Goldman S, Zhao J, Bieber B
Gastric acid suppression therapy and its association with peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis in the Peritoneal Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (PDOPPS).
This study’s goal was to determine whether gastric acid suppression (GAS) (proton pump inhibitor (PPI) or histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RA)) use was associated with all-cause and organism-specific peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. The authors used data from the Peritoneal Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (595 facilities, 8 countries, years 2014-2022), and associations between GAS use and time to first episode of all-cause peritonitis was examined. Out of a total of 23,797 baseline study patients, 6020 (25.3%) used PPIs, and 1382 (5.8%) used H2RAs. Overall risks of GAS use and peritonitis risk [adjusted hazard ratio (AHR)=1.05), and use of PPI (AHR 1.06) or H2RA (AHR 1.02) did not reach statistical significance. In organism-specific analyses, GAS users displayed higher peritonitis risks for gram-negative (AHR 1.29), gram-positive (AHR 1.15), culture-negative (AHR 1.20), enteric (AHR 1.23), and particularly Streptococcal (AHR 1.47) peritonitis episodes. GAS was also associated with higher overall mortality (AHR 1.13).
AHRQ-funded; HS025756.
Citation: Goldman S, Zhao J, Bieber B .
Gastric acid suppression therapy and its association with peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis in the Peritoneal Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (PDOPPS).
Kidney360 2024 Mar 1; 5(3):370-79. doi: 10.34067/kid.0000000000000325..
Keywords: Kidney Disease and Health, Adverse Events, Risk
Powell-Wiley TM, Martinez MF, Heneghan J
Health and economic value of eliminating socioeconomic disparities in US youth physical activity.
The purpose of this study was to determine the potential public health and economic effects of eliminating disparities in youth physical activity (PA) levels among US youth socioeconomic status SES groups. The researchers utilized a model representing all 6- to 17-year-old children in the US to simulate epidemiological, clinical, and economic effects of disparities in PA levels among different SES groups and the effect of reducing these disparities. The study found that if the US eliminates the disparity in youth PA levels across SES groups, absolute overweight and obesity prevalence would decrease by 0.826% resulting in approximately 383,000fewer cases of overweight and obesity and 101,000 fewer cases of weight-related diseases. This would result in more than $15.60 billion in cost savings over the youth cohort's lifetime.
AHRQ-funded; HS028165.
Citation: Powell-Wiley TM, Martinez MF, Heneghan J .
Health and economic value of eliminating socioeconomic disparities in US youth physical activity.
JAMA Health Forum 2024 Mar; 5(3):e240088. doi: 10.1001/jamahealthforum.2024.0088..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Disparities, Social Determinants of Health
Mao Y, Li Y, McGarry B
Home time and state regulations among Medicare beneficiaries in assisted living communities.
The objectives of this study were to assess variation in home time among assisted living (AL) residents in the year following admission and to examine associations with state regulations for direct care workers (DCW) training and staffing and for licensed nurse staffing. The study sample included new Medicare beneficiary residents in over 12,000 AL facilities. Findings showed that home time varied substantially among AL residents depending on resident characteristics and state-level regulatory specificity; residents eligible for Medicare and Medicaid had shorter home time than the Medicare-only residents. The authors concluded that their findings could guide AL operators and state legislators toward improvements in this important quality of life metric.
AHRQ-funded; HS026893.
Citation: Mao Y, Li Y, McGarry B .
Home time and state regulations among Medicare beneficiaries in assisted living communities.
J Am Geriatr Soc 2024 Mar; 72(3):742-52. doi: 10.1111/jgs.18709..
Keywords: Medicare, Policy, Long-Term Care, Quality of Life
Balk EM, Adam GP, D'Ambrosio CM
Large variability in definitions of sleep apnea indices used in clinical studies.
This systematic review explored the variability of sleep apnea indices and definitions of obstructive sleep apnea in clinical studies of continuous positive airway pressure. The authors reviewed 57 comparative studies of long-term continuous positive airway pressure. In these studies, only 40% fully and explicitly reported their definitions of apnea and hypopnea. The majority of studies defined apnea as 100% airflow cessation, but a minority used 90% or even down to 75% thresholds. Hypopnea was defined as ≥ 50% airflow cessation in almost half of the studies, but the majority used 30% or even 25% thresholds. About half of the studies used a 4% desaturation threshold to define oxygen desaturation and about half used a 3% threshold, with 2 studies using both thresholds for different purposes. Randomized trials were found to be no more consistent or better reported than observational studies.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500002I.
Citation: Balk EM, Adam GP, D'Ambrosio CM .
Large variability in definitions of sleep apnea indices used in clinical studies.
J Clin Sleep Med 2024 Mar; 20(3):461-68. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.10918..
Keywords: Sleep Problems, Evidence-Based Practice
Lee YSH, Grob R, Nembhard I
Leveraging patients' creative ideas for innovation in health care.
The authors of this article developed and assessed a methodological strategy to validate question wording that elicits ideas from patients. Testing strategies involved 600 patients from New York state. The authors noted that patients generated more actionable and creative ideas when explicitly invited, especially patients with negative health care experiences, patients from minority racial/ethnic backgrounds or with chronic illness. Responses focused on solving challenges, proposing interventions, highlighting exceptional practices, and expressing hopes for the future. This data can be used by health care organizations in health care delivery and quality improvement, and policymakers should consider use of narrative feedback to better understand and respond to patients' experiences.
AHRQ-funded; HS016978.
Citation: Lee YSH, Grob R, Nembhard I .
Leveraging patients' creative ideas for innovation in health care.
Milbank Q 2024 Mar; 102(1):233-69. doi: 10.1111/1468-0009.12682..
Keywords: Learning Health Systems, Patient-Centered Healthcare
Hughes PM, Easterly CW, Thomas K
North Carolina Medicaid system perspectives on substance use disorder treatment policy changes during the COVID-19 pandemic.
This study’s objective was to describe perspectives from stakeholders involved in North Carolina’s Medicaid system on substance use disorder (SUD) treatment policy changes during the COVID pandemic. Researchers conducted semi-structured interviews with state agency representatives, Medicaid managed care organizations and providers, as well as three focus groups of Medicaid beneficiaries with SUD. Responses indicated that policy changes such as telehealth and take-home methadone were overall considered beneficial; staffing shortages, however, remained a substantial barrier. The researchers concluded that the policy changes should be continued, but additional steps are needed to ensure payment parity for telehealth services.
AHRQ-funded; HS000032.
Citation: Hughes PM, Easterly CW, Thomas K .
North Carolina Medicaid system perspectives on substance use disorder treatment policy changes during the COVID-19 pandemic.
J Addict Med 2024 Mar-Apr; 18(2):e1-e7. doi: 10.1097/adm.0000000000001272..
Keywords: COVID-19, Medicaid, Substance Abuse, Behavioral Health, Policy
Feinberg E, Eilenberg JS
Role of community health workers in promoting health equity in pediatrics.
This progress report describes 2 pilot RCTs that examined the feasibility and acceptability of using a community health worker (CHW) implemented intervention as a strategy to improve timely completion of autism diagnostic evaluations among young children from historically marginalized communities. The authors describe the research that has been published on the topic since they submitted their original study report on November 17, 2019. Their team conducted a subsequent large multisite RCT (“Project EARLY”) as part of National Institute of Mental Health’s Autism Spectrum Disorder Pediatric Early Detection, Engagement and Services Network, whose aim was to develop and test interventions that coordinate early autism screening, evaluation, and engagement in services. Their findings confirmed the efficacy of family navigation to reduce time to autism diagnostic resolution while also uncovering family navigation’s differential impact by ethnicity. Positive effects of using a CHW were significantly greater for Hispanic families compared to non-Hispanic families, suggesting that the intervention may be an effective strategy to reduce disparities by minoritized subgroups. The authors also discussed recent funding through grants, and the fact that Medicaid reimburses CHWs for patient education and health care navigation in 29 US states. They also discuss future directions for investigating the impact of CHWs on autism outcomes specifically, and child well-being more generally.
AHRQ-funded; HS022155.
Citation: Feinberg E, Eilenberg JS .
Role of community health workers in promoting health equity in pediatrics.
Acad Pediatr 2024 Mar; 24(2):199-200. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2023.09.005..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Disparities, Access to Care
Harris S, Ching SJ, Agarwal R
AHRQ Author: Harris S
Screening and preventive interventions for oral health in children, adolescents, and adults.
This case study and quiz explores the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendations for oral health screenings in primary care settings. The case presents a scenario of a father and child who have lost dental insurance and experienced dietary changes, prompting the question of whether the primary care physician should screen them for oral health conditions. The USPSTF concludes there is insufficient evidence to recommend for or against oral health screening in asymptomatic adults and children over five in primary care, emphasizing the need for clinical judgment in such cases. The quiz further highlights that the USPSTF recommendations cover dental caries in children and adolescents (5-17 years old) and both dental caries and periodontal disease in adults (18+ years old). Additionally, tobacco use is identified as a risk factor for oral health conditions in adults.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Harris S, Ching SJ, Agarwal R .
Screening and preventive interventions for oral health in children, adolescents, and adults.
Am Fam Physician 2024 Mar; 109(3):261-62..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Children/Adolescents, Screening, Dental and Oral Health, Guidelines, Evidence-Based Practice
Wadhwani SI, Pantell MS MS, Winestone LE
Subspecialty pediatrics: an unmet opportunity to address unmet social risks.
The purpose of this paper was to apply a model for patient-care-related social care activities defined by the National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM). The researchers propose a more complete approach to social care that purposefully includes subspecialty care teams and improves interdisciplinary communication with primary care to better meet the long- term needs of Children living with medical complexity and their families.
AHRQ-funded; HS028473.
Citation: Wadhwani SI, Pantell MS MS, Winestone LE .
Subspecialty pediatrics: an unmet opportunity to address unmet social risks.
Acad Pediatr 2024 Mar; 24(2):204-07. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2023.07.009..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Social Determinants of Health, Risk
Levander XA, VanDerSchaaf H, Barragán VG
The role of human-centered design in healthcare innovation: a digital health equity case study.
This article described a human-centered design (HCD) approach to developing solutions to health care delivery technology issues that may exacerbate existing disparities. HCD used collaborative, team-based, and empathetic approaches focused on end-user experiences. The authors shared lessons learned about implementing HCD into clinical care settings and how HCD can result in developing site-specific, patient-centered innovations to address disparities and to improve digital health equity.
AHRQ-funded; HS026370.
Citation: Levander XA, VanDerSchaaf H, Barragán VG .
The role of human-centered design in healthcare innovation: a digital health equity case study.
J Gen Intern Med 2024 Mar; 39(4):690-95. doi: 10.1007/s11606-023-08500-0..
Keywords: Telehealth, COVID-19, Health Information Technology (HIT)
Olfson M, McClellan C, Zuvekas SH
AHRQ Author: McClellan C, Zuvekas S
Trends in psychological distress and outpatient mental health care of adults during the COVID-19 era.
The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to describe patterns in psychological distress and outpatient mental health care among U.S. adults from 2018 to 2021 and to characterize trends of in-person, telephone, and video outpatient mental health care. The researchers utilized data from 86,658 respondents of the 2018 – 2021 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey Household Component. The study found that between 2018 and 2021, the rate of serious psychological distress among adults increased from 3.5% to 4.2%, while the rate of outpatient mental health care decreased from 46.5% to 40.4% among adults with serious psychological distress. When researchers controlled for the variables of age, sex, and distress, they observed a significant increase in outpatient mental health care for young adults aged 18 to 44 years and for employed adults. In 2021, 33.4% of mental health outpatients received at least 1 video visit, including a disproportionate percentage of young, urban, college-educated, employed, higher-income, adults.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Olfson M, McClellan C, Zuvekas SH .
Trends in psychological distress and outpatient mental health care of adults during the COVID-19 era.
Ann Intern Med 2024 Mar; 177(3):353-62. doi: 10.7326/m23-2824..
Keywords: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), COVID-19, Behavioral Health, Ambulatory Care and Surgery
Mullens Hernandez, JA JA, Murthy J
Understanding the impacts of rural hospital closures: a scoping review.
Researchers conducted a scoping literature review to understand the impact of rural hospital closure in order to inform ongoing federal policy debates and research. Key categories of adverse impacts that emerged included: emergency medical service transport; availability of emergency care, hospital services, and outpatient services; changes in quality of care: effects on workforce and community members and the local economy. The researchers concluded that a synthesis of their findings will permit policymakers and researchers to understand, and mitigate, the harms of rural hospital closure. They also recommended a tailored approach and discussed crucial knowledge gaps in the evidence base.
AHRQ-funded; HS028672; HS027788; HS028606; HS028963.
Citation: Mullens Hernandez, JA JA, Murthy J .
Understanding the impacts of rural hospital closures: a scoping review.
J Rural Health 2024 Mar; 40(2):227-37. doi: 10.1111/jrh.12801..
Keywords: Rural Health, Rural/Inner-City Residents, Hospitals, Access to Care
Molloy MJ, Zackoff M, Gifford A
Usability testing of situation awareness clinical decision support in the intensive care unit.
Researchers conducted a mixed-methods usability evaluation of an automated clinical decision support (CDS) tool previously implemented in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) to promote shared situation awareness among medical teams to prevent safety events within children's hospitals. The site for this study was a large, urban, quaternary, free-standing children's hospital in the Midwestern U.S. PICU staff, including physicians, advanced practice providers, nurses, and respiratory therapists, completed a system usability scale, while ten participants underwent think-aloud usability testing. The overall median usability score was 87.5; participant responses and observations from think-aloud testing highlighted positive aspects of learnability and clear display of complex, easily accessible information. The researchers concluded that the tool demonstrated good usability in the critical care setting.
AHRQ-funded; HS026975.
Citation: Molloy MJ, Zackoff M, Gifford A .
Usability testing of situation awareness clinical decision support in the intensive care unit.
Appl Clin Inform 2024 Mar; 15(2):327-34. doi: 10.1055/a-2272-6184..
Keywords: Clinical Decision Support (CDS), Health Information Technology (HIT), Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Critical Care
Tucker KJ, Ham Y, Holmer HK
Utility of beta-lactam allergy assessment in patients receiving vancomycin for surgical prophylaxis.
The purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate patients receiving vancomycin for possible eligibility for penicillin allergy testing and/or receipt of standard prophylaxis. The researchers evaluated adult patients between August 2017 to July 2018. Of the 830 patients who received vancomycin for surgical prophylaxis, 196 reported beta-lactam allergy and were included in the analysis. Of the patients receiving vancomycin as first-line therapy, 96.4 % were potentially eligible for beta-lactam prophylaxis.
AHRQ-funded; HS026819.
Citation: Tucker KJ, Ham Y, Holmer HK .
Utility of beta-lactam allergy assessment in patients receiving vancomycin for surgical prophylaxis.
Surg Pract Sci 2024 Mar; 16:100232. doi: 10.1016/j.sipas.2023.100232..
Keywords: Surgery, Antibiotics, Medication
Meyers D, Miller T, De La Mare J
AHRQ Author: Meyers D, Miller T, De La Mare J, Makulowich G, Zhan C
What AHRQ learned while working to transform primary care.
The authors summarized the effects and lessons learned from AHRQ’s 3-year EvidenceNOW: Advancing Heart Health initiative. Results from an independent national evaluation demonstrated that the EvidenceNOW model successfully boosted capacity of primary care practices to improve quality of care. EvidenceNOW also showed that lasting practice transformation efforts need to be responsive to anticipated and unanticipated changes, relationship-oriented, and not tied to specific diseases or initiatives. The authors concluded that these results argue for a national primary care extension service that provides ongoing support for practice transformation.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded; 233201500013I.
Citation: Meyers D, Miller T, De La Mare J .
What AHRQ learned while working to transform primary care.
Ann Fam Med 2024 Mar-Apr; 22(2):161-66. doi: 10.1370/afm.3090..
Keywords: Primary Care, Evidence-Based Practice, Practice Improvement, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care
Gurewitsch Allen E
Prescriptive and proscriptive lessons for managing shoulder dystocia: a technical and videographical tutorial.
This tutorial employs illustrations and videos of simulated and actual deliveries to demonstrate the biomechanical principles of specialized delivery maneuvers for intrapartum management of shoulder dystocia and to examine mistakes associated with brachial plexus injury. The tutorial presents a stepwise approach that focuses on the delivering clinician's tasks while including the role of assistive techniques. Demonstrations of each maneuver are accompanied by specific examples of what not to do.
AHRQ-funded; HS026689.
Citation: Gurewitsch Allen E .
Prescriptive and proscriptive lessons for managing shoulder dystocia: a technical and videographical tutorial.
Am J Obstet Gynecol 2024 Mar; 230(3S):S1014-s26. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2022.03.016..
Keywords: Maternal Care, Newborns/Infants
Rosenberg SM, McCue S, He J
Alliance A151945: accrual and characteristics of adolescent and young adult patients in Alliance trials from 2000 to 2017.
Alliance trials analyzed factors influencing clinical trial enrollment among adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer. Among 188 Alliance trials, AYAs comprised 11% of accrual, varying by cancer type. Hispanic and non-White AYAs were more represented in breast and colorectal cancer trials compared to non-AYAs. Disease characteristics differed by age in selected trials. AYA-specific survival showed no significant age-based differences. The results emphasize the challenge of ensuring equitable access to trials for AYAs.
AHRQ-funded; HS023680.
Citation: Rosenberg SM, McCue S, He J .
Alliance A151945: accrual and characteristics of adolescent and young adult patients in Alliance trials from 2000 to 2017.
Cancer 2024 Mar 1; 130(5):750-69. doi: 10.1002/cncr.35078.
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Cancer
Neerland C, Slaughter-Acey J, Behrens K
An evidence map for social and structural determinants for maternal morbidity and mortality: a systematic review.
The study aimed to identify social and structural determinants of maternal morbidity and mortality during prenatal and postpartum periods in the U.S. Out of 8,378 references screened, 118 studies were included, covering domains like identity, socioeconomic factors, violence, and trauma. Findings revealed mixed patterns between risk factors and outcomes, with notable attention to depression and mental health. Advancing the field long-term should involve developing comprehensive datasets to thoroughly investigate intersections with biological and medical risk factors.
AHRQ-funded; 75Q80120D00008.
Citation: Neerland C, Slaughter-Acey J, Behrens K .
An evidence map for social and structural determinants for maternal morbidity and mortality: a systematic review.
Obstet Gynecol 2024 Mar; 143(3):383-92. doi: 10.1097/aog.0000000000005489.
Keywords: Social Determinants of Health, Maternal Care, Mortality, Evidence-Based Practice, Risk, Women, Outcomes
Starnes LS, Starnes JR, Stopczynski T
Clinical prediction model: multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children versus Kawasaki disease.
This study aimed to develop a prediction model to differentiate between multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) and Kawasaki disease (KD). Using retrospective and prospective cohort data, a logistic regression model was developed, incorporating factors such as age, laboratory values, and clinical indicators. The model showed excellent discrimination (AUC 0.96) and calibration. It offers potential usefulness in aiding the diagnosis of MIS-C but requires further validation.
AHRQ-funded; HS026122.
Citation: Starnes LS, Starnes JR, Stopczynski T .
Clinical prediction model: multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children versus Kawasaki disease.
J Hosp Med 2024 Mar; 19(3):175-84. doi: 10.1002/jhm.13290.
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Respiratory Conditions, COVID-19, Chronic Conditions